Measurement of event-shape observables in Z→ℓ+ℓ− events in pp collisions at √ s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

Event-shape observables measured using charged particles in inclusive $Z$-boson events are presented, using the electron and muon decay modes of the $Z$ bosons. The measurements are based on an integrated luminosity of $1.1 {\rm fb}^{-1}$ of proton--proton collisions recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV. Charged-particle distributions, excluding the lepton--antilepton pair from the $Z$-boson decay, are measured in different ranges of transverse momentum of the $Z$ boson. Distributions include multiplicity, scalar sum of transverse momenta, beam thrust, transverse thrust, spherocity, and $\mathcal{F}$-parameter, which are in particular sensitive to properties of the underlying event at small values of the $Z$-boson transverse momentum. The Sherpa event generator shows larger deviations from the measured observables than Pythia8 and Herwig7. Typically, all three Monte Carlo generators provide predictions that are in better agreement with the data at high $Z$-boson transverse momenta than at low $Z$-boson transverse momenta and for the observables that are less sensitive to the number of charged particles in the event.Comment: 36 pages plus author list + cover page (54 pages total), 14 figures, 4 tables, submitted to EPJC, All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2014-0

Short-term vegetation succession and erosion identified by airborne remote sensing of Westerschelde salt marshes, The Netherlands

The Westerschelde estuary is the only major uncontrolled estuary in the south of The Netherlands. More than 15 000 ships per year use it to access the Belgian port of Antwerp. A major dredging operation along the Westerschelde in the late 1990s has changed the tidal regime and increased tidal inundation of the salt marshes at high tide. Airborne remote sensing (CASI) has been acquired in 1998 and 2000 for three salt marsh sites in the Westerschelde estuary. An additional dataset exists for one site for 1993. The CASI data have been classified into maps of salt marsh vegetation. These provide an input for GIS-based modelling of sediment erosion/accretion. Maps of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values allow change detection: successional change of salt marsh vegetation is clearly demonstrated. The 1993, 1998 and 2000 data show a successional trend between 1993 and 1998 that is, in part, reversing between 1998 and 2000. Data also showed significant erosion of the salt marsh edge. Data are being used to extrapolate field measurements and help produce sediment budgets for the individual salt marshes. [KEYWORDS: CLASSIFICATION; ACCURACY; COVER]

Design of reinforced grass waterways

30.00Available from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:7411.112(CIRIA--116) / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreSIGLEGBUnited Kingdo