18 research outputs found

    Spin dynamics in semiconductors

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    This article reviews the current status of spin dynamics in semiconductors which has achieved a lot of progress in the past years due to the fast growing field of semiconductor spintronics. The primary focus is the theoretical and experimental developments of spin relaxation and dephasing in both spin precession in time domain and spin diffusion and transport in spacial domain. A fully microscopic many-body investigation on spin dynamics based on the kinetic spin Bloch equation approach is reviewed comprehensively.Comment: a review article with 193 pages and 1103 references. To be published in Physics Reports

    Paysages dĂ©voilĂ©s du sud des Cantons de l’Est : L’Architecture comme guide

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    Office du Tourisme des Cantons de l’Est, 200

    Evaluation of apoptotic cell death in normal and chondrodystrophic canine intervertebral discs

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    Disc degeneration occurs commonly in dogs. A variety of factors is thought to contribute an inappropriate disc matrix that isolate cells in the disc and lead to apoptosis. Disc herniation with radiculopathy and discogenic pain are the results of the degenerative process. The objective of this prospective study was to determine the extent of apoptosis in intact and herniated intervertebral discs of chondrodystrophic dogs and non-chondrodystrophic dogs. In addition, the nucleus pulposus (NP) was histologically compared between non-chondrodystrophic and chondrodystrophic dogs. Thoracolumbar intervertebral discs and parts of the extruded nucleus pulposus were harvested from 45 dogs. Samples were subsequently stained with haematoxylin-eosin and processed to detect cleaved caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. A significant greater degree of apoptosis was observed in herniated NPs of chondrodystrophic dogs compared to non- chondrodystrophic dogs with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase and cleaved caspase- 3 detection. Within the group of chondrodystrophic dogs, dogs with an intact disc and younger than 6 years showed a significant lower incidence of apoptosis in the NP compared to the herniated NP of chondrodystrophic dogs. The extent of apoptosis in the annulus fibrosus was not different between the intact disc from chondrodystrophic and non- chondrodystrophic dogs. An age-related increase of apoptotic cells in NP and annulus fibrosus was found in the intact non-herniated intervertebral discs. Histologically, absence of notochordal cells and occurrence of chondroid metaplasia were observed in the nucleus pulposus of chondrodystrophic dogs. As a result, we found that apoptosis plays a role in disc degeneration in chondrodystrophic dogs

    mars-avril 2020

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    CrĂ©er et expĂ©rimenter les mĂ©diations La mĂ©diation est la thĂ©matique transversale aux diffĂ©rents articles. Avec Citamix, un projet collaboratif initiĂ© Ă  Besançon, ou ConnaĂźtre Victor Hugo, une application dĂ©veloppĂ©e au sein de la maison de l’écrivain Ă  Paris, les auteurs Ă©prouvent et Ă©valuent des applications destinĂ©es Ă  des sites patrimoniaux. Avec les open badges du DĂŽme, le centre de sciences de Caen-Normandie, et l’escape game imaginĂ© sur le campus d’Orsay, nous dĂ©couvrons un ensemble d’actions visant Ă  faciliter les rencontres entre chercheurs et publics, et Ă  mieux faire connaĂźtre l’histoire de la recherche. La diversitĂ© des contextes, approches, publics, outils – numĂ©riques, ludiques, prĂ©sentiels – et mĂ©thodes d’évaluation mis en Ɠuvre pour et par des jeunes montre l’extrĂȘme vitalitĂ© de l’espace musĂ©al - institution « au service de la sociĂ©tĂ© et de son dĂ©veloppement [
] » souligne la dĂ©finition du musĂ©e de l’Icom (2007). Elle montre aussi l’importance de la dimension rĂ©flexive et de la recherche dans le domaine de la mĂ©diation pour maintenir et dĂ©velopper le lien avec les publics. Dans la continuitĂ© de ces rĂ©flexions « L’art de la rencontre chercheurs-­publics » rĂ©unira le 13 mars prochain Ă  Paris des acteurs des universitĂ©s, des musĂ©es et des associations de culture scientifique et technique qui dĂ©veloppent des mĂ©diations impliquant chercheurs et publics. Elle se concentrera sur la mise en dĂ©bat comme formes privilĂ©giĂ©e de mĂ©diation pour rapprocher science et sociĂ©tĂ©. En 1937, Paul ValĂ©ry rĂ©flĂ©chit Ă  un projet de « MusĂ©e de la littĂ©rature » et Ă©voque dans le mĂȘme texte, celui de la Science. « Il reste de ce progrĂšs les traces d’un tĂątonnement expĂ©rimental ou les moments d’une gĂ©nĂ©ralisation croissante dont on peut montrer la suite assez clairement. Le Palais de la dĂ©couverte est une maniĂšre de chef-d’Ɠuvre de ce genre ». Comment ce lieu, qui marque dĂšs sa crĂ©ation l’histoire de la vulgarisation scientifique, conservera « sa vocation de parler de la science d’aujourd’hui au public d’aujourd’hui » au moment de sa rĂ©ouverture en 2024 ? En rĂ©ponse, vous trouverez Ă©galement au sommaire de cette lettre, une prĂ©sentation du projet et de la stratĂ©gie de l’établissement dans le cadre de sa rĂ©novation. Samuel Cordier, directeur de l'Oci

    Metabolic changes in the cingulate gyrus, precuneus, and white matter in anorexia nervosa using multivoxel MR spectroscopy

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    This study aimed to highlight anorexia nervosa-related metabolic changes in different brain regions with different gray and white matter contents

    Recherche scientifique en médecine de famille : expériences, barriÚres et besoins des praticiens

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    Scientific data from family medicine are relevant for the majority of the population. They are therefore essential from an ethical and public health perspective. We need to promote quality research in family medicine despite methodological, financial and logistic barriers. To highlight the strengths and weaknesses of research in family medicine in the French-speaking part of Switzerland we asked practitioners from this region to share their experience, critics and needs in relation to research. This article summarizes their contribution in light of the international literature

    Spin interactions, relaxation and decoherence in quantum dots

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    We review recent studies on spin decoherence of electrons and holes in quasi-two-dimensional quantum dots, as well as electron-spin relaxation in nanowire quantum dots. The spins of confined electrons and holes are considered major candidates for the realization of quantum information storage and processing devices, provided that sufficiently long coherence and relaxation times can be achieved. The results presented here indicate that this prerequisite might be realized in both electron and hole quantum dots, taking one large step towards quantum computation with spin qubits
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