7 research outputs found

    Nitrogen sources on TPOMW valorization through solid state fermentation performed by Yarrowia lipolytica

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    This manuscript reports the valorization of two-phase olive mill waste (TPOMW) as raw material and carbon source for solid state fermentation using Yarrowia lipolytica as biocatalyst. Due to its chemical characteristics, a combination of different raw materials (TPOMW and wheat bran, WB) was evaluated and two distinct nitrogen sources were applied as supplementation for lipase production. A TPOMW/WB ratio of 1:1 and supplementation with ammonium sulfate was chosen as the best condition. The productivity in 24 h reached 7.8 U/gh and, after four days of process, only decreased about 35%. Process pH ranged from 5.5-5.9, remaining in an acid range. Thus, the successful use of TPOMW, a watery solid by-product with high content of lipids, as raw material for Yarrowia lipolytica growth and lipase production provided an environmental friendly alternative to valorize such waste.The authors kindly acknowledge the financial aid and research scholarships given by CAPES. Maria Alice Zarur Coelho thanks CNPq (Proc. 308890/ 2013-2)

    Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

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    This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

    AYDIN İLİNDE SATIŞA SUNULAN SÜT VE SÜT ÜRÜNLERİNDE BACILLUS CEREUS VARLIĞININ ARAŞTIRILMASI

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    AYDIN İLİNDE SATIŞA SUNULAN SÜT VE SÜT ÜRÜNLERİNDE BACILLUS CEREUS VARLIĞININ ARAŞTIRILMASI Kebabçı G. Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Besin Hijyeni ve Teknolojisi (Veteriner) Programı Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Aydın, 2019. Bacillus cereus, gıda zehirlenmelerine neden olan, çubuk şeklinde, spor, endospor ve toksin oluşturabilen halk sağlığı ve süt teknolojisi açısından önemli patojen bir bakteridir. Bu çalışma, Aydın ilinde satışa sunulan süt ve süt ürünlerinde Bacillus cereus’un varlığının ve kontaminasyon düzeylerinin Türk Gıda Kodeksi (TGK) Mikrobiyolojik Kriterler Yönetmeliği’nde (2011) belirtilen limitlere göre halk sağlığı üzerine bir tehdit oluşturup oluşturmadığını araştırmak amacıyla planlanmıştır. Bu amaçla Aydın ilinde mandıra, market ve pazarlarda satışa sunulan süt ve süt ürünlerinden 30 adet çiğ süt, 30 adet pastörize süt ve 40 adet beyaz peynir olmak üzere toplam 100 adet örnek incelenmiştir. Aseptik şartlarda laboratuvara getirilen örnekler Türk Standartları Enstitüsünün ISO 7932 nolu standardında belirtilen metoda göre analiz edilmiştir. Bu araştırmada incelenen örneklerden 53’ü B. cereus yönünden şüpheli olarak belirlenmiştir. Şüpheli suşlardan yapılan paralel ekimler ve biyokimyasal testler sonucunda 18 adet beyaz peynir, 16 adet çiğ süt ve 3 adet de pastörize süt olmak üzere toplam 37 adet örnekte B. cereus varlığı doğrulanmıştır. B. cereus varlığı tespit edilen 37 adet örnek içerisinde; TGK Mikrobiyolojik Kriterler Yönetmeliği’nde belirtilen limitleri aşan 22 adet örnek tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak Aydın bölgesinde satışa sunulan süt ve süt ürünlerinde kontaminasyonların olduğu görülmüştür. Bir gıda patojeni olarak B. cereus hem halk sağlığı hem de süt teknolojisi açısından risk oluşturduğundan gerekli hijyenik tedbirlerin alınarak halk sağlığının korunması ve üretimde kalitenin sağlanması gerekmektedir.KABUL VE ONAY i TEŞEKKÜR ii İÇİNDEKİLER iii SİMGELER VE KISALTMALAR v RESİMLER DİZİNİ vi TABLOLAR DİZİNİ vii ÖZET viii ABSTRACT ix 1. GİRİŞ 1 2. GENEL BİLGİLER 4 2.1. Gıda Kaynaklı Bakteriyel Zehirlenmeler 4 2.2. Bacillus Cinsi Bakterilerin Genel Özellikleri 5 2.3. B. cereus’un Tarihçesi 6 2.4. B. cereus’un Özellikleri 7 2.5. B. cereus’un Epidemiyolojisi 10 2.6. B. cereus’un Oluşturduğu Toksinler ve Sebep Olduğu Sendromlar 11 2.6.1. Emetik Sendrom 12 2.6.2. Diyarel Sendrom 13 2.7. Koruma ve Kontrol 13 3. GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM 16 3.1. Gereç 16 3.2. Yöntem 16 3.2.1. Örneklerin Hazırlanması 16 3.2.2. Etkenin İzolasyonu 16 3.2.3. Doğrulama Deneyleri 17 3.2.3.1. Glikoz testi 18 3.2.3.2. Voges-Proskauer testi 18 3.2.3.3. Nitrat testi 19 4. BULGULAR 21 5. TARTIŞMA 24 6. SONUÇ VE ÖNERİLER 28 KAYNAKLAR 30 ÖZGEÇMİŞ 3

    Defensive Medicine in General Surgery: a Questionnaire Study in Turkey

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    This study investigated the effects of defensive medicine on the practice of physicians in general surgery Methods: A questionnaire consisting of 30 questions titled “Defensive Medicine in General Surgery” was administered to 229 physicians in general surgery by e-mail. The responses were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: All variables with a statistically significant effect on defensive medicine during univariate analysis were included as candidate factors in multivariate linear regression analysis of defensive medicine. The tendency to adopt defensive medicine practices decreased significantly with an increasing total number of operations performed annually. With increasing degree of regret about working as a general surgeon and increasing scores concerning predictive attitude knowledge-based factors, the tendency to adopt defensive medicine practices also increased significantly. There were no significant correlations between other demographic characteristics and the tendency to adopt defensive medicine practices. Conclusion: Detailed studies on determinant factors identified in this study may aid in resolving problems concerning defensive medicine

    The impact of surgical delay on resectability of colorectal cancer: An international prospective cohort study

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    AimThe SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has provided a unique opportunity to explore the impact of surgical delays on cancer resectability. This study aimed to compare resectability for colorectal cancer patients undergoing delayed versus non-delayed surgery.MethodsThis was an international prospective cohort study of consecutive colorectal cancer patients with a decision for curative surgery (January-April 2020). Surgical delay was defined as an operation taking place more than 4 weeks after treatment decision, in a patient who did not receive neoadjuvant therapy. A subgroup analysis explored the effects of delay in elective patients only. The impact of longer delays was explored in a sensitivity analysis. The primary outcome was complete resection, defined as curative resection with an R0 margin.ResultsOverall, 5453 patients from 304 hospitals in 47 countries were included, of whom 6.6% (358/5453) did not receive their planned operation. Of the 4304 operated patients without neoadjuvant therapy, 40.5% (1744/4304) were delayed beyond 4 weeks. Delayed patients were more likely to be older, men, more comorbid, have higher body mass index and have rectal cancer and early stage disease. Delayed patients had higher unadjusted rates of complete resection (93.7% vs. 91.9%, P = 0.032) and lower rates of emergency surgery (4.5% vs. 22.5%, P ConclusionOne in 15 colorectal cancer patients did not receive their planned operation during the first wave of COVID-19. Surgical delay did not appear to compromise resectability, raising the hypothesis that any reduction in long-term survival attributable to delays is likely to be due to micro-metastatic disease

    Elective Cancer Surgery in COVID-19–Free Surgical Pathways During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: An International, Multicenter, Comparative Cohort Study

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    Delaying surgery for patients with a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection

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