Análise comparativa de editores de vídeo em ambiente mobile

Dissertação de mestrado apresentada à Escola Superior de Comunicação Social como parte dos requisitos para obtenção de grau de mestre em Audiovisual e Multimédia.Atualmente, com a democratização da circulação da informação proporcionada pelo universo mobile e a internet, vivemos numa sociedade em rede, conectados, resultando em um novo sistema mediático onde todos partilham com todos, informações, opiniões e imagens, próprias ou não, importantes, verdadeiras ou não, fazendo com que sejamos utilizadores e produtores de informação. São novas formas de interação. Uma atualidade em que as imagens fixas ou em movimento, fotografias ou audiovisuais, assentam-se nos mais diferentes formatos de exibição e divulgação. Deixando de se apoiar, por exemplo, somente em formatos televisivos ou cinematográficos já estruturados e hegemônicos. Na sociedade atual a evolução é constante, fazendo com que estejamos num ciclo contínuo de aprendizagem e conhecimento que interligam o ser humano e a tecnologia de forma cada vez mais facilitada e ágil. O contato com os audiovisuais que nos rodeiam é intenso; seja pela televisão, em filmes, publicidade, web, redes sociais, streaming, vídeo-conferências e muitos outros. Cada qual com suas representações estéticas. A dissertação proposta como trabalho final para obtenção do grau de mestre em Audiovisual e Multimédia fará uma análise das características dos editores de vídeo que, atualmente, são desenvolvidos para os dispositivos móveis. O trabalho terá por finalidade compreender estas aplicações de edição de vídeo, seus elementos de interação, estratégias de design utilizadas e as funcionalidades que permitam a construção dos audiovisuais, atendendo assim às necessidades de uma sociedade que se encontra cada dia mais convergente e adepta aos avanços técnicos. Desta maneira, permitindo agregar diferentes funções, informações e tecnologia em um único objeto portátil, gerada pelos smartphones, sendo estimulante para utilizá-lo nas mais diferentes funções e fazendo com que, através do seu conteúdo, seja proposta uma alternativa de aplicação com características específicas para edição de um audiovisual.ABSTRACT: Currently, with the democratization of the information flow, provided by the mobile universe and the internet, we live in a interconnected society. This new reality created a new media system in which everyone shares with everyone different information, opinions and images, copyrighted or not, relevant or not, true or false, enabling people to play the role of users and content producers. These new ways of interaction created a reality in which photographs or audiovisuals are based on the most different formats of exhibition and dissemination, not only relying on the already structured and hegemonic formats such as television or cinema. Nowadays, evolution is constant and, for this reason, it has demanded from the human being a continuous cycle of learning and knowledge that interconnects with technology which is increasingly facilitated and agile. An example of this is the contact with audiovisuals: television, films, publicity, web, social networks, streaming, videoconferences, among others; Each with its aesthetic representations. The dissertation proposed as final work to obtain the master's degree in Audiovisual and Multimedia presents an analysis of the characteristics that video editors developed for mobile devices. The purpose of this work is to understand the applications of video editing, its elements of interaction, design strategies used and the functionalities that allow the construction of audiovisuals, thus meeting the needs of a society that is, more and more, convergent and adept to technical advances. This way, the analysis allows the combination of different functions, information and technology, in a single portable object generated by the growing usage of smartphones. And, in addition, this work proposes, through its content, an alternative application with specific features for audiovisual editing.N/

Progression of mitral regurgitation in rheumatic valve disease : role of left atrial remodeling

Introduction: Mitral regurgitation (MR) is the most common valve abnormality in rheumatic heart disease (RHD) often associated with stenosis. Although the mechanism by which MR develops in RHD is primary, longstanding volume overload with left atrial (LA) remodeling may trigger the development of secondary MR, which can impact on the overall progression of MR. This study is aimed to assess the incidence and predictors of MR progression in patients with RHD. Methods: Consecutive RHD patients with non-severe MR associated with any degree of mitral stenosis were selected. The primary endpoint was a progression of MR, which was defined as an increase of one grade in MR severity from baseline to the last follow-up echocardiogram. The risk of MR progression was estimated accounting for competing risks. Results: The study included 539 patients, age of 46.2 ± 12 years and 83% were women. At a mean follow-up time of 4.2 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 1.2–6.9 years), 54 patients (10%) displayed MR progression with an overall incidence of 2.4 per 100 patient-years. Predictors of MR progression by the Cox model were age (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.541, 95% CI 1.222–1.944), and LA volume (HR 1.137, 95% CI 1.054–1.226). By considering competing risk analysis, the direction of the association was similar for the rate (Cox model) and incidence (Fine-Gray model) of MR progression. In the model with LA volume, atrial fibrillation (AF) was no longer a predictor of MR progression. In the subgroup of patients in sinus rhythm, 59 had an onset of AF during follow-up, which was associated with progression of MR (HR 2.682; 95% CI 1.133–6.350). Conclusions: In RHD patients with a full spectrum of MR severity, progression of MR occurs over time is predicted by age and LA volume. LA enlargement may play a role in the link between primary MR and secondary MR in patients with RHD

A dynamic T cell–limited checkpoint regulates affinity-dependent B cell entry into the germinal center

Entry into the germinal center requires antigen-bearing B cells to compete for cognate T cell help at the T–B border

Mixed-linker UiO-66: structure–property relationships revealed by a combination of high-resolution powder X-ray diffraction and density functional theory calculations

The use of mixed-linker metal–organic frameworks (MIXMOFs) is one of the most effective strategies to modulate the physical–chemical properties of MOFs without affecting the overall crystal structure. In many instances, MIXMOFs have been recognized as solid solutions, with random distribution of ligands, in agreement with the empirical rule known as Vegard's law. In this work, we have undertaken a study combining high-resolution powder X-ray diffraction (HR-PXRD) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations with the aim of understanding the reasons why UiO-66-based amino- and bromo-functionalized MIXMOFs (MIXUiO-66) undergo cell expansion obeying Vegard's law and how this behaviour is related to their physical–chemical properties. DFT calculations predict that the unit cell in amino-functionalized UiO-66 experiences only minor expansion as a result of steric effects, whereas major modification to the electronic features of the framework leads to weaker metal–linker interaction and consequently to the loss of stability at higher degrees of functionalization. For bromo-functionalized UiO-66, steric repulsion due to the size of bromine yields a large cell expansion, but the electronic features remain very similar to pristine UiO-66, preserving the stability of the framework upon functionalization. MIXUiO-66 obtained by either direct synthesis or by post-synthetic exchange shows Vegard-like behaviour, suggesting that both preparation methods yield solid solutions, but the thermal stability and the textural properties of the post-synthetic exchanged materials do not display a clear dependence on the chemical composition, as observed for the MOFs obtained by direct synthesis

Regulation of germinal center B-cell differentiation

Germinal centers (GC) are the main sites where antigen‐activated B‐cell clones expand and undergo immunoglobulin gene hypermutation and selection. Iterations of this process will lead to affinity maturation, replicating Darwinian evolution on the cellular level. GC B‐cell selection can lead to four different outcomes: further expansion and evolution, apoptosis (non‐selection), or output from the GC with differentiation into memory B cells or plasma cells. T‐helper cells in GC have been shown to have a central role in regulating B‐cell selection by sensing the density of major histocompatibility complex (MHC):peptide antigen complexes. Antigen is provided on follicular dendritic cells in the form of immune complex. Antibody on these immune complexes regulates antigen accessibility by shielding antigen from B‐cell receptor access. Replacement of antibody on immune complexes by antibody generated from GC‐derived plasma cell output will gradually reduce the availability of antigen. This antibody feedback can lead to a situation where a slow rise in selection stringency caused by a changing environment leads to directional evolution toward higher affinity antibody

Significant benefits of AIP testing and clinical screening in familial isolated and young-onset pituitary tumors

Context Germline mutations in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor-interacting protein (AIP) gene are responsible for a subset of familial isolated pituitary adenoma (FIPA) cases and sporadic pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs). Objective To compare prospectively diagnosed AIP mutation-positive (AIPmut) PitNET patients with clinically presenting patients and to compare the clinical characteristics of AIPmut and AIPneg PitNET patients. Design 12-year prospective, observational study. Participants & Setting We studied probands and family members of FIPA kindreds and sporadic patients with disease onset ≤18 years or macroadenomas with onset ≤30 years (n = 1477). This was a collaborative study conducted at referral centers for pituitary diseases. Interventions & Outcome AIP testing and clinical screening for pituitary disease. Comparison of characteristics of prospectively diagnosed (n = 22) vs clinically presenting AIPmut PitNET patients (n = 145), and AIPmut (n = 167) vs AIPneg PitNET patients (n = 1310). Results Prospectively diagnosed AIPmut PitNET patients had smaller lesions with less suprasellar extension or cavernous sinus invasion and required fewer treatments with fewer operations and no radiotherapy compared with clinically presenting cases; there were fewer cases with active disease and hypopituitarism at last follow-up. When comparing AIPmut and AIPneg cases, AIPmut patients were more often males, younger, more often had GH excess, pituitary apoplexy, suprasellar extension, and more patients required multimodal therapy, including radiotherapy. AIPmut patients (n = 136) with GH excess were taller than AIPneg counterparts (n = 650). Conclusions Prospectively diagnosed AIPmut patients show better outcomes than clinically presenting cases, demonstrating the benefits of genetic and clinical screening. AIP-related pituitary disease has a wide spectrum ranging from aggressively growing lesions to stable or indolent disease course

Helping stakeholders select and apply appraisal tools to mitigate soil threats: researchers’ experiences from across Europe

Soil improvement measures need to be ecologically credible, socially acceptable and economically affordable if they are to enter widespread use. However, in real world decision contexts not all measures can sufficiently meet these criteria. As such, developing, selecting and using appropriate tools to support more systematic appraisal of soil improvement measures in different decision-making contexts represents an important challenge. Tools differ in their aims, ranging from those focused on appraising issues of cost-effectiveness, wider ecosystem services impacts and adoption barriers/opportunities, to those seeking to foster participatory engagement and social learning. Despite the growing complexity of the decision-support tool landscape, comprehensive guidance for selecting tools that are best suited to appraise soil improvement measures, as well as those well-adapted to enable participatory deployment, has generally been lacking. We address this gap using the experience and survey data from an EU-funded project (RECARE: Preventing and REmediating degradation of soils in Europe through land CARE). RECARE applied different socio-cultural, biophysical and monetary appraisal tools to assess the costs, benefits and adoption of soil improvement measures across Europe. We focused on these appraisal tools and evaluated their performance against three broad attributes that gauge their differences and suitability for widespread deployment to aid stakeholder decision making in soil management. Data were collected using an online questionnaire administered to RECARE researchers. Although some tools worked better than others across case studies, the information collated was used to provide guiding strategies for choosing appropriate tools, considering resources and data availability, characterisation of uncertainty, and the purpose for which a specific soil improvement measure is being developed or promoted. This paper provides insights to others working in practical soil improvement contexts as to why getting the tools right matters. It demonstrates how use of the right tools can add value to decision-making in ameliorating soil threats, supporting the sustainable management of the services that our soil ecosystems provide

CMS physics technical design report : Addendum on high density QCD with heavy ions

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