23 research outputs found
Nutrition in agricultural development: Land settlement in coast province, Kenya
ASC â Publicaties niet-programma gebonde
Updated European Consensus Statement on diagnosis and treatment of adult ADHD
Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is among the most common psychiatric disorders of childhood that often persists into adulthood and old age. Yet ADHD is currently underdiagnosed and undertreated in many European countries, leading to chronicity of symptoms and impairment, due to lack of, or ineffective treatment, and higher costs of illness. Methods The European Network Adult ADHD and the Section for Neurodevelopmental Disorders Across the Lifespan (NDAL) of the European Psychiatric Association (EPA), aim to increase awareness and knowledge of adult ADHD in and outside Europe. This Updated European Consensus Statement aims to support clinicians with research evidence and clinical experience from 63 experts of European and other countries in which ADHD in adults is recognized and treated. Results Besides reviewing the latest research on prevalence, persistence, genetics and neurobiology of ADHD, three major questions are addressed: (1) What is the clinical picture of ADHD in adults? (2) How should ADHD be properly diagnosed in adults? (3) How should adult ADHDbe effectively treated? Conclusions ADHD often presents as a lifelong impairing condition. The stigma surrounding ADHD, mainly due to lack of knowledge, increases the suffering of patients. Education on the lifespan perspective, diagnostic assessment, and treatment of ADHD must increase for students of general and mental health, and for psychiatry professionals. Instruments for screening and diagnosis of ADHD in adults are available, as are effective evidence-based treatments for ADHD and its negative outcomes. More research is needed on gender differences, and in older adults with ADHD. (c) 2018 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.Peer reviewe
Toward understanding the post-collisional evolution of an orogen influenced by convergence at adjacent plate margins; Late Cretaceous-Tertiary thermotectonic history of the Apuseni Mountains
The relationship between syn- to post-collisional orogenic shortening and stresses transmitted from other neighboring plate boundaries is important for understanding the kinematics of mountain belts, but has received little attention so far. The Apuseni Mountains are an example of an orogen in the interference zone between two other subduction systems located in the external Carpathians and Dinarides. This interference is demonstrated by the results of a combined thermochronological and structural field study that quantifies the post-collisional latest Cretaceous-Tertiary evolution. The exhumation history derived from apatite fission track and (U-Th)/He thermochronology indicates that the present-day topography of the Apuseni Mountains originates mainly from latest Cretaceous times, modified by two tectonic pulses during the Paleogene. The latter are suggested by cooling ages clustering around âŒ45 Ma and âŒ30 Ma and the associated shortening recorded along deep-seated fault systems. Paleogene exhumation pulses are similar in magnitude (âŒ3.5 km) and are coeval with the final collisional phases recorded in the Dinarides and with part of the Carpathian rotation around the Moesian promontory. These newly quantified Paleogene exhumation and shortening pulses contradict the general view of tectonic quiescence, subsidence and overall sedimentation for this time interval. The Miocene collapse of the Pannonian Basin did not induce significant regional exhumation along the western Apuseni flank, nor did the subsequent Carpathian collision. This is surprising in the overall context of Pannonian Basin formation and its subsequent inversion, in which the Apuseni Mountains were previously interpreted as being significantly uplifted in both deformation stages. Copyright 2011 by the American Geophysical Union
Urban agriculture in Santarém, Parå, Brazil: diversity and circulation of cultivated plants in urban homegardens
Cross-Location Analysis of the Impact of Household Socioeconomic Status on Participation in Urban and Peri-Urban Agriculture in West Africa
This study explores the relation between household socioeconomic status (SES) and participation in urban and periurban agriculture (UPA) in three West African cities. We used a structured questionnaire to survey 700 randomly selected households: 250 in Kano, Nigeria, 250 in Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso, and 200 in Sikasso, Mali. Multiple correspondence analysis was applied on household asset variables to create an index of assets which was used as a proxy for household SES. The results showed no significant differences in householdsâ rate of participation in UPA across socioeconomic groups. Participation in UPA was rather significantly (Pâ<â0.001) and positively related to household size. Interestingly, the analysis revealed that field crop cultivation and gardening were more common among households in the low and medium SES groups while those in the high SES group were more likely to keep livestock
European consensus statement on diagnosis and treatment of adult ADHD: The European Network Adult ADHD.
BACKGROUND: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is among the most common psychiatric disorders of childhood that persists into adulthood in the majority of cases. The evidence on persistence poses several difficulties for adult psychiatry considering the lack of expertise for diagnostic assessment, limited treatment options and patient facilities across Europe. METHODS: The European Network Adult ADHD, founded in 2003, aims to increase awareness of this disorder and improve knowledge and patient care for adults with ADHD across Europe. This Consensus Statement is one of the actions taken by the European Network Adult ADHD in order to support the clinician with research evidence and clinical experience from 18 European countries in which ADHD in adults is recognised and treated. RESULTS: Besides information on the genetics and neurobiology of ADHD, three major questions are addressed in this statement: (1) What is the clinical picture of ADHD in adults? (2) How can ADHD in adults be properly diagnosed? (3) How should ADHD in adults be effectively treated? CONCLUSIONS: ADHD often presents as an impairing lifelong condition in adults, yet it is currently underdiagnosed and treated in many European countries, leading to ineffective treatment and higher costs of illness. Expertise in diagnostic assessment and treatment of ADHD in adults must increase in psychiatry. Instruments for screening and diagnosis of ADHD in adults are available and appropriate treatments exist, although more research is needed in this age group
A diode laser system for heating minerals for (U-Th)/He chronometry
We have developed a diode laser (25 W, 808 nm) system for He extraction from minerals for (U-Th)/He chronometry. The laser beam is delivered via a 600 ÎŒm fiber cable and focused using a binocular microscope. Temperatures necessary for He release from apatite (500â600°C) and zircon (1100â1300°C) encapsulated in Pt-foil tubes are attained by heating to 0.5 W for 30 s and 1.25â2.5 W for 20 min, respectively, using a defocused beam. Heating at these powers does not result in measurable U and/or Th loss from apatite, as noted by the preservation of the distinct Th/U in multiple splits of two different Durango apatite crystals. Analyses of Durango and the California Institute of Technology internal standard apatite 97MR22 yield (U-Th)/He ages of 32.8 ± 1.8 Ma (1Ï, n = 11) and 4.6 ± 0.5 (1Ï, n = 5), respectively, well within accepted ages. The (U-Th)/He age and Th/U of five Fish Canyon Tuff zircon aliquots yield 29.3 ± 2.2 Ma (1Ï) and 0.6 ± 0.03, respectively, and are indistinguishable from ages produced by resistance furnace He extraction. Heating of unencapsulated minerals shows that the diode laser couples well with optically opaque minerals (e.g., hornblende, biotite, muscovite, garnet) and basalt groundmass, suggesting that diode lasers offer a cheap, small, low-maintenance alternative to Nd:YAG and Ar ion lasers for 40Ar/39Ar, cosmogenic noble gas, and stable isotope studies
From nappe stacking to out-of-sequence postcollisional deformations: Cretaceous to Quaternary exhumation history of the SE Carpathians assessed by low-temperature thermochronology
Apatite fission track (AFT) and (UâTh)/He (AHe)
thermochronology have been combined to constrain
the exhumation history of the SE Carpathians. Cooling
ages generally decrease from Cretaceous for the internal
basement nappes (AFT ages), to MioceneâQuaternary
(AFT and AHe, respectively) for the external sedimentary
wedge. The AFT and AHe data show a Paleogene
age cluster, which confirms a suspected but never demonstrated\ud
tectonic event. The new data furthermore suggest
that the SE Carpathians have been affected by a
middle Miocene exhumation phase related to continental
collision, which occurred at rates of âŒ0.8 mm/yr, similar
to the one previously inferred for the East Carpathians.
The SE Carpathian tectonic evolution, however, is overprinted
by two younger exhumation events in the
PlioceneâPleistocene. The first exhumation phase
(latest Mioceneâearly Pliocene) occurred at high exhumation
rates (âŒ1.7 mm/yr) and is interpreted as a tectonic
event and/or associated with a sea level drop in
the Paratethys basins during the Messinian low stand.
The youngest recorded tectonic phase suggests rapid
Pleistocene exhumation (âŒ1.6 mm/yr) and is interpreted
to represent crustalâscale shortening different in
mechanics from collisional processes. The data suggest
that the SE Carpathians did not develop as a typical
doubleâvergent orogenic wedge; instead, exhumation
was related to a forelandâvergent sequence of nappe
stacking during collision and was subsequently
followed by a large outâofâsequence shortening event
truncating the already locked collisional boundary
Updated European Consensus Statement on diagnosis and treatment of adult ADHD
Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is among the
most common psychiatric disorders of childhood that often persists into
adulthood and old age. Yet ADHD is currently underdiagnosed and
undertreated in many European countries, leading to chronicity of
symptoms and impairment, due to lack of, or ineffective treatment, and
higher costs of illness.
Methods The European Network Adult ADHD and the Section for
Neurodevelopmental Disorders Across the Lifespan (NDAL) of the European
Psychiatric Association (EPA), aim to increase awareness and knowledge
of adult ADHD in and outside Europe. This Updated European Consensus
Statement aims to support clinicians with research evidence and clinical
experience from 63 experts of European and other countries in which ADHD
in adults is recognized and treated.
Results Besides reviewing the latest research on prevalence,
persistence, genetics and neurobiology of ADHD, three major questions
are addressed: (1) What is the clinical picture of ADHD in adults? (2)
How should ADHD be properly diagnosed in adults? (3) How should adult
ADHDbe effectively treated?
Conclusions ADHD often presents as a lifelong impairing condition. The
stigma surrounding ADHD, mainly due to lack of knowledge, increases the
suffering of patients. Education on the lifespan perspective, diagnostic
assessment, and treatment of ADHD must increase for students of general
and mental health, and for psychiatry professionals. Instruments for
screening and diagnosis of ADHD in adults are available, as are
effective evidence-based treatments for ADHD and its negative outcomes.
More research is needed on gender differences, and in older adults with
ADHD. (c) 2018 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Masson SAS