Alertas de qualidade da água com base na Análise de Agrupamento nas bacias dos rios colombianos

El agua dulce es considerada uno de los recursos naturales renovables más importantes, Colombia se ubica entre los países con mayor oferta hídrica del mundo con cinco vertientes: Caribe, Orinoco, Amazonas, Pacifico y Catatumbo. En este sentido es de vital importancia estudiar y evaluar la calidad del agua de sus ríos y/o sistemas lóticos. Hoy por hoy, algunos científicos hacen uso de índices biológicos para calcular la calidad del agua, mientras que otros detectan la calidad del agua por medio de técnicas de aprendizaje automático, sin embargo los trabajos encontrados hasta el momento no permiten al usuario interpretar fácilmente los resultados. Estas investigaciones motivaron a proponer un conjunto de datos para la generación de alertas de la calidad del agua en la cuenca Rio Piedras basado en el análisis del algoritmo de agrupamiento K-Emanes y la técnica de clasificación C.4.5. Fresh water is considered one of the most important renewable natural resources in the world. Among all the countries, Colombia is one of the places with the highest water supply, and has five watersheds: the Caribbean, Orinoco, Amazon, Pacific and Catatumbo. It is therefore vital to study and evaluate the water quality of the rivers and/or lotic systems. In recent studies, some scientists made use of biological indices to calculate water quality, while others detected water quality through machine learning techniques. However, these studies do not allow users to easily interpret the results. These investigations motivated us to propose a dataset for generating water quality alerts in Piedras river basin based on the analysis of the K-Means clustering algorithm and C.4.5 classification technique.A água doce é considerada um dos recursos naturais renováveis mais importantes, a Colômbia é um dos países com a maior oferta hídrica do mundo, com cinco vertentes: Caribe, Orinoco, Amazonas, Pacífico e Catatumbo.  Neste sentido, é de vital importância estudar e avaliar a qualidade da água dos seus rios e / ou sistemas lóticos. Atualmente, alguns cientistas fazem uso de índices biológicos para calcular a qualidade da água, enquanto outros detectam a qualidade da água através de técnicas de aprendizado de máquina, no entanto os trabalhos encontrados até a data ainda não permitem que os usuários possam facilmente interpretar os resultados. Essas investigações levaram a propor um conjunto de dados para a geração de alertas de qualidade da água na bacia do rio Piedras, com base na análise do algoritmo de agrupamento K-Emanes e na técnica de classificação C.4.

Fortalecimiento de los conocimientos metodológicos y de elaboración del Trabajo Fin de Grado y Master (II)

Memoría de la segunda parte del proyecto de innovación docente 224 del curso 19/20. Se actualizan objetivos y se anexa material creado: 1. Actualización de guía para el desarrollo de trabajos final de grado o master 2. Vídeos elaborados por el equipo de investigadores para cumplimentar dudas frecuentes de los alumnos en la elaboración de trabajos finales de grado o máster 3. Autoevaluaciones para que los alumnos puedan detectar los conocimientos adquirido

The effect of excess weight on circulating inflammatory cytokines in drug-naïve first-episode psychosis individuals

Background: Low-grade inflammation has been repeatedly associated with both excess weight and psychosis. However, no previous studies have addressed the direct effect of body mass index (BMI) on basal serum cytokines in individuals with first-episode psychosis (FEP). Objectives: The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of BMI on basal serum cytokine levels in FEP patients and control subjects, separating the total sample into two groups: normal-weight and overweight individuals. Methods: This is a prospective and open-label study. We selected 75 FEP patients and 75 healthy controls with similar characteristics to patients according to the following variables: sex, age, and cannabis and tobacco consumption. Both controls and patients were separated into two groups according to their BMI: subjects with a BMI under 25 were considered as normal weight and those with a BMI equal to or more than 25 were considered as overweight. Serum levels of 21 cytokines/chemokines were measured at baseline using the Human High Sensitivity T Cell Magnetic Bead Panel protocol from the Milliplex® Map Kit. We compared the basal serum levels of the 21 cytokines between control and patient groups according to their BMI. Results: In the normal-weight group, IL-8 was the only cytokine that was higher in patients than in the control group (p = 0.001), whereas in the overweight group, serum levels of two pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, p = 0.000; IL-1?, p = 0.003), two chemokines (IL-8, p = 0.001; MIP-1?, p = 0.001), four Th-1 and Th-2 cytokines (IL-13, p = 0.009; IL-2, p = 0.001; IL-7, p = 0.001; IL-12p70, p = 0.010), and one Type-3 cytokine (IL-23, p = 0.010) were higher in patients than in controls. Conclusions: Most differences in the basal serum cytokine levels between patients and healthy volunteers were found in the overweight group. These findings suggest that excess weight can alter the homeostasis of the immune system and therefore may have an additive pro-inflammatory effect on the one produced by psychosis in the central nervous system.Funding: The present study was carried out at the Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain, under the following grant support from MINECO SAF2013-46292-R, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and Fundación Marqués de Valdecilla. No pharmaceutical company has participated in the study concept and design, data collection, analysis and interpretation of the results, and drafting of the manuscript. We thank the Valdecilla Biobank for blood sampling handling and storage. We also wish to thank the participants and their families for enrolling in this study. The study, designed and directed by B C-F, conformed to international standards for research ethics and was approved by the local institutional review board

Engineering context-aware systems and applications:A survey

Context-awareness is an essential component of systems developed in areas like Intelligent Environments, Pervasive & Ubiquitous Computing and Ambient Intelligence. In these emerging fields, there is a need for computerized systems to have a higher understanding of the situations in which to provide services or functionalities, to adapt accordingly. The literature shows that researchers modify existing engineering methods in order to better fit the needs of context-aware computing. These efforts are typically disconnected from each other and generally focus on solving specific development issues. We encourage the creation of a more holistic and unified engineering process that is tailored for the demands of these systems. For this purpose, we study the state-of-the-art in the development of context-aware systems, focusing on: (A) Methodologies for developing context-aware systems, analyzing the reasons behind their lack of adoption and features that the community wish they can use; (B) Context-aware system engineering challenges and techniques applied during the most common development stages; (C) Context-aware systems conceptualization

Alertas de qualidade da água com base na Análise de Agrupamento nas bacias dos rios colombianos

Fresh water is considered one of the most important renewable natural resources in the world. Among all the countries, Colombia is one of the places with the highest water supply, and has five watersheds: the Caribbean, Orinoco, Amazon, Pacific and Catatumbo. It is therefore vital to study and evaluate the water quality of the rivers and/or lotic systems. In recent studies, some scientists made use of biological indices to calculate water quality, while others detected water quality through machine learning techniques. However, these studies do not allow users to easily interpret the results. These investigations motivated us to propose a dataset for generating water quality alerts in Piedras river basin based on the analysis of the K-Means clustering algorithm and C.4.5 classification technique.El agua dulce es considerada uno de los recursos naturales renovables más importantes, Colombia se ubica entre los países con mayor oferta hídrica del mundo con cinco vertientes: Caribe, Orinoco, Amazonas, Pacifico y Catatumbo. En este sentido es de vital importancia estudiar y evaluar la calidad del agua de sus ríos y/o sistemas lóticos. Hoy por hoy, algunos científicos hacen uso de índices biológicos para calcular la calidad del agua, mientras que otros detectan la calidad del agua por medio de técnicas de aprendizaje automático, sin embargo los trabajos encontrados hasta el momento no permiten al usuario interpretar fácilmente los resultados. Estas investigaciones motivaron a proponer un conjunto de datos para la generación de alertas de la calidad del agua en la cuenca Rio Piedras basado en el análisis del algoritmo de agrupamiento K-Emanes y la técnica de clasificación C.4.5. A água doce é considerada um dos recursos naturais renováveis mais importantes, a Colômbia é um dos países com a maior oferta hídrica do mundo, com cinco vertentes: Caribe, Orinoco, Amazonas, Pacífico e Catatumbo.  Neste sentido, é de vital importância estudar e avaliar a qualidade da água dos seus rios e / ou sistemas lóticos. Atualmente, alguns cientistas fazem uso de índices biológicos para calcular a qualidade da água, enquanto outros detectam a qualidade da água através de técnicas de aprendizado de máquina, no entanto os trabalhos encontrados até a data ainda não permitem que os usuários possam facilmente interpretar os resultados. Essas investigações levaram a propor um conjunto de dados para a geração de alertas de qualidade da água na bacia do rio Piedras, com base na análise do algoritmo de agrupamento K-Emanes e na técnica de classificação C.4.

On-line and face-to-face evaluation of knowledge acquisition of the teaching activity

Tanto el desarrollo como la generalización de las herramientas virtuales han mejorado la docencia, haciendo que la misma pueda ir mucho más allá de las clases presenciales. Estas herramientas pueden ser de gran utilidad en las propias clases permitiendo al docente y al alumno saber en el curso de esas clases presenciales (en directo) si las materias desarrolladas han sido asimiladas de manera adecuada y oportuna. En este sentido, uno de los objetivos alcanzados a reseñar, es que el alumnado se sintió partícipe del proceso docente. Ellos de manera inmediata, juzgaban lo que habían visto y de alguna manera eso hacía que sintieran que era importante su opinión y que con ella se podían modificar las clases posteriores.Both the development and the generalization of virtual tools have improved teaching, making it go far beyond classroom classes. These tools can be very useful in the classes themselves, allowing the teacher and the student to know in the course of those classes (live) if the subjects developed have been assimilated in an appropriate and timely manner. In this sense, one of the objectives achieved to review, is that the students felt involved in the teaching process. They immediately judged what they had seen and in some way that made them feel that their opinion was important and that with it the later classes could be modified.Depto. de Salud Pública y Materno - InfantilFac. de MedicinaFALSEsubmitte

Association of Sexualized Drug Use Patterns with HIV/STI Transmission Risk in an Internet Sample of Men Who Have Sex with Men from Seven European Countries

We estimated the prevalence of overall sexualized drug use (SDU) and of chemsex in particular, assessed patterns of drug use, and identified subpopulations of men who have sex with men (MSM) where SDU and chemsex are more frequent. Using data from an online survey of 9407 MSM recruited during 2016 in 7 European countries, we calculated the proportion of participants who reported SDU and chemsex (mephedrone, methamphetamine, and/or GHB/GBL) in the last 12 months. We grouped the different drug-use combinations in patterns and described sexual risk behaviors, sexually transmitted infections (STI), and HIV seropositivity for each one of them. Factors associated with SDU and chemsex were assessed with two logistic regression models. SDU was reported by 17.7% and chemsex by 5.2%. Risk indicators increased through the different SDU patterns but were higher within those including chemsex drugs. In the multivariate analysis, chemsex was independently associated with living in Slovenia. Both SDU and chemsex were independently associated with living in Spain; being  500,000 inhabitants; being open about their sex life; reporting transactional sex; condomless anal intercourse; having received an STI diagnosis and with being HIV positive or having been tested ≤ 12 months ago. Magnitude of associations was higher in the chemsex model. One in five participants reported SDU, but prevalence of chemsex was notably lower. However, the risk profiles and higher prevalence of HIV/STIs among those involved in chemsex suggest the existence of a subpopulation of MSM that could be playing a relevant role in the HIV and STI epidemics, especially in very large cities of some countries.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio