Leaf pigments in cauliflower cultivated with different water conditions and silicon applications

Environmental factors and crop management can influence the characteristics of plant morphology and physiology, altering photosynthetic efficiency and mass accumulation. The study aimed to analyze the contents of leaf pigments in cauliflower cultivated under different conditions of water availability and silicon (Si) applications. The experiment was carried out in a protected environment in the city of Maringá-PR. A randomized block design, in a 3x4 factorial scheme, with three replacement conditions [40, 70 and 100% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc)] and four Si doses (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg ha-1), with four repetitions. The cauliflower cultivation, cultivar Sharon, was carried out in dystroferric RED NITOSOL. Daily evapotranspiration was determined with a constant level water table lysimeter and water replacement was performed with drip irrigation. Si was applied in split doses in three applications (initial, intermediate and final phases). At flowering, leaf tissue from the upper third of the plant was collected, with pigment extraction performed with pure acetone and determination in a spectrophotometer. At harvest, the leaf area of ​​the plants was determined. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and regression analysis. Cauliflower crop under water-deficient reduces leaf area development and alters chloroplast pigments dynamics. Silicon use in the soil increases leaf development, chlorophyll a and b contents, and reduces carotenoids concentration. Under water stress conditions, silicon addition to the soil improves cauliflower performance

Potenciais interações de drogas em pacientes de terapia antirretroviral: uma revisão integrativa: Potential drug interactions in antiretroviral therapy patients: an integrative review

Possíveis interações medicamentosas devem ser levadas em consideração ao selecionar um regime antirretroviral. Uma revisão detalhada dos medicamentos concomitantes pode ajudar na criação de um regime que minimize as interações indesejáveis. O potencial para interações medicamentosas deve ser avaliado quando qualquer novo medicamento (incluindo agentes de venda livre) é adicionado a um regime antirretroviral existente. A maioria das interações medicamentosas com medicamentos antirretroviral é mediada por inibição ou indução do metabolismo hepático de medicamentos. Este estudo trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, cujo objetivo foi compreender as possíveis interações de drogas em pacientes com infecção pelo HIV em processo de terapia antirretroviral. Após análise dos dados, concluiu-se que há riscos reais de interações medicamentosas a partir do uso de 5 ou mais medicamentos, por um tempo superior a seis anos. Os principais riscos apontados nesse sentido foram interferência na resposta terapêutica, aumento de reações adversas toxidade nos sistemas cardiovascular e nervoso central e dificuldades para detecção de resistência do HIV aos medicamentos antirretrovirais

Impacto dos Esteroides Anabolizantes na Saúde Cardiovascular: Uma Revisão Abrangente da Literatura

This study conducted a comprehensive literature review on the impact of anabolic steroids on cardiovascular health. Through the analysis of epidemiological studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses, it was possible to identify a significant association between the use of anabolic steroids and an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events, such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, including alterations in lipid profile, vascular function, and promotion of thrombosis, were discussed to elucidate the cardiovascular effects of these substances. Considering the risks associated with the use of anabolic steroids, it is essential for healthcare professionals to be aware of these adverse effects and work together with patients to prevent cardiovascular complications.Este estudo realizou uma revisão abrangente da literatura sobre o impacto dos esteroides anabolizantes na saúde cardiovascular. Através da análise de estudos epidemiológicos, revisões sistemáticas e meta-análises, foi possível identificar uma associação significativa entre o uso de esteroides anabolizantes e o aumento do risco de eventos cardiovasculares adversos, como hipertensão, aterosclerose, infarto do miocárdio e acidente vascular cerebral. Mecanismos fisiopatológicos subjacentes, incluindo alterações no perfil lipídico, função vascular e promoção da trombose, foram discutidos para elucidar os efeitos cardiovasculares dessas substâncias. Considerando os riscos associados ao uso de anabolizantes, é essencial que profissionais de saúde estejam cientes desses efeitos adversos e trabalhem em conjunto com os pacientes para prevenir complicações cardiovasculares

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

Production of He-4 and (4) in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S=2.76 TeV at the LHC

Results on the production of He-4 and (4) nuclei in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S = 2.76 TeV in the rapidity range vertical bar y vertical bar <1, using the ALICE detector, are presented in this paper. The rapidity densities corresponding to 0-10% central events are found to be dN/dy4(He) = (0.8 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.3 (syst)) x 10(-6) and dN/dy4 = (1.1 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.2 (syst)) x 10(-6), respectively. This is in agreement with the statistical thermal model expectation assuming the same chemical freeze-out temperature (T-chem = 156 MeV) as for light hadrons. The measured ratio of (4)/He-4 is 1.4 +/- 0.8 (stat) +/- 0.5 (syst). (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

APPLICATION OF NDVI IN THE EVALUATION IN THE APA OF THE ARARAS STREAM, MUNICIPALITY OF PARANAVAÍ, PR, BRAZIL

Os recursos hídricos são essenciais para o desenvolvimento da vida humana e de suas atividades econômicas, sendo que para sua utilização a água precisa ser de qualidade. No município de Paranavaí, no noroeste do estado do Paraná, para garantir a qualidade da água distribuída para a população, foi criada a Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA) do ribeirão Araras. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo a avaliação da vegetação na área da APA, se justificando pela necessidade de monitoramento da área. A avaliação foi realizada por meio da análise de imagens de satélite, sendo aplicadas técnicas de Processamento Digital de Imagens (PDI), por meio do Índice de Vegetação por Diferença Normalizada (NDVI). Os resultados obtidos apontam que a vegetação na área estudada não apresentou variações relacionadas a supressão da vegetação, sendo registradas apenas variações na densidade da vegetação, as quais podem estar relacionadas a variações dos índices pluviométricos.Water resources are essential for the development of human life and economic activities, and for their use water needs to be of good quality. In the municipality of Paranavaí, in the northwest of the state of Paraná, to guarantee the quality of water distributed to the population, the Environmental Protection Area (APA) of the Araras stream was created. In this sense, the present work aims to evaluate vegetation in the APA area, justified by the need to monitor the area. The assessment was carried out through the analysis of satellite images, using Digital Image Processing (PDI) techniques, using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The results obtained indicate that the vegetation in the studied area did not present variations related to vegetation suppression, with only variations in vegetation density being recorded, which may be related to variations in rainfall rates

DETERMINATION OF EVAPOTRANSPIRATION AND CROP COEFFICIENT FOR CAULIFLOWER AT PARANÁ NORTHWEST REGION

Evapotranspiration and the estimation of crop coefficient (Kc) are essential information for irrigation management, contributing to increase the water use efficiency and optimizing resources, mainly using local data. This study aimed to determine the water consumption and the crop coefficient of cauliflower (Barcelona hybrid) in the northwestern region of Paraná. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Technical Irrigation Center belonging to the State University of Maringá, in Maringá - PR. The crop evapotranspiration was determined using constant water table lysimeters, and the reference evapotranspiration was estimated by the Penman-Monteith method (FAO), using climatological data collected in an automatic meteorological station. The cultivation was carried out from April to July. The total water consumption by the cauliflower was 215.11 mm, a higher value than that available in the FAO recommendations. The crop coefficient (Kc) recommended values for local conditions are 0.74 for the initial stage, 1.86 for the intermediate stage, and 1.50 for the final stage

Necessidade hídrica e taxa de desenvolvimento dos frutos do meloeiro Cantaloupe cultivado no verão-outono

The knowledge regarding the crop water demand and its vegetative development is the basis for anyagronomic scientific research. This study determined evapotranspiration, crop coefficient, fruit growth rate,stem, and photosynthetic activities of the melon. The experiment was conducted in a protected environment at the Technical Irrigation Center (CTI) of the Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) in Maringá-Pr. The hybrid used was the melon Cantaloupe Torreon grown vertically. Irrigation was carried out via drip based on accumulated evapotranspiration. Reference evapotranspiration was estimated by the Penman-Monteith-FAO method using data from an automatic weather station, and crop evapotranspiration was measured using constant groundwater lysimeters. Caliper performed measurements of the plant’s lap and fruit in formation. The SPAD index measurements occurred on the third leaf of the main stem and the leaf closest to the fruit. The melon’s water demand was 388.16 mm. The crop coefficient values obtained were: 0.95, 1.03, and 0.99 for the initial, intermediate, and final stages. The growth rate of the cervix increased from 7 mm to 35th day after transplantation. In 14 days, the equatorial growth of the fruit was 98 mm. The SPAD index registered a maximum of 105 for the third leaf and 112 for the fruit leaf.O conhecimento referente a demanda hídrica da cultura, assim como a compreensão de seu desenvolvimento vegetativo é a base para qualquer pesquisa científica agronômica. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo determinar a evapotranspiração, coeficiente da cultura, taxa de crescimento do fruto, caule e atividades fotossintéticas do meloeiro. O experimento foi conduzido em ambiente protegido no Centro Técnico de Irrigação (CTI) da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), em Maringá-Pr. O híbrido utilizado foi o melão Cantaloupe Torreon conduzido verticalmente. A irrigação foi realizada via gotejo com base na evapotranspiração acumulada. A evapotranspiração de referência foi estimada pelo método de Penman-Monteith-FAO utilizando dados de uma estação meteorológica automática e a evapotranspiração da cultura foi mensurada utilizando lisímetros. As aferições do colo da planta e do fruto em formação foram realizadas por paquímetro. As aferições do índice SPAD ocorreram na terceira folha da haste principal e na folha mais próxima do fruto. A demanda hídrica do meloeiro foi de 388,16 mm. Os valores do coeficiente da cultura obtidos foram: 0,95; 1,03 e 0,99 para os estádios inicial, intermediário e final. A taxa de crescimento do colo teve aumento de 7 mm até o 35° dia após o transplante. Em 14 dias o crescimento equatorial do fruto foi de 98 mm. O índice SPAD registrou máxima de 105 para a terceira folha e máxima de 112 para a folha do fruto

Eficiência da utilização de água e energia na produção de tomate em diferentes condições hídricas

The efficient use of water and energy is fundamental to a sustainable agricultural practice. Deficit irrigationscan contribute to saving water and energetic resources. This work aimed at analyzing the influence of waterreposition in the water and energy efficiency use for growing tomato cocktail type tomato. The experiment wasconducted in vegetation house, and the randomized design was adopted with five levels of water reposition(25, 50, 75, 100 and 125% of evapotranspiration in culture (ETc)) and six repetitions. The morphological contentswere evaluated (number of bunches, number of abortions, fresh mass of aerial part, stem diameter and height),SPAD index (Soil Plant Analysis Development), water demand, productivity, energy use and energy productivity.Data were analyzed through variance analysis, average comparison, regression analysis and correlation. Waterdeficit affects growth, development and productivity of cocktail type tomato. The morphological developmentand the production yield show high correlation with water availability. The water replacement of 75% of ETc hasshown better efficiency in water and electricity use in growing cocktail type tomato.A utilização eficiente da água e da energia é primordial para uma prática agrícola sustentável. Irrigações deficitárias podem contribuir para economia dos recursos hídricos e energéticos. O objetivo do trabalho foi analisar o efeito da reposição hídrica na eficiência da utilização da água e da energia no cultivo de tomate tipo coquetel. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, sendo adotado delineamento casualizado com cinco níveis de reposição hídrica (25, 50, 75, 100 e 125% da evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc)) e seis repetições. Foram avaliados componentes morfológicos (número de cachos, número de abortos, massa fresca da parte aérea, diâmetro do caule e altura), índice SPAD (Soil Plant Analysis Development), demanda hídrica, produtividade, uso de energia e produtividade energética. Os dados foram analisados por análise de variância, comparação de médias, análise de regressão e correlação. O desenvolvimento morfológico e o rendimento produtivo apresentaram elevada correlação com a disponibilidade hídrica. O déficit hídrico afetou o crescimento, desenvolvimento e a produtividade do tomate. A lâmina de 75% da ETc demonstrou melhor eficiência da utilização da água e de energia

NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES: A dataset of occurrence and abundance of freshwater fishes in the Neotropics

The Neotropical region hosts 4225 freshwater fish species, ranking first among the world's most diverse regions for freshwater fishes. Our NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set is the first to produce a large-scale Neotropical freshwater fish inventory, covering the entire Neotropical region from Mexico and the Caribbean in the north to the southern limits in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. We compiled 185,787 distribution records, with unique georeferenced coordinates, for the 4225 species, represented by occurrence and abundance data. The number of species for the most numerous orders are as follows: Characiformes (1289), Siluriformes (1384), Cichliformes (354), Cyprinodontiformes (245), and Gymnotiformes (135). The most recorded species was the characid Astyanax fasciatus (4696 records). We registered 116,802 distribution records for native species, compared to 1802 distribution records for nonnative species. The main aim of the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set was to make these occurrence and abundance data accessible for international researchers to develop ecological and macroecological studies, from local to regional scales, with focal fish species, families, or orders. We anticipate that the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set will be valuable for studies on a wide range of ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, fishery pressure, the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation, and the impacts of species invasion and climate change. There are no copyright restrictions on the data, and please cite this data paper when using the data in publications