Angiogenesis Markers Quantification in Breast Cancer and Their Correlation with Clinicopathological Prognostic Variables

Tumoural angiogenesis is essential for the growth and spread of breast cancer cells. Therefore the aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic performance of angiogenesis markers in tumours and there reflecting levels in serum of breast cancer patients. Angiogenin, Ang2, fibroblast growth factor basic, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), platelet-derived growth factor-BB, and VEGF-A were measured using a FASTQuant angiogenic growth factor multiplex protein assay. We observed that breast cancer tumours exhibited high levels of PDGF-BB, bFGF and VEGF, and extremely high levels of TIMP-1 and Ang-2, whereas in serum we found significantly higher levels of Ang-2, PDGF-BB, bFGF, ICAM-1 and VEGF in patients with breast cancer compared to the benign breast diseases patients. Moreover, some of these angiogenesis markers evaluated in tumour and serum of breast cancer patients exhibited association with standard clinical parameters, ER status as well as MVD of tumours. Angiogenesis markers play important roles in tumour growth, invasion and metastasis. Our results suggest that analysis of angiogenesis markers in tumour and serum of breast cancer patients using multiplex protein assay can improve diagnosis and prognosis in this diseases

Measurement of differential cross-sections of a top quark produced in association with a W boson at √s=13 TeV with ATLAS

The differential cross-section for the production of a W boson in association with a top quark is measured for several particle-level observables. The measurements are performed using 36.1fb−1 of pp collision data collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC in 2015 and 2016. Differential cross-sections are measured in a fiducial phase space defined by the presence of two charged leptons and exactly one jet matched to a b-hadron, and are normalised with the fiducial cross-section. Results are found to be in good agreement with predictions from several Monte Carlo event generators

Measurement of colour flow using jet-pull observables in in t(t)over-bar events with the ATLAS experiment at root s=13TeV

Previous studies have shown that weighted angular moments derived from jet constituents encode the colour connections between partons that seed the jets. This paper presents measurements of two such distributions, the jet-pull angle and jet-pull magnitude, both of which are derived from the jet-pull angular moment. The measurement is performed in tt¯ events with one leptonically decaying W boson and one hadronically decaying W boson, using 36.1fb−1 of pp collision data recorded by the ATLAS detector at s√=13TeV delivered by the Large Hadron Collider. The observables are measured for two dijet systems, corresponding to the colour-connected daughters of the W boson and the two b-jets from the top-quark decays, which are not expected to be colour connected. To allow the comparison of the measured distributions to colour model predictions, the measured distributions are unfolded to particle level, after correcting for experimental effects introduced by the detector. While good agreement can be found for some combinations of predictions and observables, none of the predictions describes the data well across all observables

Diagnostic value of the PSA subfractions, acid phosphatase and creatine kinase isoenzymes in prostate cancer

Prostate cancer is the second frequent cause of cancer among men. Prostate Specific Antigen ( PSA) is used widely for the diagnosis and during the follow-up of the patients as well as to distinguish prostatic hyperplasia from prostate cancer. However, PSA values above the reference range may be found also in nonmalignant conditions. Conversely, not all prostate cancers give rise to an elevated serum PSA concentration, Therefore, new and reliable parameters have been investigated. The ratio of free / total PSA has been found to distinguish between prostatic hyperplasia and carcinoma. It has been suggested that creatine kinase (CK) and acid phosphatase (ACP) isoenzymes may show significant variation in prostate cancer. In this study, free and total PSA levels and CK and ACP isoenzyme levels were investigated in patients with prostate cancer and prostatic hyperplasia, A significant difference between the ACP levels was found. Total PSA values were higher in cancer patients. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for prostatic cancer was clearly increased by considering the free / total PSA ratio. A higher specificitiy was achieved by the combination of the three parameters

Evaluation of phosphohexose isomerase as a metastasis marker in breast cancer patients

In this study the value of PHI serum measurements in breast cancer as an index of metastases was investigated. Serum CA 15-3 and CEA tumor marker and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (gamma-GT) levels were also determined in groups of patients with established distant metastases or in patients on follow-up with no evidence of disease. Fifty-one female breast cancer patients were included in the study. The mean values for each parameter were higher when metastases were present. However, the difference was mostly not meaningful. The only significant difference was observed for CA 15-3. Our data do not support the usefulness of the PHI assay for early detection of the metastases in breast cancer