O Novo Estatuto da Vítima em Portugal: Sujeito ou Enfeite do Processo Penal Português?

Este artículo tiene como objetivo enmarcar y reflexionar sobre el papel de las víctimas en los procesos penales, tratando de averiguar si la víctima ha adquirido, con los cambios recientes al Código del Penal Procedimiento portugués (CPP) y la introducción de la Ley Nº 130/2015 de 4 septiembre, el estado del sujeto procesal o si por el contrario esta ley sólo fue promulgada por la transposición de directivas obligación Europea sin que él ha hecho una víctima intervenir facultad procesal real.O presente artigo visa enquadrar e refletir sobre o papel da vítima no processo penal, procurando-se indagar se a vítima adquiriu, com as recentes alterações ao Código do Processo penal português (CPP) e com a introdução da Lei nº 130/2015 de 4 de Setembro, o estatuto de sujeito processual ou se, pelo contrário esta Lei apenas foi promulgada por obrigação de transposição de diretivas europeias, sem que tenha introduzido um verdadeiro poder processual interventivo à vítima

A Ponderação da Extensão do Estatuto de Vítima aos Familiares da Vítima de Crime, em caso de Sobrevivência

Nesta breve reflexão pretendo abordar a questão da transposição da Diretiva 2012/29/EU Parlamento Europeu e do Conselho, de 25 de outubro de 2012, através da publicação da Lei nº 130/2015, de 4 de Setembro, nomeadamente no que concerne a questão do não reconhecimento e consequente impossibilidade de concessão do estatuto de vítima de crime, tal como consagrada na subalínea ii) aos familiares da vítima, em consequência de ter sido vítima de crime, no caso de sobrevivência da mesma.Para tal, irei fazer uma brevíssima resenha histórica dos direitos das vítimas na Europa, na atenção mais acurada que tem vindo a ser dada à questão das vítimas de crime nos últimos 15 anos em Portugal e na recente publicação de vários diplomas que se centram nesta questão, analisando em pormenor como esta foi introduzida no ordenamento jurídico português e como tal não correspondeu, de sua génese, à extensão da proteção das vítimas, na pessoa dos familiares designados na alínea c) do nº 1 do artº 67º-A do Código do Processo Penal, quando a vítima de crime não morre, mas fica em estado vegetativo ou impossibilitada de comunicar, de refletir ou de decidir sobre as suas circunstâncias

The object of memory and the memory of the object: refugee crisis in the news on September 2nd 2015.

This article aims to contribute on reflecting about the strict relation between an object (an image) and the memory, particularly regarding the memory in the news on September 2nd 2015 about the refugee crisis. Every year, Porto Editora (a Portuguese press company) holds a survey with ten words in order to elect the word of the year, and, for 2015, the elected one was “Refugees” (Palavra do Ano, 2015); this would be one more evidence of the impact of this issue in the news. The photo of a dead Syrian child on a beach in Turkey has become one of the most striking images of the refugee crisis in 2015. Curiously, Muerte a las puertas del paraíso (Death on paradise’s gates) was the headline exactly fifteen years ago, on September 2nd 2000, when photojournalist Javier Bauluz caught the image of a dead immigrant who tried to cross illegally, facing down the sand on a beach in Spain. In both cases, could we say the image overcomes the news? Which one is to be considered the object of the memory: the refugee crisis itself or the image of the dead Syrian child as an icon of this crisis? The theoretical framework stands on a threefold argument: 1. Object, memory and discourse; 2. The memory of the news; 3. Europe, migration and refugee crisis. Finally, two interviews were undertaken (as part of the pilot study) in order to verify if the memory of the object were sufficient enough to turn it into the object of the memory, as well as, whether one’s memory were somehow relevant to establish a collective memory

Portuguese Pinus nigra J.F. Arnold populations: genetic diversity, structure and relationships inferred by SSR markers

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Multiple Myeloma Treatment in Real-world Clinical Practice : Results of a Prospective, Multinational, Noninterventional Study

Funding Information: The authors would like to thank all patients and their families and all the EMMOS investigators for their valuable contributions to the study. The authors would like to acknowledge Robert Olie for his significant contribution to the EMMOS study. Writing support during the development of our report was provided by Laura Mulcahy and Catherine Crookes of FireKite, an Ashfield company, a part of UDG Healthcare plc, which was funded by Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc, and Janssen Global Services, LLC. The EMMOS study was supported by research funding from Janssen Pharmaceutical NV and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Funding Information: The authors would like to thank all patients and their families and all the EMMOS investigators for their valuable contributions to the study. The authors would like to acknowledge Robert Olie for his significant contribution to the EMMOS study. Writing support during the development of our report was provided by Laura Mulcahy and Catherine Crookes of FireKite, an Ashfield company, a part of UDG Healthcare plc, which was funded by Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc, and Janssen Global Services, LLC. The EMMOS study was supported by research funding from Janssen Pharmaceutical NV and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Funding Information: M.M. has received personal fees from Janssen, Celgene, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Sanofi, Novartis, and Takeda and grants from Janssen and Sanofi during the conduct of the study. E.T. has received grants from Janssen and personal fees from Janssen and Takeda during the conduct of the study, and grants from Amgen, Celgene/Genesis, personal fees from Amgen, Celgene/Genesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis, and Glaxo-Smith Kline outside the submitted work. M.V.M. has received personal fees from Janssen, Celgene, Amgen, and Takeda outside the submitted work. M.C. reports honoraria from Janssen, outside the submitted work. M. B. reports grants from Janssen Cilag during the conduct of the study. M.D. has received honoraria for participation on advisory boards for Janssen, Celgene, Takeda, Amgen, and Novartis. H.S. has received honoraria from Janssen-Cilag, Celgene, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis, and Takeda outside the submitted work. V.P. reports personal fees from Janssen during the conduct of the study and grants, personal fees, and nonfinancial support from Amgen, grants and personal fees from Sanofi, and personal fees from Takeda outside the submitted work. W.W. has received personal fees and grants from Amgen, Celgene, Novartis, Roche, Takeda, Gilead, and Janssen and nonfinancial support from Roche outside the submitted work. J.S. reports grants and nonfinancial support from Janssen Pharmaceutical during the conduct of the study. V.L. reports funding from Janssen Global Services LLC during the conduct of the study and study support from Janssen-Cilag and Pharmion outside the submitted work. A.P. reports employment and shareholding of Janssen (Johnson & Johnson) during the conduct of the study. C.C. reports employment at Janssen-Cilag during the conduct of the study. C.F. reports employment at Janssen Research and Development during the conduct of the study. F.T.B. reports employment at Janssen-Cilag during the conduct of the study. The remaining authors have stated that they have no conflicts of interest. Publisher Copyright: © 2018 The AuthorsMultiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable disease, with little information available on its management in real-world clinical practice. The results of the present prospective, noninterventional observational study revealed great diversity in the treatment regimens used to treat MM. Our results also provide data to inform health economic, pharmacoepidemiologic, and outcomes research, providing a framework for the design of protocols to improve the outcomes of patients with MM. Background: The present prospective, multinational, noninterventional study aimed to document and describe real-world treatment regimens and disease progression in multiple myeloma (MM) patients. Patients and Methods: Adult patients initiating any new MM therapy from October 2010 to October 2012 were eligible. A multistage patient/site recruitment model was applied to minimize the selection bias; enrollment was stratified by country, region, and practice type. The patient medical and disease features, treatment history, and remission status were recorded at baseline, and prospective data on treatment, efficacy, and safety were collected electronically every 3 months. Results: A total of 2358 patients were enrolled. Of these patients, 775 and 1583 did and did not undergo stem cell transplantation (SCT) at any time during treatment, respectively. Of the patients in the SCT and non-SCT groups, 49%, 21%, 14%, and 15% and 57%, 20%, 12% and 10% were enrolled at treatment line 1, 2, 3, and ≥ 4, respectively. In the SCT and non-SCT groups, 45% and 54% of the patients had received bortezomib-based therapy without thalidomide/lenalidomide, 12% and 18% had received thalidomide/lenalidomide-based therapy without bortezomib, and 30% and 4% had received bortezomib plus thalidomide/lenalidomide-based therapy as frontline treatment, respectively. The corresponding proportions of SCT and non-SCT patients in lines 2, 3, and ≥ 4 were 45% and 37%, 30% and 37%, and 12% and 3%, 33% and 27%, 35% and 32%, and 8% and 2%, and 27% and 27%, 27% and 23%, and 6% and 4%, respectively. In the SCT and non-SCT patients, the overall response rate was 86% to 97% and 64% to 85% in line 1, 74% to 78% and 59% to 68% in line 2, 55% to 83% and 48% to 60% in line 3, and 49% to 65% and 36% and 45% in line 4, respectively, for regimens that included bortezomib and/or thalidomide/lenalidomide. Conclusion: The results of our prospective study have revealed great diversity in the treatment regimens used to manage MM in real-life practice. This diversity was linked to factors such as novel agent accessibility and evolving treatment recommendations. Our results provide insight into associated clinical benefits.publishersversionPeer reviewe

Association of respiratory symptoms and lung function with occupation in the multinational Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study

Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has been associated with exposures in the workplace. We aimed to assess the association of respiratory symptoms and lung function with occupation in the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study. Methods We analysed cross-sectional data from 28 823 adults (≥40 years) in 34 countries. We considered 11 occupations and grouped them by likelihood of exposure to organic dusts, inorganic dusts and fumes. The association of chronic cough, chronic phlegm, wheeze, dyspnoea, forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/FVC with occupation was assessed, per study site, using multivariable regression. These estimates were then meta-analysed. Sensitivity analyses explored differences between sexes and gross national income. Results Overall, working in settings with potentially high exposure to dusts or fumes was associated with respiratory symptoms but not lung function differences. The most common occupation was farming. Compared to people not working in any of the 11 considered occupations, those who were farmers for ≥20 years were more likely to have chronic cough (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.19–1.94), wheeze (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.16–1.63) and dyspnoea (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.53–2.20), but not lower FVC (β=0.02 L, 95% CI −0.02–0.06 L) or lower FEV1/FVC (β=0.04%, 95% CI −0.49–0.58%). Some findings differed by sex and gross national income. Conclusion At a population level, the occupational exposures considered in this study do not appear to be major determinants of differences in lung function, although they are associated with more respiratory symptoms. Because not all work settings were included in this study, respiratory surveillance should still be encouraged among high-risk dusty and fume job workers, especially in low- and middle-income countries.publishedVersio

European contribution to the study of ROS: A summary of the findings and prospects for the future from the COST action BM1203 (EU-ROS).

The European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) provides an ideal framework to establish multi-disciplinary research networks. COST Action BM1203 (EU-ROS) represents a consortium of researchers from different disciplines who are dedicated to providing new insights and tools for better understanding redox biology and medicine and, in the long run, to finding new therapeutic strategies to target dysregulated redox processes in various diseases. This report highlights the major achievements of EU-ROS as well as research updates and new perspectives arising from its members. The EU-ROS consortium comprised more than 140 active members who worked together for four years on the topics briefly described below. The formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) is an established hallmark of our aerobic environment and metabolism but RONS also act as messengers via redox regulation of essential cellular processes. The fact that many diseases have been found to be associated with oxidative stress established the theory of oxidative stress as a trigger of diseases that can be corrected by antioxidant therapy. However, while experimental studies support this thesis, clinical studies still generate controversial results, due to complex pathophysiology of oxidative stress in humans. For future improvement of antioxidant therapy and better understanding of redox-associated disease progression detailed knowledge on the sources and targets of RONS formation and discrimination of their detrimental or beneficial roles is required. In order to advance this important area of biology and medicine, highly synergistic approaches combining a variety of diverse and contrasting disciplines are needed.The EU-ROS consortium (COST Action BM1203) was supported by the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST). The present overview represents the final Action dissemination summarizing the major achievements of COST Action BM1203 (EU-ROS) as well as research news and personal views of its members. Some authors were also supported by COST Actions BM1005 (ENOG) and BM1307 (PROTEOSTASIS), as well as funding from the European Commission FP7 and H2020 programmes, and several national funding agencies

Cohort Profile: Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study

The Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study was established to assess the prevalence of chronic airflow obstruction, a key characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and its risk factors in adults (≥40 years) from general populations across the world. The baseline study was conducted between 2003 and 2016, in 41 sites across Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, the Caribbean and Oceania, and collected high-quality pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry from 28 828 participants. The follow-up study was conducted between 2019 and 2021, in 18 sites across Africa, Asia, Europe and the Caribbean. At baseline, there were in these sites 12 502 participants with high-quality spirometry. A total of 6452 were followed up, with 5936 completing the study core questionnaire. Of these, 4044 also provided high-quality pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry. On both occasions, the core questionnaire covered information on respiratory symptoms, doctor diagnoses, health care use, medication use and ealth status, as well as potential risk factors. Information on occupation, environmental exposures and diet was also collected

Imigração, 'Crimigração' e Crime Violento - Os Reclusos Condenados e as Representações sobre Imigração e Crime

Tese de doutoramento em Direito, Justiça e Cidadania no Século XXI, apresentada à Faculdade de Economia da Universidade de CoimbraAs migrações, sendo movimentos de pessoas que se deslocam em determinada altura no tempo, procurando outros destinos, implicam alterações sociais, culturais e comportamentais e envolvem a transposição das heranças histórico-culturais dos migrantes para as sociedades dos países de acolhimento. Em Portugal, a imigração tornou-se mais visível a partir do início do século XXI, com os programas de regularização extraordinária de estrangeiros. Em outros países, de maior tradição migratória, e em que os estudos sobre imigração e crime trouxeram visões antagónicas sobre uma eventual correlação entre ambas variáveis, foram implementadas políticas que restringiram o acesso dos migrantes a direitos de cidadania. O exemplo mais paradigmático vem dos EUA, onde foram implementadas as políticas públicas da ‘Crimigração’, que fizeram convergir a aplicação do Direito Criminal e da Lei de Imigração ao serviço da exclusão dos imigrantes, quer através da segregação pela sua condenação e reclusão, quer pelo afastamento dos indivíduos daquele país. Procurei verificar a existência de políticas e práticas crimigratórias em Portugal, tendo verificado, pelo contrário, que Portugal se destaca como um dos países com mais medidas de integração de imigrantes, constatando-se apenas uma prática policial atenta e seletiva e uma prática judicial de uma maior aplicação de prisão preventiva, bem como de condenação a pena de prisão, a indivíduos não nacionais, o que contribui para o sobrerepresentação dos mesmos nas estatísticas da justiça. Nesse contexto, analiso o Crime Violento em Portugal, estabelecendo os crimes de homicídio, roubo, ofensas à integridade física e violação como objeto de investigação, procurando através das variáveis dos reclusos condenados em Portugal, entre os anos de 2002 e de 2011, encontrar dados que evidenciem a intervenção de quatro grupos de indivíduos não nacionais na prática destes quatro crimes: os imigrantes, os circulantes de países terceiros, os euromigrantes e os visitantes de países da UE. O estudo efetuado não comprova nenhuma relação entre imigração e crime violento, à exceção do crime de roubo, em que existe uma crescente sobrerrepresentação de indivíduos não nacionais. Concluo o estudo através da análise das representações dos discursos dos atores institucionais, ativistas das ONGs, e dos relatórios de segurança interna do Estado, de modo a analisar o fundamento dos crimes violentos terem sido, nos últimos anos, indevidamente associados aos imigrantes.Migrations, being a movement of people in a certain period of time, looking for new destinations, involve social, cultural and behavioral changes and involve the transposition of the historical and cultural heritage of migrants to the host societies. In Portugal, immigration has become more visible since the beginning of the century, with the regularization programs for foreigners. In countries with a mostly migratory background where studies on immigration and crime revealed new and conflicting views on a possible correlation between the two variables, policies were implemented to restrict access of migrants to citizenship rights. The most typical example is the USA, where public policies were implemented through 'Crimmigration': which merges the application of criminal law and immigration law and results in excluding immigrants, either by segregation, by convictions and imprisonments, or by the removal of the individuals from that country. In this investigation I sought to verify the existence of crimmigratory policies and practices in Portugal and found, however, that Portugal stands out as one of the countries with better immigrant integration measures. The findings indicate careful and selective policing and judicial practices of an increased application of preventive detention and sentencing to imprisonment, upon non-nationals which contributes to their overrepresentation in the justice statistics. In this context, an analysis was conducted on Violent Crime in Portugal, with the crimes of murder, robbery, bodily harm and rape as the research objects. The study examined the variables of inmates convicted in Portugal, between 2002 and 2011, looking for data on four classes of non-nationals: immigrants, third countries circulating individuals, euromigrantes and visitors from EU countries. The analysis did not reveal any significant relationship between immigration and violent crime, with the exception of robbery, where there is a growing overrepresentation of nonnationals. The investigation concludes with an analysis of the speeches of institutional actors, NGO activists, and the internal security reports, in order to assess whether there have been increasing incidences of rhetoric that wrongfully associates immigrants and violent crimes