103 research outputs found
Precision measurement of violation in the penguin-mediated decay
A flavor-tagged time-dependent angular analysis of the decay
is performed using collision data collected
by the LHCb experiment at % at TeV, the center-of-mass energy of
13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 6 fb^{-1}. The
-violating phase and direct -violation parameter are measured
to be rad and
, respectively, assuming the same values
for all polarization states of the system. In these results, the
first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. These parameters
are also determined separately for each polarization state, showing no evidence
for polarization dependence. The results are combined with previous LHCb
measurements using collisions at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV,
yielding rad and . This is the most precise study of time-dependent violation
in a penguin-dominated meson decay. The results are consistent with
symmetry and with the Standard Model predictions.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and
additional information, are available at
https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2023-001.html (LHCb
public pages
Measurement of the differential branching fraction
The branching fraction of the rare decay is measured for the first time, in the squared dimuon mass
intervals, , excluding the and regions. The data
sample analyzed was collected by the LHCb experiment at center-of-mass energies
of 7, 8, and 13 TeV, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of $9\
\mathrm{fb}^{-1}q^{2}q^{2} >15.0\
\mathrm{GeV}^2/c^4$, where theoretical predictions have the smallest model
dependence, agrees with the predictions.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and
additional information, are available at
https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-050.html (LHCb
public pages
Pooled analysis of WHO Surgical Safety Checklist use and mortality after emergency laparotomy
Background The World Health Organization (WHO) Surgical Safety Checklist has fostered safe practice for 10 years, yet its place in emergency surgery has not been assessed on a global scale. The aim of this study was to evaluate reported checklist use in emergency settings and examine the relationship with perioperative mortality in patients who had emergency laparotomy. Methods In two multinational cohort studies, adults undergoing emergency laparotomy were compared with those having elective gastrointestinal surgery. Relationships between reported checklist use and mortality were determined using multivariable logistic regression and bootstrapped simulation. Results Of 12 296 patients included from 76 countries, 4843 underwent emergency laparotomy. After adjusting for patient and disease factors, checklist use before emergency laparotomy was more common in countries with a high Human Development Index (HDI) (2455 of 2741, 89.6 per cent) compared with that in countries with a middle (753 of 1242, 60.6 per cent; odds ratio (OR) 0.17, 95 per cent c.i. 0.14 to 0.21, P <0001) or low (363 of 860, 422 per cent; OR 008, 007 to 010, P <0.001) HDI. Checklist use was less common in elective surgery than for emergency laparotomy in high-HDI countries (risk difference -94 (95 per cent c.i. -11.9 to -6.9) per cent; P <0001), but the relationship was reversed in low-HDI countries (+121 (+7.0 to +173) per cent; P <0001). In multivariable models, checklist use was associated with a lower 30-day perioperative mortality (OR 0.60, 0.50 to 073; P <0.001). The greatest absolute benefit was seen for emergency surgery in low- and middle-HDI countries. Conclusion Checklist use in emergency laparotomy was associated with a significantly lower perioperative mortality rate. Checklist use in low-HDI countries was half that in high-HDI countries.Peer reviewe
Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis
Background: There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low-and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods: Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results: Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US 73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was 75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion: For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially
A remarkable synergistic effect at the transcriptomic level in peach fruits doubly infected by Prunus necrotic ringspot virus and Peach latent mosaic viroid
[EN] Background: Microarray profiling is a powerful technique to investigate expression changes of large amounts of
genes in response to specific environmental conditions. The majority of the studies investigating gene expression
changes in virus-infected plants are limited to interactions between a virus and a model host plant, which usually is
Arabidopsis thaliana or Nicotiana benthamiana. In the present work, we performed microarray profiling to explore
changes in the expression profile of field-grown Prunus persica (peach) originating from Chile upon single and
double infection with Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) and Peach latent mosaic viroid (PLMVd), worldwide
natural pathogens of peach trees.
Results: Upon single PLMVd or PNRSV infection, the number of statistically significant gene expression changes
was relatively low. By contrast, doubly-infected fruits presented a high number of differentially regulated genes.
Among these, down-regulated genes were prevalent. Functional categorization of the gene expression changes
upon double PLMVd and PNRSV infection revealed protein modification and degradation as the functional category
with the highest percentage of repressed genes whereas induced genes encoded mainly proteins related to
phosphate, C-compound and carbohydrate metabolism and also protein modification. Overrepresentation analysis
upon double infection with PLMVd and PNRSV revealed specific functional categories over- and underrepresented
among the repressed genes indicating active counter-defense mechanisms of the pathogens during infection.
Conclusions: Our results identify a novel synergistic effect of PLMVd and PNRSV on the transcriptome of peach
fruits. We demonstrate that mixed infections, which occur frequently in field conditions, result in a more complex
transcriptional response than that observed in single infections. Thus, our data demonstrate for the first time that
the simultaneous infection of a viroid and a plant virus synergistically affect the host transcriptome in infected
peach fruits. These field studies can help to fully understand plant-pathogen interactions and to develop
appropriate crop protection strategies.We thank Drs M.A. Perez-Amador y J. Gadea for helping in the result analysis. This work was supported by grant BIO2011-25018 from the Spanish granting agency Direccion General de Investigacion Cientifica for the transcriptomic analyses and from the grant 2009CL0020 from the bilateral project INIA-Chile/CSIC-Spain for the phytosanitary evaluation. MC Herranz was the recipient of a contract from the Juan de la Cierva program of the Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia of Spain.Herranz Gordo, MDC.; Niehl, A.; Rosales, M.; Fiore, N.; Zamorano, A.; Granell Richart, A.; PallĂĄs Benet, V. (2013). A remarkable synergistic effect at the transcriptomic level in peach fruits doubly infected by Prunus necrotic ringspot virus and Peach latent mosaic viroid. Virology Journal. 10:11-15. https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-422X-10-164S111510Pallas V, Garcia JA: How do plant viruses induce disease? Interactions and interference with host components. 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Experimental infection model for vibriosis in Dover sole (Solea solea) larvae as an aid in studying its pathogenesis and alternative treatments
Angular Analysis of the B+ -> K*(+)mu(+) mu(-) Decay
We present an angular analysis of the
B
+
â
K
*
+
(
â
K
0
S
Ï
+
)
Ό
+
Ό
â
decay using
9
â
â
fb
â
1
of
p
p
collision data collected with the LHCb experiment. For the first time, the full set of
C
P
-averaged angular observables is measured in intervals of the dimuon invariant mass squared. Local deviations from standard model predictions are observed, similar to those in previous LHCb analyses of the isospin-partner
B
0
â
K
*
0
Ό
+
Ό
â
decay. The global tension is dependent on which effective couplings are considered and on the choice of theory nuisance parameters
Precise determination of the B-s(0)-B-s(-0) oscillation frequency
Mesons comprising a beauty quark and a strange quark can oscillate between
particle (B0s) and antiparticle (B0s) flavour eigenstates, with a frequency
given by the mass difference between heavy and light mass eigenstates, deltams.
Here we present ameasurement of deltams using B0s2DsPi decays produced in
proton-proton collisions collected with the LHCb detector at the Large Hadron
Collider. The oscillation frequency is found to be deltams = 17.7683 +- 0.0051
+- 0.0032 ps-1, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second
systematic. This measurement improves upon the current deltams precision by a
factor of two. We combine this result with previous LHCb measurements to
determine deltams = 17.7656 +- 0.0057 ps-1, which is the legacy measurement of
the original LHCb detector.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and
additional information, are available at
https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2021-005.html (LHCb
public pages
- âŠ