A REVIEW OF FORMULATIONS TO DESIGN AN ADHESIVE SINGLE-LAP JOINT FOR USE IN MARINE APPLICATIONS

The single adhesive joint has many applications in the shipbuilding industry, where it offers the advantage of joining materials (adherents) with different properties and characteristics using an adhesive. However, one disadvantage of this type of joint is the stress concentration at the ends of the joint, which directly affect the adhesive. Another disadvantage is the possible difference between the coefficients of thermal expansion of the adherents of the joint. Through compilation and classification of the formulas found in various publications, this study presents a state-of-the-art review of an adhesive single-lap joint that can be used in marine applications. It will consider the types of materials used as the adhesive and as the adherents, the possibility of varying the thicknesses of the adherents and the thickness of the adhesive, and the recommended design factors for each proposed methodology. This study proposes formulas to estimate the stresses for joints with balanced thicknesses and extrapolates the results for non-balanced joints; also, an equation is derived to calculate the minimum overlap joint length for ship lengthening, allowing the design process to be simplified. The results are expected to facilitate the design of single-lap joints in marine applications, such as reinforcing composite panels and lengthening of hulls and superstructures

Análisis de eficiencia entre una losa maciza y una losa prenova Nueva Esperanza, Huaraz - 2018

El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo por objetivo principal determinar la eficiencia sísmica de una edificación al sustituir una losa maciza por una losa prenova, Se identifico el problema de que la losa maciza es un elemento estructural con un comportamiento sísmico muy eficiente según los análisis, diseño y según proceso constructivo. Sin embargo, presenta una problemática al momento de cubrir grandes luces. Aumenta el peso, los materiales, mano de obra y también el costo.Por tanto, esta investigación considero solucionarel problema de la losa maciza al cubrir grandes luces sin perder la eficiencia, por lo cual la solución a este problema es alivianar la losa maciza usando un material que cuente con un peso muy ligero, logrando así reducir el peso, mano de obra y costos La metodología aplicada fue de investigación tecnológica, aplicativa descriptiva con una población y muestra conformada por una edificación con concreto armado con losa maciza en su totalidad sustituida por losa prenova en su totalidad.Se identificó el problema ¿Cuál es el impacto de sustituir una losa maciza por una losa prenova en la eficiencia sísmica de una edificación?, la cual tuvo como hipótesis al sustituir una losa maciza por una losa prenova el impacto frente a la eficiencia sísmica mejora, de lo cual se obtuvo los resultados para losa prenova con 0.56 cm de deflexión, se concluye que las edificaciones con losa prenova tienen un mejor comportamiento y el costo se ve reducido a un 2.57% por m2 en la losaTesi

Diseño e Implementación de Soluciones Integradas LAN – WAN

En el trabajo que se presenta se desarrolla 2 topologías de acuerdo a unas especificaciones claras que se nos entrega y gracias a los cuales profundizaremos en los temas tratados a lo largo del diplomado de CCNA. El presente trabajo tal como lo vamos a ver se desarrollar desde cero, vamos a ver cada uno de los dispositivos y sus interfaces con el fin de poder adecuar cada uno de ellos a nuestras necesidades. Las guías son claras y nos muestran exactamente qué es lo que necesitamos de cada una de las 2 topologías. El desarrollo y la implementación lo hare paso a paso y documentando cada uno de ellos con el fin de ser lo más explicativos posible y de esta manera poder tomar las medidas necesarias de acuerdo a las necesidades que se tiene. Dentro de la guía se nos entregan una serie de necesidades bien claras, y cada una de ellas la debemos satisfacer indicando el proceso que se hace para poderlo culminar, debemos tener en cuenta que en cada caso se hace una proyección con el fin de poder ampliar nuestra red hacia futuro.In the work that is presented, 2 topologies are developed according to specific ones that are given to us and thanks to them we will delve into the topics discussed throughout the CCNA diploma course. The present work as we are going to see it is developed from scratch, we are going to see each of the devices and their interfaces in order to be able to adapt each of them to our needs. The guides are clear and require us exactly what we need from each of the 2 topologies. The development and implementation I will do step by step and documenting each of them in order to be as explanatory as possible and in this way to be able to take the necessary measures according to the needs. Within the guide we are given a series of very clear needs, each of them we must satisfy indicating the process that is done to be able to complete it, we must bear in mind that in each case a projection is made in order to expand our network towards future

Coldmax

El presente proyecto sobre la producción y comercialización de congeladoras ecológicas, dirigido a micro y pequeñas empresas ubicadas en la selva peruana, busca ofrecer al mercado una alternativa diferente a precio razonable, mediante la oferta de congeladoras ecológicas, diseñadas y elaboradas tomando en cuenta las necesidades de los distribuidores y clientes finales. De esta manera, se busca ofrecer al mercado un producto alineados las necesidades existentes y diferenciadas de la competencia. A lo largo del presente documento , se ira detallando la estrategia para competir en el mercado frente a los competidores, las necesidades identificadas con respecto a las congeladoras, la demanda de productos, los atributos más valorados por el mercado y el proceso de diseño, producción y comercialización . La inversión estimada para llevar a cabo este proyecto empresarial ha sido calculada en S/.99, 415.94 soles, de los cuales se financiara el 20%. Los indicadores de rentabilidad como el TIR son superiores a otras alternativas de inversión que pueda tener un inversionista en un banco. Por lo que, resulta interesante conocer más a fondo esta oportunidad de inversión. Lo invitamos estimado lector a conocer más sobre esta propuesta de inversión.The present project on the production and commercialization of ecological freezers, directed to micro and small companies located in the Peruvian jungle, seeks to offer the market a different alternative at a reasonable price, through the offer of ecological freezers, designed and elaborated taking into account the needs of distributors and final customers. In this way, the aim is to offer the market a product aligned with the existing needs and differentiated from the competition. Throughout this document, we will be detailing the strategy to compete in the market against competitors, the needs identified with regard to freezers, the demand for products, the attributes most valued by the market and the process of design, production and marketing. The estimated investment to carry out this business project has been calculated at S / .99, 415.94 soles, of which 20% will be financed. Profitability indicators such as the IRR are superior to other investment alternatives that an investor in a bank may have. Therefore, it is interesting to know more about this investment opportunity. We invite you dear reader to know more about this investment proposal.Trabajo de investigació

Predictions for s-Wave and p-Wave Heavy Baryons from Sum Rules and Constituent Quark Model (I): Strong Interactions

We study the strong interactions of the L=1 orbitally excited baryons with one heavy quark in the framework of the Heavy Hadron Chiral Perturbation Theory. To leading order in the heavy mass expansion, the interaction Lagrangian describing the couplings of these states among themselves and with the ground state heavy baryons contains 46 unknown couplings. We derive sum rules analogous to the Adler-Weisberger sum rule which constrain these couplings and relate them to the couplings of the s-wave heavy baryons. Using a spin 3/2 baryon as a target, we find a sum rule expressing the deviation from the quark model prediction for pion couplings to s-wave states in terms of couplings of the p-wave states. In the constituent quark model these couplings are related and can be expressed in terms of only two reduced matrix elements. Using recent CLEO data on $\Sigma_c^{*}$ and $\Lambda_{c1}^+$ strong decays, we determine some of the unknown couplings in the chiral Lagrangian and the two quark model reduced matrix elements. Specific predictions are made for the decay properties of all L=1 charmed baryons.Comment: 50 pages, REVTeX with 4 included figures; predictions for additional decay modes included; 1 reference adde

Effect of sex pheromone emission on the attraction of Lobesia botrana

Since the discovery of Lobesia botrana Denis & Schiffermüller (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) sex pheromone, it has played an important role in the control and detection of this pest, for example, through the use of pheromone-baited traps and mating disruption techniques. Rubber septa are the most common pheromone dispensers used in monitoring traps, but often dispenser performance is not optimized. The key to improve methods based on pheromones as attractants (monitoring, mass trapping, or ‘attract and kill’) is to know the optimum emission interval, because release rates can strongly affect the attraction. In this work, five levels of pheromone load with different release rates were compared in traps using mesoporous pheromone dispensers to investigate the optimum release rate maximizing L. botrana catches. Residual pheromone loads of the dispensers were extracted and quantified by gas chromatography, to study release profiles and to estimate the various emission levels. The efficacy of pheromone emission was measured in field trials as number of moths caught. A quadratic model was fitted to relate the numbers caught vs. the daily emission rates. The resulting quadratic term was statistically significant, confirming the existence of a relative maximum for L. botrana catches. Taking into account that the trial was carried out only in one location, an optimum emission value of ca. 400 μg per day could be considered to enhance the attraction of L. botrana under West-Mediterranean weather conditions.© 2011 The Authors. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata © 2011 The Netherlands Entomological Society.Vacas González, S.; Alfaro Cañamás, C.; Zarzo Castelló, M.; Navarro-Llopis, V.; Primo Millo, J. (2011). Effect of sex pheromone emission on the attraction of Lobesia botrana. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. 139(3):250-257. doi:10.1111/j.1570-7458.2011.01124.xS2502571393Anshelevich, L., Kehat, M., Dunkelblum, E., & Greenberg, S. (1994). Sex Pheromone Traps for Monitoring the European Vine Moth,Lobesia botrana: Effect of Dispenser Type, Pheromone Dose, Field Aging of Dispenser, and Type of Trap on Male Captures. Phytoparasitica, 22(4), 281-290. doi:10.1007/bf02980529Arn, H., Rauscher, S., Guerin, P., & Buser, H.-R. (1988). Sex pheromone blends of three tortricid pests in European vineyards. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 21(1-2), 111-117. doi:10.1016/0167-8809(88)90143-0Bradley, S. J., Suckling, D. M., McNaughton, K. G., Wearing, C. H., & Karg, G. (1995). A temperature-dependent model for predicting release rates of pheromone from a polyethylene tubing dispenser. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 21(6), 745-760. doi:10.1007/bf02033458Branco, M., Jactel, H., Silva, E. B., Binazzi, A., & Mendel, Z. (2004). Effect of trap design, trap size and pheromone dose on male capture of two pine bast scales species (Hemiptera: Matsucoccidae): implications for monitoring and mass-trapping. Agricultural and Forest Entomology, 6(3), 233-239. doi:10.1111/j.1461-9555.2004.00219.xCork, A., Alam, S. N., Das, A., Das, C. S., Ghosh, G. C., Farman, D. I., … Srinivasan, K. (2001). Journal of Chemical Ecology, 27(9), 1867-1877. doi:10.1023/a:1010416927282Corma A Muñoz-Pallares J Primo-Yufera E 1999 Production of semiochemical emitters having a controlled emission speed which are based on inorganic molecular sievesCorma A Muñoz-Pallares J Primo-Yufera E 2000 Emitter of semiochemical substances supported on a sepiolite, preparation process and applicationsCritchley, B. R., Hall, D. R., Farman, D. I., McVeigh, L. J., Mulaa, M. A. O. A., & Kalama, P. (1997). Monitoring and mating disruption of the maize stalkborer, Busseola fusca, in Kenya with pheromones. Crop Protection, 16(6), 541-548. doi:10.1016/s0261-2194(97)00026-4Cross, J. V., Hesketh, H., Jay, C. N., Hall, D. R., Innocenzi, P. J., Farman, D. I., & Burgess, C. M. (2006). Exploiting the aggregation pheromone of strawberry blossom weevil Anthonomus rubi Herbst (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): Part 1. Development of lure and trap. Crop Protection, 25(2), 144-154. doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2005.04.002Domínguez-Ruiz, J., Sanchis, J., Navarro-Llopis, V., & Primo, J. (2008). A New Long-Life Trimedlure Dispenser for Mediterranean Fruit Fly. Journal of Economic Entomology, 101(4), 1325-1330. doi:10.1603/0022-0493(2008)101[1325:anltdf]2.0.co;2El-Sayed, A., Gödde, J., Witzgall, P., & Arn, H. (1999). Journal of Chemical Ecology, 25(2), 389-400. doi:10.1023/a:1020811200054Evenden, M. L., Borden, J. H., Van Sickle, G. A., & Gries, G. (1995). Development of a Pheromone-Based Monitoring System for Western Hemlock Looper (Lepidoptera: Geometridae): Effect of Pheromone Dose, Lure Age, and Trap Type. Environmental Entomology, 24(4), 923-932. doi:10.1093/ee/24.4.923Franklin, A. J., & Grégoire, J.-C. (2001). Journal of Chemical Ecology, 27(12), 2425-2435. doi:10.1023/a:1013619313415Groot, P., & DeBarr, G. L. (1998). Factors affecting capture of the white pine cone beetle,Conophthorus coniperda(Schwarz) (Col., Scolytidae) in pheromone traps. Journal of Applied Entomology, 122(1-5), 281-286. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0418.1998.tb01498.xHowse, P. E., Stevens, I. D. R., & Jones, O. T. (1998). Insect Pheromones and their Use in Pest Management. doi:10.1007/978-94-011-5344-7Ideses, R., Klug, J. T., Shani, A., Gothilf, S., & Gurevitz, E. (1982). Sex pheromone of the European grapevine moth,Lobesia botrana Schiff. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae): Synthesis and effect of isomeric purity on biological activity. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 8(1), 195-200. doi:10.1007/bf00984016Ifoulis, A. A., & Savopoulou-Soultani, M. (2006). Use of Geostatistical Analysis to Characterize the Spatial Distribution ofLobesia botrana(Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Larvae in Northern Greece. Environmental Entomology, 35(2), 497-506. doi:10.1603/0046-225x-35.2.497Jacobson, M., & Beroza, M. (1964). Insect Attractants. Scientific American, 211(2), 20-27. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0864-20Jactel, H., Menassieu, P., Vétillard, F., Barthélémy, B., Piou, D., Frérot, B., … Battisti, A. (2006). Population monitoring of the pine processionary moth (Lepidoptera: Thaumetopoeidae) with pheromone-baited traps. Forest Ecology and Management, 235(1-3), 96-106. doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2006.08.002Kawazu, K., Kamimuro, T., Kamiwada, H., Nagata, K., Matsunaga, T., Sugie, H., … Tatsuki, S. (2004). Effective pheromone lures for monitoring the rice leaffolder moth, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Crop Protection, 23(7), 589-593. doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2003.11.009Kehat, M., Anshelevich, L., Dunkelblum, E., Fraishtat, P., & Greenberg, S. (1994). Sex pheromone traps for monitoring the codling moth: effect of dispenser type, field aging of dispenser, pheromone dose and type of trap on male captures. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 70(1), 55-62. doi:10.1111/j.1570-7458.1994.tb01758.xKnutson, A. E., Harris, M. K., & Millar, J. G. (1998). Effects of Pheromone Dose, Lure Age, and Trap Design on Capture of Male Pecan Nut Casebearer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Pheromone-Baited Traps. Journal of Economic Entomology, 91(3), 715-722. doi:10.1093/jee/91.3.715Kovanci, O. B., Schal, C., Walgenbach, F., & Kennedy, G. G. (2006). Effects of pheromone loading, dispenser age, and trap height on pheromone trap catches of the oriental fruit moth in apple orchards. Phytoparasitica, 34(3), 252-260. doi:10.1007/bf02980952Leonhardt, B. A., Cunningham, R. T., Rice, R. E., Harte, E. M., & Hendrichs, J. (1989). Design, Effectiveness, and Performance Criteria of Dispenser Formulations of Trimedlure, an Attractant of the Mediterranean Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 82(3), 860-867. doi:10.1093/jee/82.3.860Leonhardt, B. A., Mastro, V. C., Paszek, E. C., Schwalbe, C. P., & Devilbiss, E. D. (1990). Dependence of Gypsy Moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) Capture on Pheromone Release Rate from Laminate and Other Dispensers. Journal of Economic Entomology, 83(5), 1977-1981. doi:10.1093/jee/83.5.1977Mason, L. J., Jansson, R. K., & Heath, R. R. (1990). Sampling range of male sweetpotato weevils (Cylas formicarius elegantulus) (Summers) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to pheromone traps: Influence of pheromone dosage and lure age. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 16(8), 2493-2502. doi:10.1007/bf01017472Millar, J. G., Knudson, A. E., McElfresh, J. S., Gries, R., Gries, G., & Davis, J. H. (1996). Sex attractant pheromone of the pecan nut casebearer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, 4(3), 331-339. doi:10.1016/0968-0896(96)00010-7Murlis, J., Elkinton, J. S., & Cardé, R. T. (1992). Odor Plumes and How Insects Use Them. Annual Review of Entomology, 37(1), 505-532. doi:10.1146/annurev.en.37.010192.002445ROEHRICH, R., CARLES, J.-P., DREUILHE, A., & VONDERHEYDEN, F. (1983). Captures de Lobesia botrana Den. & Schiff. (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) au piège sexuel en relation avec la dose en phéromone du diffuseur. Agronomie, 3(9), 925-930. doi:10.1051/agro:19830915Roelofs, W. L., & CardÉ, R. T. (1974). Oriental Fruit Moth 1 and Lesser Appleworm 1 Attractant Mixtures Refined 2. Environmental Entomology, 3(4), 586-588. doi:10.1093/ee/3.4.586ROELOFS, W. L., GIESELMANN, M. J., CARDÉ, A. M., TASHIRO, H., MORENO, D. S., HENRICK, C. A., & ANDERSON, R. J. (1977). Sex pheromone of the California red scale, Aonidiella aurantii. Nature, 267(5613), 698-699. doi:10.1038/267698a0Vacas, S., Alfaro, C., Navarro-Llopis, V., Zarzo, M., & Primo, J. (2009). Study on the Optimum Pheromone Release Rate for Attraction of Chilo suppressalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 102(3), 1094-1100. doi:10.1603/029.102.0330Witzgall, P., Tasin, M., Buser, H.-R., Wegner-Kiß, G., Marco Mancebón, V. S., Ioriatti, C., … Francke, W. (2005). New Pheromone Components of the Grapevine Moth Lobesia botrana. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 31(12), 2923-2932. doi:10.1007/s10886-005-8404-1Witzgall, P., Kirsch, P., & Cork, A. (2010). Sex Pheromones and Their Impact on Pest Management. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 36(1), 80-100. doi:10.1007/s10886-009-9737-yWyman, J. A. (1979). Effect of Trap Design and Sex Attractant Release Rates on Tomato Pinworm Catches1. Journal of Economic Entomology, 72(6), 865-868. doi:10.1093/jee/72.6.865Zhang, A., & Amalin, D. (2005). Sex Pheromone of the Female Pink Hibiscus Mealybug,Maconellicoccus hirsutus(Green) (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae): Biological Activity Evaluation. Environmental Entomology, 34(2), 264-270. doi:10.1603/0046-225x-34.2.26

An efficient chronic unpredictable stress protocol to induce stress-relatec responses in C57BL/6 mice

Exposure to chronic stress can have broad effects on health ranging from increased predisposition for neuropsychiatric disorders to deregulation of immune responses. The chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) protocol has been widely used to study the impact of stress exposure in several animal models and consists in the random, intermittent, and unpredictable exposure to a variety of stressors during several weeks. CUS has consistently been shown to induce behavioral and immunological alterations typical of the chronic stress-response. Unfortunately C57BL/6 mice, one of the most widely used mouse strains, due to the great variety of genetically modified lines, seem to be resistant to the commonly used 4-week-long CUS protocol. The definition of an alternative CUS protocol allowing the use of C57BL/6 mice in chronic stress experiments is a need. Here, we show that by extending the CUS protocol to 8?weeks is possible to induce a chronic stress-response in C57BL/6 mice, as revealed by abrogated body weight gain, increased adrenals weight, and an overactive hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis with increased levels of serum corticosterone. Moreover, we also observed stress-associated behavioral alterations, including the potentiation of anxious-like and depressive-like behaviors and a reduction of exploratory behavior, as well as subtle stress-related changes in the cell population of the thymus and of the spleen. The present protocol for C57BL/6 mice consistently triggers the spectrum of CUS-induced changes observed in rats and, thus, will be highly useful to researchers that need to use this particular mouse strain as an animal model of neuropsychiatric disorders and/or immune deregulation related to CUS.(undefined

Modeling neurocognitive and neurobiological recovery in addiction

This book focuses on "what to know" and "how to apply" information, prioritizing novel principles and delineating cutting-edge assessment, phenotyping and treatment tools