Two-state free Brownian motions

In a two-state free probability space $(A, \phi, \psi)$, we define an algebraic two-state free Brownian motion to be a process with two-state freely independent increments whose two-state free cumulant generating function is quadratic. Note that a priori, the distribution of the process with respect to the second state $\psi$ is arbitrary. We show, however, that if $A$ is a von Neumann algebra, the states $\phi, \psi$ are normal, and $\phi$ is faithful, then there is only a one-parameter family of such processes. Moreover, with the exception of the actual free Brownian motion (corresponding to $\phi = \psi$), these processes only exist for finite time.Comment: 21 page

Free evolution on algebras with two states II

Denote by $J$ the operator of coefficient stripping. We show that for any free convolution semigroup of measures $\nu_t$ with finite variance, applying a single stripping produces semicircular evolution with non-zero initial condition, $J[\nu_t] = \rho \boxplus \sigma^{\boxplus t}$, where $\sigma$ is the semicircular distribution with mean $\beta$ and variance $\gamma$. For more general freely infinitely divisible distributions $\tau$, expressions of the form $\rho \boxplus \tau^{\boxplus t}$ arise from stripping $\mu_t$, where the pairs $(\mu_t, \nu_t)$ form a semigroup under the operation of two-state free convolution. The converse to this statement holds in the algebraic setting. Numerous examples illustrating these constructions are computed. Additional results include the formula for generators of such semigroups.Comment: Numerous statements clarified following suggestions by the refere

Free stochastic measures via noncrossing partitions II

We show that for stochastic measures with freely independent increments, the partition-dependent stochastic measures of math.OA/9903084 can be expressed purely in terms of the higher stochastic measures and the higher diagonal measures of the original.Comment: 15 pages, AMS-LaTeX2e. A serious revision following the suggestions by the refere

Orthogonal polynomials with a resolvent-type generating function

The subject of this paper are polynomials in multiple non-commuting variables. For polynomials of this type orthogonal with respect to a state, we prove a Favard-type recursion relation. On the other hand, free Sheffer polynomials are a polynomial family in non-commuting variables with a resolvent-type generating function. Among such families, we describe the ones that are orthogonal. Their recursion relations have a more special form; the best way to describe them is in terms of the free cumulant generating function of the state of orthogonality, which turns out to satisfy a type of second-order difference equation. If the difference equation is in fact first order, and the state is tracial, we show that the state is necessarily a rotation of a free product state. We also describe interesting examples of non-tracial infinitely divisible states with orthogonal free Sheffer polynomials.Comment: 19 pages; minor improvement

Linearization coefficients for orthogonal polynomials using stochastic processes

Given a basis for a polynomial ring, the coefficients in the expansion of a product of some of its elements in terms of this basis are called linearization coefficients. These coefficients have combinatorial significance for many classical families of orthogonal polynomials. Starting with a stochastic process and using the stochastic measures machinery introduced by Rota and Wallstrom, we calculate and give an interpretation of linearization coefficients for a number of polynomial families. The processes involved may have independent, freely independent or q-independent increments. The use of noncommutative stochastic processes extends the range of applications significantly, allowing us to treat Hermite, Charlier, Chebyshev, free Charlier and Rogers and continuous big q-Hermite polynomials. We also show that the q-Poisson process is a Markov process.Comment: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117904000000757 in the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org

Monic non-commutative orthogonal polynomials

Among all states on the algebra of non-commutative polynomials, we characterize the ones that have monic orthogonal polynomials. The characterizations involve recursion relations, Hankel-type determinants, and a representation as a joint distribution of operators on a Fock space.Comment: 10 page