Margin Changes Effects of Price and Return Volatility in Gold Coin Futures Market at Iran Mercantile Exchange

Supervisory institutes have paid a great attention to the use of margin as a control tool of excessive speculation in futures contracts market. Therefore, this paper studied margin changes effects on price and price volatility in Iran Mercantile Exchange (hereafter IME) using gold coin futures contracts data from November 2008 to July 2014. The US commodity futures trading commission (henceforth CFTC) has the authority to increase the margin to control speculators activities and prices in future contracts market. According to our research, based on information garnered from futures contracts market of Bahar-e-Azadi gold coin in IME, we concluded that any increase in margin results in higher open position costs, which begets price ascend. Considering our results, more amount of margin begets speculator providing liquidity out of the market, consequently surges price volatility. However, the results showed that there is no significant difference between effects of increased and decreased margins. Unfavorably, the effect of considerable margin change was smaller than that of small ones

The effect of fasting and fluid restriction on performance

Hypohydration and fasting are used as means to achieve body mass loss and Ramadan fasting is practised by millions of Muslims as a religious custom. Although both hypohydration and fasting have been studied extensively, the effect of hypohydration and Ramadan style fasting on many aspects of human performance is still unclear. In Chapter 3, the effect of exercise-induced hypohydration on muscle performance was evaluated. The protocol was developed to eliminate masking and exacerbating factors such as changes in muscle glycogen storage, muscle temperature, fatigue and fluid distribution change and acid base status. Muscle strength and endurance decreased due to hypohydration equivalent to 2% of body mass. This suggests that hydration status itself can affect adversely athletes' performance. In Chapter 4, the effect of one day (11 h) of Ramadan style fasting on some aspects of exercise performance during the day was investigated. Participants were tested three times throughout the day: at 7:00 am, 12:00 noon and 7:00 pm. 11 h of Ramadan style fasting decreased body mass by 2.1%. No change was found in exercise performance measurements. The results of this study suggest that this short period of fasting has no measurable effects on performance and/or that any effects are compensated by the circadian rhythm throughout the day. However, most athletes use more intense fasting or several consecutive days of fasting to achieve their weight reduction goal. In Chapter 5, the effect of Ramadan fasting (one month long intermittent fasting) on some aspects of exercise performance of athletes (weight category and non-weight category sports) and recreationally active individuals was studied. Participants were tested before, during (after the first week and in the last week) and after the month of Ramadan. Ramadan style living (involving a change in timing of food intake and sleep pattern) affects most of the anthropometric and physical performance parameters of the athletes and of the recreationally active subjects, with no difference in the pattern of change between groups. Almost all of the differences were recovered a week after the end of fasting. Chapter 6 contains the results of three studies focused on the effects of fasting on cognitive function (study A- breakfast elimination; study B- one day (11 h) of Ramadan style fasting; and study C- one month of Ramadan fasting). Results of these studies make a logical conclusion that fasting has a detrimental effect on memory, reaction time and accuracy of responses. The pattern of the effects showed differences that may be related to various participants' characteristics (age group, gender) and the nature of intervention. In summary, Ramadan style fasting may affect performance of some mental and physical tasks in some, but perhaps not in all individuals.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

On zero sets in the Dirichlet space

We study the zeros sets of functions in the Dirichlet space. Using Carleson formula for Dirichlet integral, we obtain some new families of zero sets. We also show that any closed subset of E \subset \TT with logarithmic capacity zero is the accumulation points of the zeros of a function in the Dirichlet space. The zeros satisfy a growth restriction which depends on $E$.Comment: Journal of Geometric Analysis (2011

Use of Complementary Medicine in SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV: a Narrative Review

Severe acute respiration syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is characterized by severe cytokine storm syndrome following inflammation. SARS-CoV-2 is the 7th coronavirus that causes infection in human bodies; SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 can purpose severe diseases. SARS-CoV-2 at once interacts with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) receptors inside the body and causes respiratory problems. Interestingly, complementary medicines and herbal drugs affect the expression of IgE and IgG antibodies and improve the immune system; for that reason, complementary medicine could be beneficial for infectious diseases like SARS-COV-2. In this review, we assessed some related articles to evaluate the effect of complementary medicine on SARS-COV2 and MERS-COV

Machine Learning Approaches to predict Intra-Uterine Insemination Success Rate- Application of Artificial Intelligence in Infertility

Introduction: Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) has been widely utilized for infertility management. Despite its low success rate, Intra-Uterine Insemination (IUI) is one of the first alternatives and most important approaches regarding many cases of infertility treatment. Given the numerous influencing factors and limitations associated with time and resources, the development of a reliable model to predict the success rate of ART methods can significantly contribute to decision-making processes. Materials and methods: We reviewed the demographic, clinical, and laboratory data regarding 157 IUI treatment cycles among 124 women using their partner’s sperm from May2017 to June2019. Primary outcome measures were clinical pregnancy and live birth. Some prediction models were constructed and compared to the logistic regression analysis. Results: Woman’s mean age was 30.1 ± 5.2 years and the infertility had a female cause in 24.3% of the cases, male cause in 32.6% of cases, and combined causes in 32.6% of the cases. Concerning the first IUI cycle, the clinical pregnancy rate per cycle was 16.9% (N= 21). Data were prepared according to cross-industry standard process for data mining (CRISP-DM) methodology, and the following models were fitted to the data: J48 Decision Tree, Perceptron Multilayer (MLP) Neural Network, Support Vector Machine (SVM) with radial basis function (RBF) kernel, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) with one neighborhood, and Bayesian Network. J48 Decision Tree, with a sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 98%, had the most optimal performance, and the KNN model was the weakest one. Conclusion: To predict the results of IUI as a simple and less invasive therapy for infertile couples, some models were applied based on artificial intelligence and J48 Decision Tree was recommended

Global, regional, and national cancer incidence, mortality, years of life lost, years lived with disability, and disability-Adjusted life-years for 29 cancer groups, 1990 to 2017 : A systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study

Importance: Cancer and other noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are now widely recognized as a threat to global development. The latest United Nations high-level meeting on NCDs reaffirmed this observation and also highlighted the slow progress in meeting the 2011 Political Declaration on the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases and the third Sustainable Development Goal. Lack of situational analyses, priority setting, and budgeting have been identified as major obstacles in achieving these goals. All of these have in common that they require information on the local cancer epidemiology. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study is uniquely poised to provide these crucial data. Objective: To describe cancer burden for 29 cancer groups in 195 countries from 1990 through 2017 to provide data needed for cancer control planning. Evidence Review: We used the GBD study estimation methods to describe cancer incidence, mortality, years lived with disability, years of life lost, and disability-Adjusted life-years (DALYs). Results are presented at the national level as well as by Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator of income, educational attainment, and total fertility rate. We also analyzed the influence of the epidemiological vs the demographic transition on cancer incidence. Findings: In 2017, there were 24.5 million incident cancer cases worldwide (16.8 million without nonmelanoma skin cancer [NMSC]) and 9.6 million cancer deaths. The majority of cancer DALYs came from years of life lost (97%), and only 3% came from years lived with disability. The odds of developing cancer were the lowest in the low SDI quintile (1 in 7) and the highest in the high SDI quintile (1 in 2) for both sexes. In 2017, the most common incident cancers in men were NMSC (4.3 million incident cases); tracheal, bronchus, and lung (TBL) cancer (1.5 million incident cases); and prostate cancer (1.3 million incident cases). The most common causes of cancer deaths and DALYs for men were TBL cancer (1.3 million deaths and 28.4 million DALYs), liver cancer (572000 deaths and 15.2 million DALYs), and stomach cancer (542000 deaths and 12.2 million DALYs). For women in 2017, the most common incident cancers were NMSC (3.3 million incident cases), breast cancer (1.9 million incident cases), and colorectal cancer (819000 incident cases). The leading causes of cancer deaths and DALYs for women were breast cancer (601000 deaths and 17.4 million DALYs), TBL cancer (596000 deaths and 12.6 million DALYs), and colorectal cancer (414000 deaths and 8.3 million DALYs). Conclusions and Relevance: The national epidemiological profiles of cancer burden in the GBD study show large heterogeneities, which are a reflection of different exposures to risk factors, economic settings, lifestyles, and access to care and screening. The GBD study can be used by policy makers and other stakeholders to develop and improve national and local cancer control in order to achieve the global targets and improve equity in cancer care. © 2019 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.Peer reviewe

The Ethical Pattern of the Qur’an in Confrontation with Moral Deviations with an Emphasis on Youth

This study investigates the Qur’anic ethical methods and role models in order to explain how the Qur’an behaves against moral deviations. As a result, it might bring an effective and different way to treat and correct some ethical abnormalities in society. According to integrity of the Qur’an that Allah has introduced, it is expected to present appropriate examples which are practical for all humans in all periods of time. Thus, it ensures that these teachings are able to be put in action. The Qur’an teaches human to create moral virtues and destroys the moral vices through uttering these doctrines and practical methods like mentioning examples of prophets, their stories, and comportments against social deviances as embodiments of divine teachings. This issue is more significant in the period of youth when human’s personality and their emotions are not stable and probable wrong doings are more expected. What have been examined in this paper include some ethical principles such as the principle of honoring the personality, admonition, being on time, also some methods such as using good words, politeness, reason, instructions, preaching the good, allegory, contrast, clarity, negligence and ignorance about others’ unwanted mistakes, leniency and taking easy, warning and missionary