443 research outputs found
Ratchet universality in the bidirectional escape from a symmetric potential well
The present work discusses symmetry-breaking-induced bidirectional escape from a symmetric metastable potential well by the application of zero-average periodic forces in the presence of dissipation. We characterized the interplay between heteroclinic instabilities leading to chaotic escape and breaking of a generalized parity symmetry leading to directed ratchet escape to an attractor either at infinity or at -infinity. Optimal enhancement of directed ratchet escape is found to occur when the wave form of the zero-average periodic force acting on the damped driven oscillator matches as closely as possible to a universal wave form, as predicted by the theory of ratchet universality. Specifically, the optimal approximation to the universal force triggers the almost complete destruction of the nonescaping basin for driving amplitudes which are systematically lower than those corresponding to a symmetric periodic force having the same period. We expect that this work could be potentially useful in the control of elementary dynamic processes characterized by multidirectional escape from a potential well, such as forced chaotic scattering and laser-induced dissociation of molecular systems, among others
De invenciones, controversias y polĂ©micas historiogrĂĄficas y polĂticas en la MonarquĂa HispĂĄnica en tiempos de Quevedo (y aĂșn un siglo despuĂ©s)
From Declarative Set Constraint Models to âGoodâ SAT Instances
On the one hand, Constraint Satisfaction Problems allow one to declaratively model problems. On the other hand, propositional satisfiability problem (SAT) solvers can handle huge SAT instances. We thus present a technique to declaratively model set constraint problems, to reduce them, and to encode them into âgoodâ SAT instances. We illustrate our technique on the well-known nqueens problem. Our technique is simpler, more expressive, and less error-prone than direct hand modeling. The SAT instances that we automatically generate are rather small w.r.t. hand-written instances
Location and effects of an antitumoral catechin on the structural properties of phosphatidylethanolamine membranes
Sex-specific behavioral and neurogenic responses to cocaine in mice lacking and blocking dopamine D1 or dopamine D2 receptors
Adult neurogenesis in rodents is modulated by dopaminergic signaling and inhibited by cocaine. However, the sex-specific role of dopamine D1 and D2 receptors (D1R, D2R) in the deleterious effect of cocaine on adult neurogenesis has not been described yet. Here, we explored sex differences in (a) cell proliferation (5âČ-bromo-2âČ-deoxyuridine [BrdU]), (b) neural precursor (nestin), (c) neuronal phenotype (BrdU/ÎČ3-tubulin), and (d) neuronal maturity (NeuN) in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles and striatum of mice with genetic deletion (D1, D2) or pharmacological blockage (SCH23390: 0.1 mg/kg/day/5 days; Raclopride: 0.3 mg/kg/day/5 days) of D1R and D2R, and treated (10 mg/kg/day/5 days) and then challenged (5 mg/kg, 48 hr later) with cocaine. Results indicated that hyperactivity responses to cocaine were absent in D1 mice and reduced in SCH23390-treated mice. Activity responses to cocaine were reduced in D2 males, but absent in D2 females and increased in Raclopride-treated females. D1R deletion blocked the deleterious effect of cocaine on SVZ cell proliferation in males. Cocaine-exposed D1 males also had reduced neuronal phenotype of SVZ newborn cells and increased striatal neuronal maturity. D2 mice had lower proliferative and neural precursor responses. Cocaine in D2 females or coadministered with Raclopride in wild-type females improved SVZ cell proliferation, an effect that positively correlated with plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentrations. In conclusion, the sex-specific D1R and D2R signaling on SVZ cell proliferation, neural progenitor and neuronal maturity is differentially perturbed by cocaine, and BDNF may be required to link D2R to neuroplasticity in cocaine addiction in females.ConsejerĂa de Salud, Junta de AndalucĂa, Grant/Award Number: C1-0049-2019; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Grant/Award Numbers: CP19/00068, CPII17/00024, CPII19/00022, CPII19/00031, PI19/01577, PI19/00886, PI17/02026, RD16/0017/0001; Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad, Grant/Award Numbers: PND2017/043, PND2018/033, PND2018/044, PND2019/04
Psychometric characteristics of a commuting-to-school behaviour questionnaire for families
The purposes of this study were: (a) to describe the patterns of modes of commuting to school (children) and to work (parents) separated by gender and age, (b) to validate the questions on childrenâs mode of commuting to and from school according to their parents, and (c) to analyse the reliability of a family questionnaire focused on commuting to school behaviours. A total of 611 parents (mean age: 43.28 ± 6.25 years old) from Granada (Spain) completed âFamily commuting-to-school behaviourâ questionnaire in two sessions separated by 14 days, (2016 and 2018). The validation between family and childrenâs questions was assessed using the Kappa and Spearman correlation coefficients, and the testâretest reliability within the family questions was assessed using the Kappa and the weighted Kappa. The childrenâs modes of commuting to school (mean age: 11.44 ± 2.77 years old) were mainly passive (57.7% to school) while parentsâ modes of commuting to work were mainly active (71.6%). The validity of the mode of commuting was significant with high Kappa and Spearman coefficients. The testâretest reliability presented a good agreement for the mode of commuting to school in children, distance and time to school, and the mode of commuting to work in parents, while the questions on acceptable distance to walk or cycle to school showed a moderate to good agreement. The âFamily commuting-to-school behaviourâ questionnaire could be a useful tool to assess the mode of commuting of children, distance and time to school for researchers and practitioners
Correction to: A Phase II Study Evaluating Combined Neoadjuvant Cetuximab and Chemotherapy Followed by Chemoradiotherapy and Concomitant Cetuximab in Locoregional Oesophageal Cancer Patients
Errors were subsequently identified in the article and the following corrections should be note
Un nuevo grupo de manos paleolĂticas pintadas en el sur de la PenĂnsula IbĂ©rica. La cueva de las Estrellas (Castellar de la Frontera, CĂĄdiz)
Presentamos en este trabajo la revisiĂłn de las manifestaciones de arte rupestre conservadas en una estaciĂłn localizada en la comunidad autĂłnoma de AndalucĂa, conocida en la literatura precedente como cueva de Las Estrellas (Castellar de la Frontera, CĂĄdiz). Se trata de un abrigo rocoso de grandes dimensiones, abierto al aire libre, en el que ya se habĂa constatado, en los primeros años del presente siglo, la presencia de diversas pictografĂas de estilo esquemĂĄtico. Durante una visita reciente al enclave se ha advertido, ademĂĄs, la existencia de un importante conjunto figurativo de cronologĂa paleolĂtica que incluye representaciones de fauna y una pequeña serie de improntas de manos en negativo. Este artĂculo aborda el anĂĄlisis genĂ©rico de las grafĂas catalogadas hasta el momento en la cavidad, atendiendo con especial detalle al conjunto de las citadas huellas de manos paleolĂticas, que han sido documentadas usando tecnologĂa digital 3d. De igual modo, se tendrĂĄn en cuenta su contextualizaciĂłn en el arte paleolĂtico andaluz y una primera aproximaciĂłn cronolĂłgica a este interesante y variado complejo figurativo
Jet size dependence of single jet suppression in lead-lead collisions at sqrt(s(NN)) = 2.76 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC
Measurements of inclusive jet suppression in heavy ion collisions at the LHC
provide direct sensitivity to the physics of jet quenching. In a sample of
lead-lead collisions at sqrt(s) = 2.76 TeV corresponding to an integrated
luminosity of approximately 7 inverse microbarns, ATLAS has measured jets with
a calorimeter over the pseudorapidity interval |eta| < 2.1 and over the
transverse momentum range 38 < pT < 210 GeV. Jets were reconstructed using the
anti-kt algorithm with values for the distance parameter that determines the
nominal jet radius of R = 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5. The centrality dependence of
the jet yield is characterized by the jet "central-to-peripheral ratio," Rcp.
Jet production is found to be suppressed by approximately a factor of two in
the 10% most central collisions relative to peripheral collisions. Rcp varies
smoothly with centrality as characterized by the number of participating
nucleons. The observed suppression is only weakly dependent on jet radius and
transverse momentum. These results provide the first direct measurement of
inclusive jet suppression in heavy ion collisions and complement previous
measurements of dijet transverse energy imbalance at the LHC.Comment: 15 pages plus author list (30 pages total), 8 figures, 2 tables,
submitted to Physics Letters B. All figures including auxiliary figures are
available at
http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HION-2011-02
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