19 research outputs found
LA CONTRIBUTION DE LA B.IA LA CREATION DE VALEUR DANS LES ENTREPRISES MAROCAINES
Les Ă©conomies sont passĂ©es durant ces derniĂšres dĂ©cennies dâune situation oĂč la demandedĂ©passe lâoffre, Ă une situation oĂč lâoffre dĂ©passe largement la demande. La concurrencedevenait de plus en plus vive, et la pression sur lâensemble des composants de la chaĂźne devaleur de lâentreprise sâest accrue. Les divers systĂšmes dâinformation dĂ©veloppĂ©s cesderniĂšres annĂ©es ont montrĂ© leur grand potentiel de crĂ©ation de valeur Ă tous les niveaux delâentreprise. Dans ce cadre, la Business Intelligence est un puissant outil permettant Ă touttype de client interne (commercial ,logisticien ,contrĂŽleur interneâŠ) dâavoir accĂšs Ă unegrande base de donnĂ©es, en gĂ©nĂ©rer des informations, des connaissances et mĂȘmes desprĂ©visions. Le manager passe alors dâune optique prĂ©vision => action =>bilan Ă une optiqueaction=> rĂ©sultat=> action.Plusieurs entreprises au Maroc disposent de solutions BI, mais la progression de ces projetsreste lente et le nombre dâentreprises reste trĂšs limitĂ©. Cet article Ă©tudie les entraves que lesentreprises rencontrent ans la rĂ©alisation du plein potentiel de cet outil. Il en ressort , aprĂšsune enquĂȘte effectuĂ©e auprĂšs de quelques dizaines dâutilisateurs, que malgrĂ© que lesfondements de la valeur sont diffĂ©rentes entre les entreprises (ce qui en rĂ©sulte des leviers decrĂ©ation de valeurs diffĂ©rents), la flexibilitĂ© de lâoutil ainsi que ses capacitĂ©s dâĂ©volution sontpointĂ©s du doigt
No evidence from the eastern Mediterranean for a MIS 5e double peak sea-level highstand
To understand past and future sea-level variability, it is important to know if during an interglacial the eustatic sea level is constant or oscillates by several meters around an average value. Several field sites within and outside the tropics have been interpreted to suggest such oscillations during Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage (MIS) 5e (129â116 ka). Here, we present our analysis of one such non-tropical site, Hergla, where a facies succession indicates two foreshore deposits above each other, previously interpreted as MIS 5e sea-level highstand amplified by a second rise. Our study, based on field, microfacies, and optical age Bayesian statistics shows a sea-level rise forming the upper foreshore strata that coincided with the global sea-level rise of the MIS 5a interstadial. The site does therefore not provide evidence for the MIS 5e double peak. We conclude from our analysis that the facies-based proxy is insensitive to small-scale sea-level oscillation. Likewise, uncertainties associated with age estimates are too large to robustly infer a short-term sea-level change
The African Landscape through Space and Time
It is generally accepted that Cenozoic epeirogeny of the African continent is moderated by convective circulation of the mantle. Nevertheless, the spatial and temporal evolution of Africa's âbasin-and-swellâ physiography is not well known. Here we show how continental drainage networks can be used to place broad constraints on the pattern of uplift through space and time. First, we assemble an inventory of 710 longitudinal river profiles that includes major tributaries of the 10 largest catchments. River profiles have been jointly inverted to determine the pattern of uplift rate as a function of space and time. Our inverse model assumes that shapes of river profiles are controlled by uplift rate history and modulated by erosional processes, which can be calibrated using independent geologic evidence (e.g., marine terraces, volcanism and thermochronologic data). Our results suggest that modern African topography started to develop âŒ30 Myr ago when volcanic swells appeared in North and East Africa. During the last 15â20 Myr, subequatorial Africa was rapidly elevated, culminating in the appearance of three large swells that straddle southern and western coasts. Our results enable patterns of sedimentary flux at major deltas to be predicted and tested. We suggest that the evolution of drainage networks is dominated by rapid upstream advection of signals produced by a changing pattern of regional uplift. An important corollary is that, with careful independent calibration, these networks might act as useful tape recorders of otherwise inaccessible mantle processes. Finally, we note that there are substantial discrepancies between our results and published dynamic topographic predictions
Combining boron isotopes and carbamazepine to trace sewage in salinized groundwater: A case study in Cap Bon, Tunisia
Pleistocene terrace deposition related to tectonically controlled surface uplift: an example of the Kyrenia Range lineament in the northern part of Cyprus
AbstractIn this study, we consider how surface uplift of a narrow mountain range has interacted with glacial-related sea-level cyclicity and climatic change to produce a series of marine and non-marine terrace systems. The terrace deposits of the Kyrenia Range record rapid surface uplift of a long-lived tectonic lineament during the early Pleistocene, followed by continued surface uplift at a reduced rate during mid-late Pleistocene. Six terrace depositional systems are distinguished and correlated along the northern and southern flanks of the range, termed K0 to K5. The oldest and highest (K0 terrace system) is present only within the central part of the range. The K2âK5 terrace systems formed later, at sequentially lower levels away from the range. The earliest stage of surface uplift (K0 terrace system) comprises lacustrine carbonates interbedded with mass-flow facies (early Pleistocene?). The subsequent terrace system (K1) is made up of colluvial conglomerate and aeolian dune facies on both flanks of the range. The later terrace systems (K2 to K5) each begin with a basal marine deposit, interpreted as a marine transgression. Deltaic conglomerates prograded during inferred global interglacial stages. Overlying aeolian dune facies represent marine regressions, probably related to global glacial stages. Each terrace depositional system was uplifted and preserved, followed by subsequent deposits at progressively lower topographic levels. Climatic variation during interglacialâglacial cycles and autocyclic processes also exerted an influence on deposition, particularly on short-period fluvial and aeolian deposition
Testing the effect of bleaching on the bivalve Glycymeris: A case study of amino acid geochronology on key Mediterranean raised beach deposits
Evolution and architecture of a West Mediterranean Upper Pleistocene to Holocene coastal apron-fan system
Coastal response to climate change: Mediterranean shorelines during the Last Interglacial (MIS 5)
The response of shorelines to climate change is controlled by fall and rise of the sea level and by the
alteration of the coastal environment due to changing fluvial discharge and biological activity. In the
Mediterranean this response is complicated by the geographic proximity of the North Atlantic and the
African Monsoon climate systems, by a time and space specific interaction of eustatic and water-load
components of sea level and by the mid-latitudinal time lag between orbital forcing and terrestrial
response. Here, six Mediterranean coastal records are presented which contribute to our understanding
of how mid-latitudinal coasts respond to orbital forcing. The sediment sequences show sharp switches
between siliciclastic- and carbonate-dominated nearshore environments where carbonate-rich sediments
are composed of oolitic grainstones. From modern analogues it is deduced that the oolitic sediments
represent a period of relatively high annual sea-surface temperature and lack of fluvial discharge.
The warm-arid period was recorded at w114 ka on the southeast Iberian coast, at w113 ka on the Levant
coast, at w110 ka on the coast west of the Nile delta and at w83 ka on the north Saharan coast. It lasted
10e20 ka in east (Levant coast) and west (Iberian coast) and lasted 40 ka or more in the central-south of
the east Mediterranean. Timing and duration of the coastal proxy allow inferring instantaneous and
dominant response to external forcing in the east and west and delayed and prolonged response due to
dominant regional forcing in the centre of the East Mediterranean. A 9 m eustatic sea-level highstand
during MIS 5e is suggested with a start of the subsequent sea-level fall at w118 ka while evidence for
multiple MIS 5e highstand and a highstand during MIS 5a remain elusive
Coastal response to climate change: Mediterranean shorelines during the last interglacial (MIS 5)
The response of shorelines to climate change is controlled by fall and rise of the sea level and
by the alteration of the coastal environment due to changing fluvial discharge and biological activity. In
the Mediterranean this response is complicated by the geographic proximity of the North Atlantic and
the African Monsoon climate systems, by a time and space specific interaction of eustatic and waterload components of sea level and by the mid-latitudinal time lag between orbital forcing and terrestrial
response. Here, six Mediterranean coastal records are presented which contribute to our
understanding of how mid-latitudinal coasts respond to orbital forcing. The sediment sequences show
sharp switches between siliciclastic- and carbonate-dominated nearshore environments where
carbonate-rich sediments are composed of oolitic grainstones. From modern analogues it is deduced
that the oolitic sediments represent a period of relatively high annual sea-surface temperature and lack
of fluvial discharge. The warm-arid period was recorded at ~ 114 ka on the southeast Iberian coast, at
~113 ka on the Levant coast, at ~110 ka on the coast west of the Nile delta and at ~83 ka on the north
Saharan coast. It lasted 10 20 ka in east (Levant coast) and west (Iberian coast) and lasted 40 ka or
more in the central-south of the east Mediterranean. Timing and duration of the coastal proxy allow
inferring instantaneous and dominant response to external forcing in the east and west and delayed
and prolonged response due to dominant regional forcing in the centre of the East Mediterranean. A 9
m eustatic sea-level highstand during MIS 5e is suggested with a start of the subsequent sea-level fall at
~118 ka while evidence for multiple MIS 5e highstand and a highstand during MIS 5a remain elusive