PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DESA MARGASARI MENUJU DESA BEBAS KARIES MELALUI PRODUK BERES (BEBAS KARIES)

Background: The Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 estimates that 3.5 billion people worldwide experience dental and oral health problems, with dental caries being the most common disease. The 2018 RISKESDAS data shows that the greatest caries prevalence is in the 5-year-old (93.4%), 12-year- old (68.8%), 15-year-old (68.1%), 35-44 years (92.1%) and 65 years old. -74 years (95.2%). Dental caries has an impact on the quality of life of the sufferer which can interfere with daily activities so that efforts are needed and people become more aware and care about their oral health. Method: The solution to the problem is carried out by educating the community, one of them are in Margasari, Tegal. Dental Health Education is carried out using poster media to make it more interactive, effective and efficient. Evaluation of the implementation is done by using a questionnaire. The results of the questionnaire were tabulated using SPSS with the Wilcoxon non-parametric test method. Result: wilcoxon signed rank shows that there are 0 negative ranks, 24 positive ranks, and 1 ties. Z value based on negative ranks are -4.322 Conclusion: There is an increase in knowledge of respondents after being given education

INCREASED KNOWLEDGE ABOUT PLAQUE AND TARTAR IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN KESAMBI VILLAGE, TEGAL REGENCY

Background: Dental and oral hygiene is a special concern for school-age children. Children who are not used to keeping their teeth and mouth clean will tend to experience dental problems. This problem begins when an imbalance of mineralization and demineralization in children causes microorganisms to enter the mouth. These microorganisms will stick to and develop on the teeth which begins with the appearance of plaque and tartar in children. Riskesdas 2018 data shows that 93% of children in Indonesia experience cavities. The data shows that the level of awareness to maintain dental and oral hygiene is still low, so educational efforts are needed to increase children's knowledge. This study provides media interventions in the form of posters, 3D media, and video playback to children to attract children's attention to understand and improve dental and oral hygiene behavior. Method: This research method uses an experimental method that is directly given to elementary school students in Kesambi Village, Tegal Regency. The number of students who participated in this was 55 people with an age range of 9 - 12 years. This research started by giving a questionnaire, then giving the material, and filling out the questionnaire. The results of the questionnaire will be processed and entered into the SPSS data. Result: Knowledge before and after the extension intervention has increased as evidenced by a significant increase. This is in accordance with the results of the p-value which shows 0.000, which means that there is a significant difference before and after penuluhan. Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that counseling about children's plaque and tartar conducted on elementary school students in Kesambi Village is effective because it gets significant results

PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT DAN SURVEY INDEKS DMF-T DAN def-t PADA ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI 07 MARGASARI, KECAMATAN MARGASARI, KABUPATEN TEGAL, JAWA TENGAH

Background: Caries is a chronic disease of the dental hard tissue. The main cause of this disease is plaque bacteria, starting with the formation of white spot lesions due to the dissolving of minerals in tooth enamel caused by acids from the metabolism of bacterial carbohydrates. Caries often occurs in elementary school children because they tend to consume a lot of cariogenic food. The prevalence of caries can be reduced by preventive efforts. Several preventive efforts can be made by providing sufficient information, reducing cariogenic food consumption, always maintaining oral and dental hygiene and preventive dentistry actions. Method: This community service located at SD N Margasari 07. The counseling activity uses phantom and video animation followed by DMF-T/def-t data collection. Result: It was found that 41.8% of students had high category DMF-T/def-t index Conclusion: It is necessary to have a sustainable program to increase children's knowledge and awareness in maintaining dental and oral hygiene including promotive, preventive and curative efforts

UPAYA MENINGKATKAN PENGETAHUAN KESEHATAN GIGI DAN MULUT MELALUI EDUKASI BAHAYA PENGGUNAAN “BEHEL FASHION” PADA MASYARAKAT MARGASARI

Background: Today, many teenagers in Indonesia are using braces not as orthodontic appliances for the treatment of malocclusion but only as a ‘fashion’ . Dental treatment that carried out by incompetent operators can actually cause far greater dangers and losses. The impact that can occur due to the use of braces by dental technicians can arise from tooth decay, plaque accumulation, root resorption, bone resorption, inflammation of the supporting tissues of the teeth, to disorders of the temporomandibular joint. Method: The solution to the problem is carried out by educating the community, one of them are in Margasari, Tegal. Dental Health Education is carried out using poster media to make it more interactive, effective and efficient. Evaluation of the implementation is done by using a questionnaire. The results of the questionnaire were tabulated using SPSS with the Wilcoxon non-parametric test method. Result: wilcoxon signed rank shows that there are 0 negative ranks, 24 positive ranks, and 1 ties. Z value based on negative ranks are -4.322 Conclusion: There is an increase in knowledge of respondents after being given education

PROGRAM LITERASI KESEHATAN GIGI DAN MULUT MELALUI KUIS INTERAKTIF TENTANG KEGOYANGAN GIGI PADA MASYARAKAT DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS MARGASARI, TEGAL

Background: Oral health is an important part of an individual's overall health. The presence of disorders of the oral cavity can significantly affect a person's life. One of the problems that often arise is loose teeth. Loose teeth can be caused by disease or injury to the gums and the supporting tissues of the teeth. The most common factor that causes loose teeth is the buildup of plaque or tartar. This condition can cause damage to the bone that supports the teeth and the periodontal ligament which causes the teeth to become loose. In addition, a person's systemic conditions such as diabetes mellitus also aggravate the condition of tooth mobility. Method: This community service is carried out by counseling, distributing leaflets, poster, quiz, and giving door prizes. The audience's level of knowledge related to dental and oral health, especially periodontal tissue was evaluated using a questionnaire Result: 1 respondent (3.33%) had low oral hygiene habits, 24 respondents (83.3%) had moderate oral hygiene habits, and 4 respondents (13.3%) had very good/high oral hygiene habits. Conclusion: Dental and oral health education in the community can effectively improve oral hygien

Pembuatan Pupuk Organo-mineral Fertilizer (Omf) Padat Dari Limbah Industri Bioetanol (Vinasse)

Organo-mineral fertilizer solid was generated from liquid-waste vinasse with the addition of other materials as variations such as filter cake, boiler ash, urea, and NPK through the evaporation of water content in the material. Each solid OMF has a different mixture. OMF A made of evaporated vinasse or sticky vinasse, OMF B made of vinasse and urea, OMF C made from vinasse and filter cake, omf D made of vinasse and boiler ash 2 : 2, OMF E made of vinasse and boiler ash 2 : 4, OMF F made of vinasse, filter cake, and boiler ash, OMF A3 made of vinasse and 3% NPK, OMF made of A6 vinasse and 6% NPK, OMF A9 made of vinasse and 9% NPK. OMF analysis includes NPK and C/N ratio. Solid OMF which meet the SNI (Indonesian National Standard) are OMF A3, OMF A6, OMF A9 based on the quantity of NPK and C/N ratio where NPK is a source of primer macro nutrients on the plant while the C/N ratio equilibrium will determine the equilibrium of the vegetative and generative stage. NPK content and C/N ratio of OMF A3 are 0,63%, 0,45% ,0,38%, and 10,30, respectively.OMF A6 was 0,59%, 0,52% ,0,41%, and 13,66, respectively as well as OMF A9 are 0,68%, 0,52% ,0,45% and 14,16, respectively. OMF that meet SNI applied to the watermelon plants. OMF that gives the best results in plants is OMF A9 compossed from vinasse and NPK 9% because the plants growth faster shown based on plant height and stem diameter, leaf shape, flower and fruit appearance time

The burden of unintentional drowning: Global, regional and national estimates of mortality from the Global Burden of Disease 2017 Study

__Background:__ Drowning is a leading cause of injury-related mortality globally. Unintentional drowning (International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 10 codes W65-74 and ICD9 E910) is one of the 30 mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive causes of injury-related mortality in the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. This study's objective is to describe unintentional drowning using GBD estimates from 1990 to 2017. __Methods:__ Unintentional drowning from GBD 2017 was estimated for cause-specific mortality and years of life lost (YLLs), age, sex, country, region, Socio-demographic Index (SDI) quintile, and trends from 1990 to 2017. GBD 2017 used standard GBD methods for estimating mortality from drowning. __Results:__ Globally, unintentional drowning mortality decreased by 44.5% between 1990 and 2017, from 531 956 (uncertainty interval (UI): 484 107 to 572 854) to 295 210 (284 493 to 306 187) deaths. Global age-standardised mortality rates decreased 57.4%, from 9.3 (8.5 to 10.0) in 1990 to 4.0 (3.8 to 4.1) per 100 000 per annum in 2017. Unintentional drowning-associated mortality was generally higher in children, males and in low-SDI to middle-SDI countries. China, India, Pakistan and Bangladesh accounted for 51.2% of all drowning deaths in 2017. Oceania was the region with the highest rate of age-standardised YLLs in 2017, with 45 434 (40 850 to 50 539) YLLs per 100 000 across both sexes. __Conclusions:__ There has been a decline in global drowning rates. This study shows that the decline was not consistent across countries. The results reinforce the need for continued and improved policy, prevention and research efforts, with a focus on low-and middle-income countries

Genome-wide association identifies nine common variants associated with fasting proinsulin levels and provides new insights into the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: Proinsulin is a precursor of mature insulin and C-peptide. Higher circulating proinsulin levels are associated with impaired β-cell function, raised glucose levels, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Studies of the insulin processing pathway could provide new insights about T2D pathophysiology. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We have conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association tests of ∼2.5 million genotyped or imputed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and fasting proinsulin levels in 10,701 nondiabetic adults of European ancestry, with follow-up of 23 loci in up to 16,378 individuals, using additive genetic models adjusted for age, sex, fasting insulin, and study-specific covariates. RESULTS: Nine SNPs at eight loci were associated with proinsulin levels (P < 5 × 10(-8)). Two loci (LARP6 and SGSM2) have not been previously related to metabolic traits, one (MADD) has been associated with fasting glucose, one (PCSK1) has been implicated in obesity, and four (TCF7L2, SLC30A8, VPS13C/C2CD4A/B, and ARAP1, formerly CENTD2) increase T2D risk. The proinsulin-raising allele of ARAP1 was associated with a lower fasting glucose (P = 1.7 × 10(-4)), improved β-cell function (P = 1.1 × 10(-5)), and lower risk of T2D (odds ratio 0.88; P = 7.8 × 10(-6)). Notably, PCSK1 encodes the protein prohormone convertase 1/3, the first enzyme in the insulin processing pathway. A genotype score composed of the nine proinsulin-raising alleles was not associated with coronary disease in two large case-control datasets. CONCLUSIONS: We have identified nine genetic variants associated with fasting proinsulin. Our findings illuminate the biology underlying glucose homeostasis and T2D development in humans and argue against a direct role of proinsulin in coronary artery disease pathogenesis

New genetic loci link adipose and insulin biology to body fat distribution.

Body fat distribution is a heritable trait and a well-established predictor of adverse metabolic outcomes, independent of overall adiposity. To increase our understanding of the genetic basis of body fat distribution and its molecular links to cardiometabolic traits, here we conduct genome-wide association meta-analyses of traits related to waist and hip circumferences in up to 224,459 individuals. We identify 49 loci (33 new) associated with waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index (BMI), and an additional 19 loci newly associated with related waist and hip circumference measures (P < 5 × 10(-8)). In total, 20 of the 49 waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI loci show significant sexual dimorphism, 19 of which display a stronger effect in women. The identified loci were enriched for genes expressed in adipose tissue and for putative regulatory elements in adipocytes. Pathway analyses implicated adipogenesis, angiogenesis, transcriptional regulation and insulin resistance as processes affecting fat distribution, providing insight into potential pathophysiological mechanisms