Analysis of professional perceptions relating to the effectiveness of codes of ethics for journalists in Spain

The methodology used in the present study is based on quantitative content analysis using the survey technique. This technique makes it possible to obtain empirical data on various key aspects of the profession that are determining factors in ascertaining Spanish journalists’ views of one of the instruments of accountability that is external to the media: general ethical codes. The results show that Spanish journalists are largely confident in the effectiveness of ethical codes in their profession. Likewise, it was seen that variables such as age, professional experience or the media with which they work influence the perceptions that professionals have of such instruments. If we understand journalism as a profession whose mission is to guarantee the citizenship their right to information, it is essential to be familiar with the tools provided by the profession itself in order to be accountable to the public regarding this professional mission. Hence the importance of instruments of accountability and the perceptions of the professionals themselves regarding their effectiveness

Centralized injustices: understanding energy resilience in times of disruption in low-income settlements in Peru

What happens once people have electricity has received far less analytical and policy attention than the provision of the infrastructure itself. For low-income settlements that have gained a connection to the grid, energy access challenges can still prevail, keeping many inhabitants in energy poverty. This paper analyses energy practices in three low-income neighbourhoods in Lima, Peru, with particular attention to inhabitants’ responses in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. In doing so, it seeks to draw lessons for energy policy and planning to enhance energy resilience in the transition towards more just and sustainable futures. Building on energy resilience scholarship and drawing links with justice debates, this paper discusses three community coping strategies: (1) fuel stacking; (2) collective practices and the shared economy; and (3) material and spatial changes. It analyses how these strategies relate to dominant policy directions, as well as their implications for energy resilience and justice more broadly

Efecto del programa de arteterapia en la convivencia escolar en estudiantes de la institución educativa Juan Clímaco Vela Reyes – Moyobamba, 2019

El objetivo general de este trabajo de investigación fue determinar el efecto del Programa de Arteterapia en la Convivencia Escolar en estudiantes del sexto grado “B” de nivel primario de la institución educativa Juan Clímaco Vela Reyes – Moyobamba, 2019. El tipo de estudio de investigación fue Experimental con un diseño Pre Experimental; con una población de 122 estudiantes, donde se consideró el muestreo no probabilístico, y una muestra de 32 participantes (hombres y mujeres) del sexto grado “B” de la institución educativa Juan Clímaco Vela Reyes. Se aplicó como instrumento el cuestionario de Convivencia Escolar, dicho instrumento fue sometido a la validez de contenido por medio del juicio de expertos, con un resultado aplicable y con una confiabilidad de 0,800 que se obtuvo a través de la prueba de Alfa de Cronbach la cual nos indica que existe una alta confiabilidad. Los resultados obtenidos según el estadístico de Wilcoxon nos indica que el el valor de significancia es de 0,000; siendo menor a 0,05 y el valor de “Z” es de -4,938, siendo menor a -1.96, lo que demuestra que rechazamos a la hipótesis nula y aceptamos a la hipótesis alterna; mostrándonos de esta manera una diferencia significativa entre los resultados del pre test y post test antes y después de la aplicación del tratamiento; del cual podemos concluir que el Programa de Arteterapia generó efecto en la Convivencia Escolar mejorando de esta manera las relaciones interpersonales entre los estudiantes

2015-2016 Master of Music Recital - August Berger (Double Bass)

Curso de especialidad en la carrera de Ingeniería Industrial de carácter teórico-práctico dirigido a los estudiantes del quinto ciclo que busca desarrollar las competencias generales de Pensamiento Crítico y Pensamiento innovador y la competencia específica ABET:k.1) Usa técnicas destrezas y herramientas modernas necesarias en la practica de la ingeniería.El curso desarrolla las metodologías y técnicas para representar y mejorar procesos así como para para establecer los tiempos estándar de los mismos. El objetivo final es aumentar la productividad de la empresa

PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI CIRI-CIRI KHUSUS YANG DIMILIKI HEWAN MELALUI MODEL KOOPERATIF TIPE TALKING STICK DI KELAS VI MIN MESJID RAYA BANDA ACEH

Pelaksanaan pembelajaran Sains yang baik tergantung antara lain pada cara guru menyajikan materi, mengelola kelas dan menggunakan model pembelajaran yang aktif, kreatif dan menyenangkan. Salah satu model pembelajaran yang dapat membangkitkan motivasi belajara siswa adalah model pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Talking Stick yang merupakan salah satu cara yang efektif untuk membuat suasana belajar siswa untuk berdiskusi dan kerjasama di kelas sehingga siswa termotivasi untuk belajar dan memperoleh hasil belajar sesuai dengan yang diharapkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) Untuk mengetahui kemampuan guru dalam mengajarkan sains pada materi ciri-ciri khusus yang dimiliki kewan dengan menggunakan model kooperatif tipe Talking Stick. (2) Untuk mengetahui aktivitas siswa pada saat belajar Sains pada materi ciri-ciri khusus yang dimiliki hewan melalui model kooperatif tipe Talking Stick. (3) Mengetahui hasil belajar siswa setelah belajar Sains pada materi ciri-ciri khusus yang dimiliki hewan melalui model kooperatif tipe Talking Stick. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK atau Classroom Action Research). Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui dua Siklus. Tehnik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan Lembar observasi kemampuan guru dan aktivitas siswa serta Soal Test. Kemudian data ini dianalisis dengan menggunakan rumus persentase. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah, (a) Kemampuan guru meningkat dari 83% pada siklus I menjadi 93% pada siklus II. (b) Aktivitas siswa meningkat dari 88% pada siklus I menjadi 94% pada siklus II. (c) Hasil tes prestasi belajar siklus I 58% meningkat menjadi 92% pada siklus II. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Talking Stick pada pembelajaran Sains siswa lebih aktif, dan hasil belajarnya meningkat

PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN JELAJAH ALAM SEKITAR (JAS) TERHADAP AKTIVITAS BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI KEANEKARAGAMAN HAYATI DI KELAS X SMAN 1 PEUSANGAN

Penelitian tentang “Penerapan Pembelajaran Jelajah Alam Sekitar (JAS) terhadap Aktivitas belajar siswa pada materi Keanekaragaman Hayati di kelas X SMAN 1 Peusanganâ€, telah dilaksanakan pada tanggal 10-22 April 2013. Bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas belajar siswa siswa kelas X SMAN 1 Peusangan setelah diterapkan pembelajaran Jelajah Alam Sekitar pada materi Keanekaragaman Hayati. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode eksperimen. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas X SMAN 1 Peusangan, sedangkan yang dijadikan sampel yaitu siswa kelas X4 sebagai kontrol dan X6 sebagai kelas eksperimen. Pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini dilakukan secara random sampling. Pengumpulan data dari data aktivitas belajar siswa dengan menggunakan teknik non test. Analisis data aktivitas belajar dilakukan dengan rumus persentase. Hasil analisis data dari nilai rata-rata aktivitas visual kelas eksperimen adalah 86,67%, aktivitas lisan adalah 81,67%, aktivitas mendengarkan adalah 92%, aktivitas menulis adalah 83,33%, aktivitas mental adalah 80%, dan aktivitas emosional adalah 80%. Dan nilai rata-rata aktivitas visual kelas kontrol adalah 50%, aktivitas lisan adalah 66,67%, aktivitas mendengarkan adalah 62,5%, aktivitas menulis adalah 76,67%, aktivitas mental adalah 65% dan aktivitas emosional adalah 60%

PP2A ligand ITH12246 protects against memory impairment and focal cerebral ischemia in mice

ITH12246 (ethyl 5-amino-2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydrobenzo[b][1,8] naphthyridine-3-carboxylate) is a 1,8-naphthyridine described to feature an interesting neuroprotective profile in in vitro models of Alzheimer's disease. These effects were proposed to be due in part to a regulatory action on protein phosphatase 2A inhibition, as it prevented binding of its inhibitor okadaic acid. We decided to investigate the pharmacological properties of ITH12246, evaluating its ability to counteract the memory impairment evoked by scopolamine, a muscarinic antagonist described to promote memory loss, as well as to reduce the infarct volume in mice suffering phototrombosis. Prior to conducting these experiments, we confirmed its in vitro neuroprotective activity against both oxidative stress and Ca2+ overload-derived excitotoxicity, using SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells and rat hippocampal slices. Using a predictive model of blood-brain barrier crossing, it seems that the passage of ITH12246 is not hindered. Its potential hepatotoxicity was observed only at very high concentrations, from 0.1 mM. ITH12246, at the concentration of 10 mg/kg i.p., was able to improve the memory index of mice treated with scopolamine, from 0.22 to 0.35, in a similar fashion to the well-known Alzheimer's disease drug galantamine 2.5 mg/kg. On the other hand, ITH12246, at the concentration of 2.5 mg/kg, reduced the phototrombosis-triggered infarct volume by 67%. In the same experimental conditions, 15 mg/kg melatonin, used as control standard, reduced the infarct volume by 30%. All of these findings allow us to consider ITH12246 as a new potential drug for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, which would act as a multifactorial neuroprotectant.Peer Reviewe

Author correction : roadmap for naming uncultivated archaea and bacteria

Correction to: Nature Microbiology https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-020-0733-x , published online 8 June 2020. In the version of this Consensus Statement originally published, Pablo Yarza was mistakenly not included in the author list. Also, in Supplementary Table 1, Alexander Jaffe was missing from the list of endorsees. These errors have now been corrected and the updated Supplementary Table 1 is available online

Roadmap for naming uncultivated Archaea and Bacteria

The assembly of single-amplified genomes (SAGs) and metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) has led to a surge in genome-based discoveries of members affiliated with Archaea and Bacteria, bringing with it a need to develop guidelines for nomenclature of uncultivated microorganisms. The International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes (ICNP) only recognizes cultures as ‘type material’, thereby preventing the naming of uncultivated organisms. In this Consensus Statement, we propose two potential paths to solve this nomenclatural conundrum. One option is the adoption of previously proposed modifications to the ICNP to recognize DNA sequences as acceptable type material; the other option creates a nomenclatural code for uncultivated Archaea and Bacteria that could eventually be merged with the ICNP in the future. Regardless of the path taken, we believe that action is needed now within the scientific community to develop consistent rules for nomenclature of uncultivated taxa in order to provide clarity and stability, and to effectively communicate microbial diversity

Canagliflozin and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes and nephropathy

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of kidney failure worldwide, but few effective long-term treatments are available. In cardiovascular trials of inhibitors of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), exploratory results have suggested that such drugs may improve renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS In this double-blind, randomized trial, we assigned patients with type 2 diabetes and albuminuric chronic kidney disease to receive canagliflozin, an oral SGLT2 inhibitor, at a dose of 100 mg daily or placebo. All the patients had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 30 to <90 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area and albuminuria (ratio of albumin [mg] to creatinine [g], >300 to 5000) and were treated with renin–angiotensin system blockade. The primary outcome was a composite of end-stage kidney disease (dialysis, transplantation, or a sustained estimated GFR of <15 ml per minute per 1.73 m2), a doubling of the serum creatinine level, or death from renal or cardiovascular causes. Prespecified secondary outcomes were tested hierarchically. RESULTS The trial was stopped early after a planned interim analysis on the recommendation of the data and safety monitoring committee. At that time, 4401 patients had undergone randomization, with a median follow-up of 2.62 years. The relative risk of the primary outcome was 30% lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group, with event rates of 43.2 and 61.2 per 1000 patient-years, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59 to 0.82; P=0.00001). The relative risk of the renal-specific composite of end-stage kidney disease, a doubling of the creatinine level, or death from renal causes was lower by 34% (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.81; P<0.001), and the relative risk of end-stage kidney disease was lower by 32% (hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.86; P=0.002). The canagliflozin group also had a lower risk of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.95; P=0.01) and hospitalization for heart failure (hazard ratio, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.80; P<0.001). There were no significant differences in rates of amputation or fracture. CONCLUSIONS In patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease, the risk of kidney failure and cardiovascular events was lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group at a median follow-up of 2.62 years