Super-heavy fermion material as metallic refrigerant for adiabatic demagnetization cooling

Low-temperature refrigeration is of crucial importance in fundamental research of condensed matter physics, as the investigations of fascinating quantum phenomena, such as superconductivity, superfluidity and quantum criticality, often require refrigeration down to very low temperatures. Currently, cryogenic refrigerators with $^3$He gas are widely used for cooling below 1 Kelvin. However, usage of the gas is being increasingly difficult due to the current world-wide shortage. Therefore, it is important to consider alternative methods of refrigeration. Here, we show that a new type of refrigerant, super-heavy electron metal, YbCo$_2$Zn$_{20}$, can be used for adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration, which does not require 3He gas. A number of advantages includes much better metallic thermal conductivity compared to the conventional insulating refrigerants. We also demonstrate that the cooling performance is optimized in Yb$_{1-x}$Sc$_x$Co$_2$Zn$_{20}$ by partial Sc substitution with $x\sim$0.19. The substitution induces chemical pressure which drives the materials close to a zero-field quantum critical point. This leads to an additional enhancement of the magnetocaloric effect in low fields and low temperatures enabling final temperatures well below 100 mK. Such performance has up to now been restricted to insulators. Since nearly a century the same principle of using local magnetic moments has been applied for adiabatic demagnetization cooling. This study opens new possibilities of using itinerant magnetic moments for the cryogen-free refrigeration

eIF4A2 drives repression of translation at initiation by Ccr4-Not through purine-rich motifs in the 5'UTR

Background: Regulation of the mRNA life cycle is central to gene expression control and determination of cell fate. miRNAs represent a critical mRNA regulatory mechanism, but despite decades of research, their mode of action is still not fully understood. Results: Here, we show that eIF4A2 is a major effector of the repressive miRNA pathway functioning via the Ccr4-Not complex. We demonstrate that while DDX6 interacts with Ccr4-Not, its effects in the mechanism are not as pronounced. Through its interaction with the Ccr4-Not complex, eIF4A2 represses mRNAs at translation initiation. We show evidence that native eIF4A2 has similar RNA selectivity to chemically inhibited eIF4A1. eIF4A2 exerts its repressive effect by binding purine-rich motifs which are enriched in the 5′UTR of target mRNAs directly upstream of the AUG start codon. Conclusions: Our data support a model whereby purine motifs towards the 3′ end of the 5′UTR are associated with increased ribosome occupancy and possible uORF activation upon eIF4A2 binding

From Dacia Minor to Nicomedia: Iconography, Onomastics and a New Career of the Late Roman Army. The Sarcophagus of Tziampo, protector divini lateris

International audienceA rescue excavation by the Directorate of the Kocaeli Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography was conducted between 2017 and 2019 in the area where the General Directorate of Izmit Water and Sewerage Administration is located. In the course of these excavations, a new necropolis area was discovered, including five in situ sarcophagi, 51 tile tombs, and two amphora tombs. Among them, four sarcophagi bear funerary inscriptions dating from the Roman period. This paper presents one of these. The translation of this Latin inscription dated to Diocletian or Constantine is following as: “To the spirits of the dead! I, Tziampo, protector of the divine flank, restored my monument, originating from regio Pieucensis, province of Dacia Minor. He lived 50 years. And I want that nobody will be permitted to be deposed here except his son Severus or his wife. He served as horseman for nine years, as ordinarius for 11 years, and protected as protector for 10 years. But if another (person) dares to open (the sarcophagus), let him give the fiscus 20 folles and the city 10 folles. On the whole, he served for 30 years. Farewell, passers-by

From Dacia Minor to Nicomedia: Iconography, Onomastics and a New Career of the Late Roman Army. The Sarcophagus of Tziampo, protector divini lateris

International audienceA rescue excavation by the Directorate of the Kocaeli Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography was conducted between 2017 and 2019 in the area where the General Directorate of Izmit Water and Sewerage Administration is located. In the course of these excavations, a new necropolis area was discovered, including five in situ sarcophagi, 51 tile tombs, and two amphora tombs. Among them, four sarcophagi bear funerary inscriptions dating from the Roman period. This paper presents one of these. The translation of this Latin inscription dated to Diocletian or Constantine is following as: “To the spirits of the dead! I, Tziampo, protector of the divine flank, restored my monument, originating from regio Pieucensis, province of Dacia Minor. He lived 50 years. And I want that nobody will be permitted to be deposed here except his son Severus or his wife. He served as horseman for nine years, as ordinarius for 11 years, and protected as protector for 10 years. But if another (person) dares to open (the sarcophagus), let him give the fiscus 20 folles and the city 10 folles. On the whole, he served for 30 years. Farewell, passers-by

From Dacia Minor to Nicomedia: Iconography, Onomastics and a New Career of the Late Roman Army. The Sarcophagus of Tziampo, protector divini lateris

International audienceA rescue excavation by the Directorate of the Kocaeli Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography was conducted between 2017 and 2019 in the area where the General Directorate of Izmit Water and Sewerage Administration is located. In the course of these excavations, a new necropolis area was discovered, including five in situ sarcophagi, 51 tile tombs, and two amphora tombs. Among them, four sarcophagi bear funerary inscriptions dating from the Roman period. This paper presents one of these. The translation of this Latin inscription dated to Diocletian or Constantine is following as: “To the spirits of the dead! I, Tziampo, protector of the divine flank, restored my monument, originating from regio Pieucensis, province of Dacia Minor. He lived 50 years. And I want that nobody will be permitted to be deposed here except his son Severus or his wife. He served as horseman for nine years, as ordinarius for 11 years, and protected as protector for 10 years. But if another (person) dares to open (the sarcophagus), let him give the fiscus 20 folles and the city 10 folles. On the whole, he served for 30 years. Farewell, passers-by

From Dacia Minor to Nicomedia: Iconography, Onomastics and a New Career of the Late Roman Army. The Sarcophagus of Tziampo, protector divini lateris

International audienceA rescue excavation by the Directorate of the Kocaeli Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography was conducted between 2017 and 2019 in the area where the General Directorate of Izmit Water and Sewerage Administration is located. In the course of these excavations, a new necropolis area was discovered, including five in situ sarcophagi, 51 tile tombs, and two amphora tombs. Among them, four sarcophagi bear funerary inscriptions dating from the Roman period. This paper presents one of these. The translation of this Latin inscription dated to Diocletian or Constantine is following as: “To the spirits of the dead! I, Tziampo, protector of the divine flank, restored my monument, originating from regio Pieucensis, province of Dacia Minor. He lived 50 years. And I want that nobody will be permitted to be deposed here except his son Severus or his wife. He served as horseman for nine years, as ordinarius for 11 years, and protected as protector for 10 years. But if another (person) dares to open (the sarcophagus), let him give the fiscus 20 folles and the city 10 folles. On the whole, he served for 30 years. Farewell, passers-by

From Dacia Minor to Nicomedia: Iconography, Onomastics and a New Career of the Late Roman Army. The Sarcophagus of Tziampo, protector divini lateris

International audienceA rescue excavation by the Directorate of the Kocaeli Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography was conducted between 2017 and 2019 in the area where the General Directorate of Izmit Water and Sewerage Administration is located. In the course of these excavations, a new necropolis area was discovered, including five in situ sarcophagi, 51 tile tombs, and two amphora tombs. Among them, four sarcophagi bear funerary inscriptions dating from the Roman period. This paper presents one of these. The translation of this Latin inscription dated to Diocletian or Constantine is following as: “To the spirits of the dead! I, Tziampo, protector of the divine flank, restored my monument, originating from regio Pieucensis, province of Dacia Minor. He lived 50 years. And I want that nobody will be permitted to be deposed here except his son Severus or his wife. He served as horseman for nine years, as ordinarius for 11 years, and protected as protector for 10 years. But if another (person) dares to open (the sarcophagus), let him give the fiscus 20 folles and the city 10 folles. On the whole, he served for 30 years. Farewell, passers-by

Effect of an vitamin D deficiency on depressive symptoms in child and adolescent psychiatric patients – a randomized controlled trial: study protocol

Abstract Background Depression is a significant health and economic burden worldwide affecting not only adults but also children and adolescents. Current treatment options for this group are scarce and show moderate effect sizes. There is emerging evidence that dietary patterns and specific nutritional components might play a role in the risk for developing depression. This study protocol focusses on the role of vitamin D which is for long known to be relevant for calcium and phosphorous homeostasis and bone health but might also impact on mental health. However, the assessment of the vitamin D status of depressed juvenile patients, or supplementation of vitamin D is currently not part of routine treatment. Controlled intervention studies are indispensable to prove whether a vitamin D deficiency ameliorates depressive symptoms. Methods/design This double blinded, randomized controlled trial will enroll 200 inpatients from a child and adolescent psychiatric department with a vitamin D deficiency defined by a 25(OH)-vitamin D-level  13 (indicating at least: mild depression). Upon referral, all patients will be screened, checked for inclusion criteria, and those eligible will be randomized after written consent into a supplementation or placebo group. Both study-arms will receive treatment-as-usual for their psychiatric disorder according to established clinical guidelines. The participants of the vitamin D supplementation group will receive 2640 I.E. vitamin D3 q.d. for 28 days in accordance with best practice in pediatric endocrinology. We hypothesize that delaying supplementation of vitamin D in the placebo arm will affect the treatment success of the depressive symptomatology in comparison to the vitamin D supplementation group. Patients will be enrolled for a period of 28 days based on the mean length of hospitalization of juveniles with depression. Discussion Randomized controlled trials in children and adolescents with depression are needed to elucidate the role of a vitamin D deficiency for mental disorders and to investigate the relevance of a routine assessment and supplementation of vitamin D deficits. Trial registration DRKS00009758, 16/06/2016 (retrospectively registered)