¿Cómo Evaluar el Desempeño Docente?

Evaluar el desempeño docente puede resultar una tarea muy compleja por la resistencia del evaluado, el modelo utilizado y el uso de los resultados obtenidos; pese a ello, para mejorar el sistema educativo en general, es necesario implementar en las instituciones educativas la evaluación del docente, para mejorar sus prácticas y el rendimiento de los estudiantes, teniendo en cuenta sus funciones y los factores que afectan su desempeño tales como: el propio docente, los estudiantes, padres de familia y los ámbitos donde ejerce su función (el entorno, el colegio y el  aula). El presente artículo es el producto de una investigación mayor, aquí se muestra un estudio documental de la evaluación del desempeño en Colombia a la luz de la propuesta de Montenegro, Valdés, Santos Guerra y el Ministerio de Educación Nacional de Colombia, se propuso valorar los factores intervinientes en el desempeño docente. Se concluye que en el desempeño docente son diversos los factores que intervienen derivado de la misma complejidad del proceso

Case Report: Resolution of submacular haemorrhage secondary to exudative age-related macular degeneration after a single intravitreal dobesilate injection

[Introduction] Submacular haemorrhage is not an unusual cause of acute central vision loss, particularly in older people. It may be caused by a number of conditions, most common of which is exudative age-related madular degeneration. In patients affected by this type of macular degeneration, choroidal neovascularization extends into the subretinal space, producing substantial bleeding in approximately 17% of cases, resulting in large haemorrhages in the subretinal space that detach the neurosensory retina from the supporting retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) layer. This leads to substantial vision loss because of a relatively fast process of extensive photoreceptor atrophy in the overlying neuroretina and formation of macular scars[Case presentation] We describe a patient with submacular haemorrhage secondary to exudative age-related macular degeneration, treated with intravitreal injection of dobesilate. Two months later, visual acuity in the treated eye reached 0.50 with a significant improvement of the distortion and an anatomical resolution of the haemorrhage, as confirmed by optical coherence tomography.[Conclusions] Submacular haemorrhage secondary to exudative age-related macular degeneration can be successfully treated with intravitreal dobesilate. To our knowledge, this is the first case reporting a resolution of submacular haemorrhage after a single dobesilate injection.We acknowledge support by the CSIC Open Access Publication Initiative through its Unit of Information Resources for Research (URICI)Peer reviewe

Immunological and senescence biomarker profiles in patients after spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C virus: gender implications for long-term health risk

Background: About 25% of patients with acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection show spontaneous clearance within the first six months of infection but may remain at risk of inflammaging, aging, and liver and non-liver disease complications. This study evaluated the differences in the plasma levels of immune checkpoints (ICs) and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) biomarkers between patients who had spontaneously eliminated HCV infection (SC group) and individuals without evidence of HCV infection (C group). Methods: We performed a multicenter retrospective study of 56 individuals: 32 in the SC and 24 in the C groups. ICs and SASP proteins were analyzed using a Luminex 200TM analyzer. The statistical analysis used Generalized Linear Models with gamma distribution (log-link) adjusted by significant variables and sex. Results: 13 ICs (BTLA, CD137(4-1BB), CD27, CD28, CD80, GITR, HVEM, IDO, LAG-3, PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, and TIM-3) and 13 SASP proteins (EGF, Eotaxin, IL-1alpha, IL-1RA, IL-8, IL-13, IL-18, IP-10, SDF-1alpha, HGF, beta-NGF, PLGF-1, and SCF) were significantly higher in SC group after approximately more than two years of HCV clearance. After stratifying by sex, differences remained significant for males, which showed higher levels for 13 ICs and 4 SASP proteins in SC. While only PD-L2 was significantly higher in SC women, and no differences in SASP were found. Conclusions: Higher plasma levels of different IC and SASP proteins were found in individuals after more than two years of HCV clearance, mainly in men. Alterations in these molecules might be associated with an increased risk of developing liver and non-hepatic diseases.This study was supported by grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII; grant number CP14/0010) to AFR), Fundación Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio (FUAX) – Santander (grant number 1.010.932 to AFR) and by PID2021–126781OB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe”. The study was also funded by the CIBER -Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red- (CB 2021), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and Unión Europea–Next‑GenerationEU (CB21/13/00044, CB21/13/00118, and GVC16/EHD/4). M.A.J.-S. is Miguel Servet researcher supported and funded by ISCIII (grant numbers CP17CIII/00007). RME is Juan de la Cierva researcher supported and fnanced by MICINN of Spain (FJC2020-042865-I).S

Additional file 1 of Immunological and senescence biomarker profiles in patients after spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C virus: gender implications for long-term health risk

Additional file 1. Biochemical characteristics of 56 individuals stratified by HCV infection status and sex.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Fundación Universidad Alfonso X el SabioPeer reviewe

Economía y finanzas sociales: avances en la investigación

Esta obra colectiva propone un cambio de paradigma en la investigación científica, financiera y económica, cuyo centro de atención es reducir las desigualdades sociales y económicas, mejorar la sostenibilidad ambiental y la creación eficiente de valor económico. Desde un punto de vista crítico y mediante diversos enfoques teóricos, metodológicos y disciplinares, los autores analizan el esquema financiero predominante en las economías de mercado, al tiempo que abordan temas como la inclusión financiera, la banca ética o las experiencias e intervenciones en y sobre la economía social.ITESO, A.C

Miradas y voces de la Investigación Educativa IV : Instituciones y sistemas educativos. Innovación Educativa con miras a la justicia social. Aportes desde la Investigación Educativa

Fil: Ferreyra, Horacio Ademar. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Educación; ArgentinaFil: Sañudo Guerra, Lya. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Educación; ArgentinaFil: Universidad Católica de Córdoba; Argentina.Fil: Red de Posgrados en Educación AC; México

Espacio y territorios: razón, pasión e imaginarios

En este caleidoscopio de acercamientos hacia lo espacial y territorial, las visiones se mueven desde aquellas románticas y existencialistas, pasando por aquellas objetivistas y positivistas, hasta las estructuralistas y postestructuralistas. Por el espacio y el territorio se interesan con enfoques diversos numerosas disciplinas, desde la psicología, la etología o la literatura, y las ciencias naturales como la biología o la ecología, hasta las ciencias sociales y políticas, como la geografía, la antropología, la economía y la sociología. Este interés multidisciplinario demuestra la importancia y la complejidad del tema espacial y territorial, y reclama la necesidad de su estudio y comprensión interdisciplinarios, como se intenta con esta publicación

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan Koperasi di Kabupaten Pelalawan

This paper describe development and financial performance of cooperative in District Pelalawan among 2007 - 2008. Studies on primary and secondary cooperative in 12 sub-districts. Method in this stady use performance measuring of productivity, efficiency, growth, liquidity, and solvability of cooperative. Productivity of cooperative in Pelalawan was highly but efficiency still low. Profit and income were highly, even liquidity of cooperative very high, and solvability was good

Juxtaposing BTE and ATE – on the role of the European insurance industry in funding civil litigation

One of the ways in which legal services are financed, and indeed shaped, is through private insurance arrangement. Two contrasting types of legal expenses insurance contracts (LEI) seem to dominate in Europe: before the event (BTE) and after the event (ATE) legal expenses insurance. Notwithstanding institutional differences between different legal systems, BTE and ATE insurance arrangements may be instrumental if government policy is geared towards strengthening a market-oriented system of financing access to justice for individuals and business. At the same time, emphasizing the role of a private industry as a keeper of the gates to justice raises issues of accountability and transparency, not readily reconcilable with demands of competition. Moreover, multiple actors (clients, lawyers, courts, insurers) are involved, causing behavioural dynamics which are not easily predicted or influenced. Against this background, this paper looks into BTE and ATE arrangements by analysing the particularities of BTE and ATE arrangements currently available in some European jurisdictions and by painting a picture of their respective markets and legal contexts. This allows for some reflection on the performance of BTE and ATE providers as both financiers and keepers. Two issues emerge from the analysis that are worthy of some further reflection. Firstly, there is the problematic long-term sustainability of some ATE products. Secondly, the challenges faced by policymakers that would like to nudge consumers into voluntarily taking out BTE LEI