Hidrovia e desenvolvimento regional: estudo dos projetos de desenvolvimento dos vales do Tietê e Paraná no estado de São Paulo

This paper aims to examine three regional development plans proposed for the region of the valleys of rivers Tietê and Paraná: Rail Project (ISCO, 1994), the Development Plan (CESP, 1996) and Máster Plan (ADTP, 1996). The interest in conducting the study relies on the possibility that it may contribute to the debate on the reshaping of public policy and style necessary to establish a new pattern of regional development in the country.Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar três planos de desenvolvimento regional propostos para a região dos vales dos rios Tietê e Paraná: o Projeto Calha (CITP, 1994), o Plano de Fomento (CESP, 1996) e o Plano Máster (ADTP, 1996). O interesse em realizar o estudo apoia-se na possibilidade de que o mesmo possa contribuir para a reflexão sobre a reformulação e estilo das políticas públicas necessárias para estabelecer um novo padrão de desenvolvimento regional no país

Human intestinal mucus proteins isolated by transanal irrigation and proctosigmoidoscopy

Human intestinal mucus essentially consists of a network of Mucin2 glycoproteins embedded in many lower molecularweight proteins. This paper contributes to the proteomic study of human intestinal mucus by comparing two sample collectionmethods (transanal irrigation and brush cytology during proctosigmoidoscopy) and analysis techniques (electrophoresis anddigestion in solution). The entire sample collection and treatment process is explained, including protein extraction, digestion anddesalination and peptide characterisation using a nanoAcquity UPLC chromatograph coupled to an HDMS spectrometer equipped with a nanoESI source. Collecting mucus via transanal irrigation provided a larger sample volume and protein concentration from a single patient. The proctosigmoidoscopy sample could be analysed via digestion in solution after depleting albumin. The analysisindicates that a simple mucus lysis method can evaluate the electrophoresis and digestion in solution techniques. Studying human intestinal mucus complexes is important because they perform two essential survival functions for humans as the first biochemical and physical defences for the gastrointestinal tract and a habitat for intestinal microbiota, which are primarily hosted in the colon and exceeds the human genetic information and cell number 100- and 10-fold (1).Human intestinal mucus essentially consistsof a network of Mucin2 glycoproteinsembedded in many lower molecularweight proteins. This paper contributes tothe proteomic study of human intestinalmucus by comparing two sample collectionmethods (transanal irrigation and brushcytology during proctosigmoidoscopy) andanalysis techniques (electrophoresis anddigestion in solution). The entire samplecollection and treatment process is explained,including protein extraction, digestion anddesalination and peptide characterisationusing a nanoAcquity UPLC chromatographcoupled to an HDMS spectrometer equippedwith a nanoESI source. Collecting mucus viatransanal irrigation provided a larger samplevolume and protein concentration from asingle patient. The proctosigmoidoscopysample could be analysed via digestion insolution after depleting albumin. The analysisindicates that a simple mucus lysis methodcan evaluate the electrophoresis and digestionin solution techniques. Studying humanintestinal mucus complexes is importantbecause they perform two essential survivalfunctions for humans as the first biochemicaland physical defences for the gastrointestinaltract and a habitat for intestinal microbiota,which are primarily hosted in the colon andexceeds the human genetic information andcell number 100- and 10-fold (1)

ALPHABET LORM - A CONSTRUÇÃO DE UM OBJETO DE APRENDIZAGEM PARA O APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PROFESSORES NA COMUNICAÇÃO COM SURDOCEGOS

O aprimoramento da formação inicial e continuada de professores, tem se tornado cada dia mais imprescindível para garantir qualidade e eficiência aos processos inclusivos. Este aperfeiçoamento se torna ainda mais relevante quando pensamos em grupos cujas deficiências comprometem severamente partes motoras, cognitivas e\ou sensoriais, como a surdocegueira. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar a construção de um Objeto de Aprendizagem desenvolvido no Núcleo de Educação a Distância de uma Universidade do interior paulista, como recurso facilitador no processo de formação docente, para a aprendizagem dos fundamentos do Sistema Lorm, a fim de potencializar a comunicação com os estudantes surdocegos. Justifica-se a importância da utilização de recursos como o Alfhabet Lorm, construído com a intenção de facilitar o processo de formação docente em mais uma técnica comunicacional, possibilitando assim, a construção de modelos significativos para a inclusão de pessoas surdocegas, que muitas vezes se veem excluídas do processo educacional

Software para la dinámica cardíaca adulta mediante sistemas dinámicos

The normal and abnormal behavior of an adult heart dynamics and its state of evolution towards one of these two states has been characterized successfully in the context of the theory of dynamic systems and probability. The diagnostic methodology of clinical application designed under these two theories has managed to evaluate in an objective and reproducible way the cardiac dynamics from the values of the frequency of the Holter registers. The automation of this methodology through the design of a software that can be docked in any operating system for PC, and contributes as a diagnostic aid tool to generate more timely responses to the patient's clinical condition. Additionally, the values of the probability of these spaces occupied by the attractor, calculated by the Software, allow using an interface that can be consulted by the specialist to evaluate how far a cardiac dynamic is from normality, analyzing in this way the effectiveness of the treatment.A través de la teoría de la probabilidad y de los sistemas dinámicos se ha construido una metodología para evaluar la dinámica cardíaca –recientemente automatizada– mediante un software que puede ser acoplado a cualquier sistema operativo para PC. El software permite mediante una interfaz consultar la dinámica cardíaca por un especialista del área clínica y así evaluar qué tan alejada se encuentra una dinámica cardiaca de la normalidad. En este estudio se hizo uso de dicho software para desarrollar un estudio de concordancia diagnóstica para confirmar su capacidad como herramienta de evaluación a nivel clínico. Para ello se parte de la medición de: 120 registros Holter, 100 patológicos y 20 normales, durante 21 horas; con los cuales se toman los valores de la frecuencia cardíaca y numero de latidos; en base a esta información el software elabora secuencias pareadas y construye atractores con los cuales cuantifica la dimensión fractal, los espacios de ocupación en el espacio fractal de Box Counting, y los valores de la probabilidad de los espacios ocupados por el atractor. De lo anterior se encontró que este proceso permite diferenciar la normalidad de la patología aguda y su evolución, obteniendo valores de sensibilidad y especificidad del 100%. Dado este contexto, es de destacar que el proceso permite analizar de una manera objetiva y reproducible la efectividad de los tratamientos médico

Mathematical physical diagnosis of neonatal cardiac dynamics based on dynamic systems and fractal geometry: Clinical validation study

A mathematical evaluation of neonatal cardiac dynamics was developed. The purpose of this study is to confirm the diagnostic capacity of this methodology to differentiate normal neonatal cardiac and cardiac pathologies through a blind study. For this, 80 Holter records were taken, 10 with evaluation within the limits of normality and 70 with different cardiac pathologies. The conventional evaluations were masked, and the maximum and minimum heart rates were taken every hour and the number of beats/hours, during 21 hours. These values were used to generate the neonatal cardiac attractor, then their fractal dimension was calculated, their occupation spaces were quantified in the fractal space of Box-Counting, determining their physic mathematical diagnosis. The spaces of occupation of neonatal chaotic cardiac attractors measured according to the number of frames occupied by the Box Counting method, differentiate states of normality from acute pathologies, achieving a sensitivity and specificity of 100%, as well as a kappa coefficient of 1. The This study confirms the diagnostic capacity of the methodology developed, from which it is possible to establish geometric differences between the chaotic attractors of normal neonatal cardiac dynamics and with disease.https://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0000343870https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7239-0763Introducción. -- Metodología. -- Resultados. -- Discusión. -- Conclusiones. -- Agradecimiento

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

Genome of Herbaspirillum seropedicae Strain SmR1, a Specialized Diazotrophic Endophyte of Tropical Grasses

The molecular mechanisms of plant recognition, colonization, and nutrient exchange between diazotrophic endophytes and plants are scarcely known. Herbaspirillum seropedicae is an endophytic bacterium capable of colonizing intercellular spaces of grasses such as rice and sugar cane. The genome of H. seropedicae strain SmR1 was sequenced and annotated by The Paraná State Genome Programme—GENOPAR. The genome is composed of a circular chromosome of 5,513,887 bp and contains a total of 4,804 genes. The genome sequence revealed that H. seropedicae is a highly versatile microorganism with capacity to metabolize a wide range of carbon and nitrogen sources and with possession of four distinct terminal oxidases. The genome contains a multitude of protein secretion systems, including type I, type II, type III, type V, and type VI secretion systems, and type IV pili, suggesting a high potential to interact with host plants. H. seropedicae is able to synthesize indole acetic acid as reflected by the four IAA biosynthetic pathways present. A gene coding for ACC deaminase, which may be involved in modulating the associated plant ethylene-signaling pathway, is also present. Genes for hemagglutinins/hemolysins/adhesins were found and may play a role in plant cell surface adhesion. These features may endow H. seropedicae with the ability to establish an endophytic life-style in a large number of plant species

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Global disparities in surgeons’ workloads, academic engagement and rest periods: the on-calL shIft fOr geNEral SurgeonS (LIONESS) study

: The workload of general surgeons is multifaceted, encompassing not only surgical procedures but also a myriad of other responsibilities. From April to May 2023, we conducted a CHERRIES-compliant internet-based survey analyzing clinical practice, academic engagement, and post-on-call rest. The questionnaire featured six sections with 35 questions. Statistical analysis used Chi-square tests, ANOVA, and logistic regression (SPSS® v. 28). The survey received a total of 1.046 responses (65.4%). Over 78.0% of responders came from Europe, 65.1% came from a general surgery unit; 92.8% of European and 87.5% of North American respondents were involved in research, compared to 71.7% in Africa. Europe led in publishing research studies (6.6 ± 8.6 yearly). Teaching involvement was high in North America (100%) and Africa (91.7%). Surgeons reported an average of 6.7 ± 4.9 on-call shifts per month, with European and North American surgeons experiencing 6.5 ± 4.9 and 7.8 ± 4.1 on-calls monthly, respectively. African surgeons had the highest on-call frequency (8.7 ± 6.1). Post-on-call, only 35.1% of respondents received a day off. Europeans were most likely (40%) to have a day off, while African surgeons were least likely (6.7%). On the adjusted multivariable analysis HDI (Human Development Index) (aOR 1.993) hospital capacity > 400 beds (aOR 2.423), working in a specialty surgery unit (aOR 2.087), and making the on-call in-house (aOR 5.446), significantly predicted the likelihood of having a day off after an on-call shift. Our study revealed critical insights into the disparities in workload, access to research, and professional opportunities for surgeons across different continents, underscored by the HDI