Manejos da psicologia no tratamento de adolescentes com comportamentos autolesivos com ênfase na automutilação / Management of psychology in the treatment of adolescents with self-injury behavior with emphasis in self-mutilation

A conduta autolesiva em adolescentes caracteriza-se como comportamento de risco, podendo acarretar em prejuízo físico, psicológico e social para o indivíduo que a efetiva. Como sendo uma problemática de saúde pública, pretende-se com esse estudo alcançar conhecimentos sobre sua epidemiologia, assim como o manejo psicoterápico para seu tratamento em âmbito clínico. Os dados foram levantados por meio da revisão de literatura sobre o tema, referentes ao período de 2005 a 2019 e através de entrevista semiestruturada com psicólogos de abordagens teóricas distintas, elaborada pelos autores

SABER TREINAR A SI MESMO: PORQUE E COMO DEVEMOS ENSINAR TREINAMENTO NAS AULAS DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA?

O texto apresenta argumentações cientificas sobre o treino corporal na escola a partir de uma experiência concreta na Escola Municipal Teodoro Sampaio, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil

A CENTRALIDADE DAS QUESTÕES RELACIONADAS À SAÚDE DO TRABALHOR(A) NO MUNDO CONTEMPORÂNEO

A literatura sobre o presente e o futuro do trabalho vem ganhando espaço no mundo acadêmico através das análises sociopolíticas de vários autores de forma muitas vezes individual, às vezes combinadas. Com este artigo proponho uma discussão que apresenta o trabalho como uma das principais questões norteadora do homem enquanto ser social, podendo esse fator social influencia diretamente no processo saúde/doença. Essa discussão trás esse conceito como um construto polissêmico que ao longo dos tempos foi se construindo e reconstruindo de forma a se apresentar na modernidade como um fator de realização para o individuo contemporâne

ANÁLISE DO TIPO DE RETROALIMENTAÇÃO A PARTIR DA TAXIONOMIA DE SCHMIDT -1993 E SUA APLICAÇÃO EM AULAS DE

Partindo do pressuposto de que as propostas de intervenção pedagógica na natação, dependem do conhecimento do efeito das variáveis de aprendizagem no meio líquido, delineamos este trabalho para verificar como os professores das escolas de natação de Santa Maria, nos anos de 1995 e 1996, usam a retroalimentação em suas aulas. Da amostra intencional, participaram 15 professores das três escolas de natação de Santa Maria. Foram observadas três aulas de cada um dos Ss para identificar o tipo, segundo a Taxionomia de Schmidt (1993).Após a identificação do tipo de retroalimentação fez-se uma entrevista com cada Ss para verificar o conhecimento que eles possuíam desta variável. Os resultados indicam que os Ss utilizaram com maior freqüência o Conhecimento do Desempenho (CD) com 86%, seguido do Conhecimento do Resultado (CR) com 7% e da Propriocepção com 7%. A utilização do CD, como prevalente, corrobora as afirmações de estudiosos da área que argumentam que para destrezas motoras fechadas o mais adequado é este tipo de retroalimentação

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data

Evaluation of a quality improvement intervention to reduce anastomotic leak following right colectomy (EAGLE): pragmatic, batched stepped-wedge, cluster-randomized trial in 64 countries

Background Anastomotic leak affects 8 per cent of patients after right colectomy with a 10-fold increased risk of postoperative death. The EAGLE study aimed to develop and test whether an international, standardized quality improvement intervention could reduce anastomotic leaks. Methods The internationally intended protocol, iteratively co-developed by a multistage Delphi process, comprised an online educational module introducing risk stratification, an intraoperative checklist, and harmonized surgical techniques. Clusters (hospital teams) were randomized to one of three arms with varied sequences of intervention/data collection by a derived stepped-wedge batch design (at least 18 hospital teams per batch). Patients were blinded to the study allocation. Low- and middle-income country enrolment was encouraged. The primary outcome (assessed by intention to treat) was anastomotic leak rate, and subgroup analyses by module completion (at least 80 per cent of surgeons, high engagement; less than 50 per cent, low engagement) were preplanned. Results A total 355 hospital teams registered, with 332 from 64 countries (39.2 per cent low and middle income) included in the final analysis. The online modules were completed by half of the surgeons (2143 of 4411). The primary analysis included 3039 of the 3268 patients recruited (206 patients had no anastomosis and 23 were lost to follow-up), with anastomotic leaks arising before and after the intervention in 10.1 and 9.6 per cent respectively (adjusted OR 0.87, 95 per cent c.i. 0.59 to 1.30; P = 0.498). The proportion of surgeons completing the educational modules was an influence: the leak rate decreased from 12.2 per cent (61 of 500) before intervention to 5.1 per cent (24 of 473) after intervention in high-engagement centres (adjusted OR 0.36, 0.20 to 0.64; P < 0.001), but this was not observed in low-engagement hospitals (8.3 per cent (59 of 714) and 13.8 per cent (61 of 443) respectively; adjusted OR 2.09, 1.31 to 3.31). Conclusion Completion of globally available digital training by engaged teams can alter anastomotic leak rates. Registration number: NCT04270721 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov)