Classical molecular simulations of complex industrially-important systems on the Intel Paragon

Advances in parallel supercomputing now make possible molecular-based engineering and science calculations that will soon revolutionize many technologies, such as those involving polymers and those involving aqueous electrolytes. We have developed a suite of message-passing codes for classical molecular simulation of such complex fluids and amorphous materials and have completed a number of demonstration calculations of problems of scientific and technological importance with each. In this overview paper we will outline the techniques for classical molecular simulation of these industrially-important systems on the Inter Paragon and we will summarize some of the important scientific and technical results of the varied applications, including the following: (1) Parallel codes for quatemion dynamics using techniques for handling long-range Coulombic forces allow study of ion pairing in supercritical aqueous electrolyte solutions. Ion pairing lies at the heart of technological problems with corrosion and solids deposition in industrial processes utilizing high temperature water. (2) Non-equilibrium, multiple time step molecular dynamics lets us investigate the rheology of molecular fluids. Such calculations enable the molecular-based design of new synthetic lubricants of importance in the automotive engines of the future. (3) Chain molecule Monte Carlo simulations in the Gibbs ensemble now permit calculation of phase equilibrium of long-chain molecular systems. With complementary equilibrium molecular dynamics (with multiple time steps) we have been able to gain fundamental insight into the technologically-important problem of liquid-liquid phase separation in polymer blends

Evidence of Color Coherence Effects in W+jets Events from ppbar Collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.8 TeV

We report the results of a study of color coherence effects in ppbar collisions based on data collected by the D0 detector during the 1994-1995 run of the Fermilab Tevatron Collider, at a center of mass energy sqrt(s) = 1.8 TeV. Initial-to-final state color interference effects are studied by examining particle distribution patterns in events with a W boson and at least one jet. The data are compared to Monte Carlo simulations with different color coherence implementations and to an analytic modified-leading-logarithm perturbative calculation based on the local parton-hadron duality hypothesis.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures. Submitted to Physics Letters

Search for electroweak production of single top quarks in ppˉp\bar{p} collisions.

We present a search for electroweak production of single top quarks in the electron+jets and muon+jets decay channels. The measurements use ~90 pb^-1 of data from Run 1 of the Fermilab Tevatron collider, collected at 1.8 TeV with the DZero detector between 1992 and 1995. We use events that include a tagging muon, implying the presence of a b jet, to set an upper limit at the 95% confidence level on the cross section for the s-channel process ppbar->tb+X of 39 pb. The upper limit for the t-channel process ppbar->tqb+X is 58 pb. (arXiv

Model-independent measurement of t\boldsymbol{t}-channel single top quark production in ppˉ\boldsymbol{p\bar{p}} collisions at s=1.96\boldsymbol{\sqrt{s}=1.96} TeV

We present a model-independent measurement of $t$-channel electroweak production of single top quarks in \ppbar collisions at $\sqrt{s}=1.96\;\rm TeV$. Using $5.4\;\rm fb^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity collected by the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider, and selecting events containing an isolated electron or muon, missing transverse energy and one or two jets originating from the fragmentation of $b$ quarks, we measure a cross section \sigma({\ppbar}{\rargap}tqb+X) = 2.90 \pm 0.59\;\rm (stat+syst)\; pb for a top quark mass of $172.5\;\rm GeV$. The probability of the background to fluctuate and produce a signal as large as the one observed is $1.6\times10^{-8}$, corresponding to a significance of 5.5 standard deviations.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Lett.

The performance of the jet trigger for the ATLAS detector during 2011 data taking

The performance of the jet trigger for the ATLAS detector at the LHC during the 2011 data taking period is described. During 2011 the LHC provided proton–proton collisions with a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV and heavy ion collisions with a 2.76 TeV per nucleon–nucleon collision energy. The ATLAS trigger is a three level system designed to reduce the rate of events from the 40 MHz nominal maximum bunch crossing rate to the approximate 400 Hz which can be written to offline storage. The ATLAS jet trigger is the primary means for the online selection of events containing jets. Events are accepted by the trigger if they contain one or more jets above some transverse energy threshold. During 2011 data taking the jet trigger was fully efficient for jets with transverse energy above 25 GeV for triggers seeded randomly at Level 1. For triggers which require a jet to be identified at each of the three trigger levels, full efficiency is reached for offline jets with transverse energy above 60 GeV. Jets reconstructed in the final trigger level and corresponding to offline jets with transverse energy greater than 60 GeV, are reconstructed with a resolution in transverse energy with respect to offline jets, of better than 4 % in the central region and better than 2.5 % in the forward direction

Search for long-lived neutral particles in pp collisions at s√=13 TeV that decay into displaced hadronic jets in the ATLAS calorimeter

This paper describes a search for pairs of neutral, long-lived particles decaying in the ATLAS calorimeter. Long-lived particles occur in many extensions to the Standard Model and may elude searches for new promptly decaying particles. The analysis considers neutral, long-lived scalars with masses between 5 and 400 GeV, produced from decays of heavy bosons with masses between 125 and 1000 GeV, where the long-lived scalars decay into Standard Model fermions. The analysis uses either 10.8 fb−1 or 33.0 fb−1 of data (depending on the trigger) recorded in 2016 at the LHC with the ATLAS detector in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. No significant excess is observed, and limits are reported on the production cross section times branching ratio as a function of the proper decay length of the long-lived particles

Structure from solute-solvent interactions in supercritical polyatomic molecular mixtures

Solute-solvent and solute-solute microstructures at the sueprcritical state are important in elucidating chemical reaction and spectroscopic data. We can classify the range of pair correlations into two regions: a short range (r {le} r{sub min}) and a long range (r from r{sub min} to 20 {approximately} 50 molecular diameters). The often cited local density enhacement referes to the short range corelations and is shown not to be related to the critical behavior of the mixture. The long-range behavior of the pair correlations is responsible for the buildup of osmotic susceptibility and is related to the closeness to solvent`s critical point. In the class of attractive supercritical mixtures, the solute-solvent short-range pair correlation exhibits complicated bheavior: enhanced solvation (within the first neighborhood) at low to medium densities and peak attenuation followed by peak growth at higher densities. Earlier theor. studies (integral equations) dealt with idealized model of solute molecules as spheres (molecular size effects accounted for, but not molecular shape effects). This study examines behavioral change due to molecular shapes and orientations as the solutes take the shape of polyatomic molecules. For example the case of di-tert-butylnitroxide radicals in supercritical ethylene can be modeled as linear dimeric molecules. Reference interaction site model integral equation is used to produce site-site correlation functions. We map out the density ranges where structural changes take place and elucidate their practical implications

Nanorheology of Liquid Alkanes

We report molecular dynamics simulations of liquid alkanes, squalane and tetracosane, confined between moving walls to which butane chains are tethered, effectively screening the details of the wall. As in an experiment, heat is removed by thermostatting the tethered molecules. Results obtained at high strain rates, typical of practical applications, suggest little or no difference between the bulk rheology and confined flow, and the occurrence of a high degree of slip at the wall-fluid interface at the conditions studied. At relatively low velocities and high densities, tetracosane shows the formation of fully-extended chains at certain wall spacings

Nonequilibrium molecular dynamic simulations on massively parallel supercomputers

Large scale simulations of planar Couette flow in fluids using domain decomposition often require complex and/or expensive routines to handle the Lees-Edwards periodic boundary conditions. In this paper the authors present an efficient algorithm that reduces both complexity and the computational costs for such simulations. Shear viscosity results for the Weeks-Chandler-Anderson fluid obtained from large scale simulations using the new algorithm are also presented