A genome-wide association study of anorexia nervosa suggests a risk locus implicated in dysregulated leptin signaling

J. Kaprio, A. Palotie, A. Raevuori-Helkamaa ja S. Ripatti ovat työryhmän Eating Disorders Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium jäseniä. Erratum in: Sci Rep. 2017 Aug 21;7(1):8379, doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-06409-3We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of anorexia nervosa (AN) using a stringently defined phenotype. Analysis of phenotypic variability led to the identification of a specific genetic risk factor that approached genome-wide significance (rs929626 in EBF1 (Early B-Cell Factor 1); P = 2.04 x 10(-7); OR = 0.7; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.61-0.8) with independent replication (P = 0.04), suggesting a variant-mediated dysregulation of leptin signaling may play a role in AN. Multiple SNPs in LD with the variant support the nominal association. This demonstrates that although the clinical and etiologic heterogeneity of AN is universally recognized, further careful sub-typing of cases may provide more precise genomic signals. In this study, through a refinement of the phenotype spectrum of AN, we present a replicable GWAS signal that is nominally associated with AN, highlighting a potentially important candidate locus for further investigation.Peer reviewe

Shared genetic risk between eating disorder- and substance-use-related phenotypes:Evidence from genome-wide association studies

First published: 16 February 202

Dissecting the Shared Genetic Architecture of Suicide Attempt, Psychiatric Disorders, and Known Risk Factors

Background Suicide is a leading cause of death worldwide, and nonfatal suicide attempts, which occur far more frequently, are a major source of disability and social and economic burden. Both have substantial genetic etiology, which is partially shared and partially distinct from that of related psychiatric disorders. Methods We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 29,782 suicide attempt (SA) cases and 519,961 controls in the International Suicide Genetics Consortium (ISGC). The GWAS of SA was conditioned on psychiatric disorders using GWAS summary statistics via multitrait-based conditional and joint analysis, to remove genetic effects on SA mediated by psychiatric disorders. We investigated the shared and divergent genetic architectures of SA, psychiatric disorders, and other known risk factors. Results Two loci reached genome-wide significance for SA: the major histocompatibility complex and an intergenic locus on chromosome 7, the latter of which remained associated with SA after conditioning on psychiatric disorders and replicated in an independent cohort from the Million Veteran Program. This locus has been implicated in risk-taking behavior, smoking, and insomnia. SA showed strong genetic correlation with psychiatric disorders, particularly major depression, and also with smoking, pain, risk-taking behavior, sleep disturbances, lower educational attainment, reproductive traits, lower socioeconomic status, and poorer general health. After conditioning on psychiatric disorders, the genetic correlations between SA and psychiatric disorders decreased, whereas those with nonpsychiatric traits remained largely unchanged. Conclusions Our results identify a risk locus that contributes more strongly to SA than other phenotypes and suggest a shared underlying biology between SA and known risk factors that is not mediated by psychiatric disorders.Peer reviewe

A Propositional Logical Encoding of Enriched Interactions in Abstract Argumentation Graphs

International audienceThis chapter aims at providing logical encodings for translating interactions in an argumentation graph themselves into propositional knowledge bases. This translation will be used for identifying or redefining some properties of argumentation graphs. The graphs we consider are used to formalize abstract argumentation with at least two different kinds of interaction (attack and support) and also recursive interactions

History of the Book in Canada. Volume III : 1918-1980

"The History of the Book in Canada is one of this country's great scholarly achievements, with three volumes spanning topics from Aboriginal communication systems established prior to European contact to the arrival of multinational publishing companies. Each volume observes developments in the realms of writing, publishing, dissemination, and reading, illustrating the process of a fledgling nation coming into its own. The third and final volume follows book history and print culture from the end of the First World War to 1980, discussing the influences on them of the twentieth century, including the country's growing demographic complexity and the rise of multiculturalism." -- Front flap of jacket

2022 taxonomic update of phylum Negarnaviricota (Riboviria: Orthornavirae), including the large orders Bunyavirales and Mononegavirales.

In March 2022, following the annual International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) ratification vote on newly proposed taxa, the phylum Negarnaviricota was amended and emended. The phylum was expanded by two new families (bunyaviral Discoviridae and Tulasviridae), 41 new genera, and 98 new species. Three hundred forty-nine species were renamed and/or moved. The accidentally misspelled names of seven species were corrected. This article presents the updated taxonomy of Negarnaviricota as now accepted by the ICTV

Histoire du livre et de l’imprimé au Canada, Volume III

Au Canada, le XXe siècle inaugure une époque faste en matière de culture du livre et de l’imprimé. Après la Première Guerre mondiale, l’émergence de maisons d’édition indépendantes, d’associations d’auteurs, la création de prix littéraires et scientifiques et de subventions à la production, notamment au Québec, sont autant de signes de la vitalité du livre dans la transmission et la promotion d’une culture nationale, désormais projetée dans la durée et conçue comme un héritage essentiel. C’est ainsi que l’on peut voir se développer une culture du livre distincte de l’imprimerie et de la presse, où les éditeurs deviennent progressivement des architectes de la culture canadienne. Ce troisième volume de l’Histoire du livre et de l’imprimé au Canada couvre la période de 1918 à 1980, durant laquelle des transformations cruciales ont eu lieu. Ainsi, les deux grands groupes linguistiques du pays s’enrichissent de structures éditoriales distinctes, et grâce aux périodiques, les populations autochtones et les communautés ethniques et religieuses s’approprient les outils de la communication écrite pour exprimer leurs valeurs, affirmer leur appartenance sociale et créer des liens de solidarité. La Deuxième Guerre mondiale crée une demande nationale accrue pour le livre canadien qui se déploie alors sur la scène internationale. Au même moment, le cinéma, la radio et la télévision, phénomènes nouveaux, favorisent la pénétration d’une production de masse en provenance des États-Unis. L’affirmation d’une identité canadienne s’accentue encore dans les années 1960 au moment où les littératures canadienne et québécoise connaissent une période d’effervescence sans précédent. Enfin, après plus d’un siècle de luttes et de revendications, d’actions individu­elles et collectives, les gouvernements mettent en place des structures de soutien à la création littéraire et au livre qui en assureront l’essor au cours des années 1980