Un acercamiento a la inalienabilidad de los cajones religiosos de los ranchos de San Luis y San Miguel de Laja de Puna del departamento de Potosí

De 2017 a 2019, pude documentar la celebración de Pascuas de los ranchos de cabecera de valle de San Luis y San Miguel de Laja del municipio de Puna del departamento de Potosí de Bolivia, festividad que se distingue por una serie de principios culturales y prácticas rituales distinta de los cánones de la Semana Santa. En los tres días de celebración, destaca la presencia de los cajones religiosos, objetos de madera que exhiben imágenes religiosas pintadas sobre piedras o modeladas en yeso, que residen en sus respectivas capillas, a los cuales los comunarios les encienden velas, se arrodillan, se reverencian quitándose el sombrero, les rezan y los portan en romerías. Estas acciones me llevan a pensar en estos objetos como inalienable possessions desde la perspectiva de Annette Weiner, por lo que detallaré y expondré los aspectos simbólicos y valorativos en contextos familiares y comunitarios que permiten pensar su inalienabilidad.From 2017 to 2019, I was able to document the Pascuas celebration of the ranchos at the head of the valley of San Luis and San Miguel de Laja in the Puna municipality of the Potosí department of Bolivia, festivity that is distinguished by a series of cultural principles and ritual practices distinct from de canons of Holy Week. In the three days of celebration, the presence of the cajones religiosos stands out, wooden objects that display religious images painted on stones or modeled in plaster, which reside in the respective chapels, to which the community members light candles for them, kneel, bow down, taking off their hats, pray to them and carry them on pilgrimage. These actions lead me to think of these objects as inalienable possessions from the perspective of Annette Weiner, for which I will detail and show the symbolic and evaluative aspects in family and community contexts that allow us to think about their inalienability.De 2017 a 2019, pude documentar a celebração Pascuas das fazendas da cabeceira do vale de San Luis e San Miguel de Laja, no município de Puna, no departamento de Potosí, na Bolívia, festa que se distingue por uma serie de principios culturais e prácticas rituais diferentes dos cânones da Semana Santa. Nos três dias de festa, destaca-se a presença das gavetas religiosas, objetos de madeira que exibem imagens religiosas pintadas em pedras ou modeladas em gesso, que residem nas respectivas capelas, onde os membros da comunidade acendem velas, ajoelham-se e sentam-se. Eles reverenciam tirar os chapéus, orar para eles e levá-los em peregrinação. Essas ações me levam a pensar esses objetos como inalienable possessions na perspectiva de Annette Weiner, então, vou detalhar e expor os aspectos simbólicos e avaliativos em contextos familiares e comunitários que nos permitem pensar sobre sua inalienabilidade

Propuesta de intervenciones para mejorar habilidad de cuidado, automanejo, capacidad de autocuidado y calidad de vida de cuidadores de pacientes crónicos

Objetivo: El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar las intervenciones dirigidas a mejorar la habilidad de cuidado, automanejo, capacidad autocuidado y calidad de vida en cuidadores de enfermos crónicos, con el fin de guiar al profesional de enfermería en la atención centrada en la necesidad de información de los cuidadores de pacientes crónicos, contribuir a mejorar el proceso de cuidado y calidad de la atención de los pacientes crónicos. Metodos: Se realizó un estudio cualitativo, de tipo revisión, el cual se encuentra constituida de seis etapas: Identificación del problema o cuestionamiento, establecimiento de criterios de inclusión/exclusión de artículos, definición de las informaciones a ser extraídas de los artículos seleccionados, análisis de las informaciones, interpretación de los resultados, Presentación de la revisión. Resultados:La literatura refiere que las intervenciones para aumentar la habilidad de cuidado mejora la experiencia de cuidado de manera significativa al mismo tiempo que disminuye la sobrecarga en un 60 %17. En este sentido el programa «Cuidando a los cuidadores® » reportó un efecto positivo sobre la calidad de vida de los cuidadores de pacientes con ECNT.Los programas de intervención más utilizados para mejorar la habilidad de cuidado, el automanejo, la capacidad de autocuidado y calidad de vida son programas de autoayuda, psicoeducativos y psicoterapéuticos. Conclusiones:Las intervenciones más efectiva que reporta la literatura en cuidadores familiares deben brindar información para el cuidado del paciente y su autocuidado teniendo como recomendación principal aumentar así su conocimiento, habilidades y actitudes, deben ser sesiones psicoeducativas, sesiones cognitivo - conductual, multimodales y multidisciplinarias II.PregradoEnfermer

Epitelial mesenchymal transition : from the molecular to physiologic

La transición epitelio mesénquima (EMT) es un proceso compuesto de diferentes fases, donde una célula epitelial adquiere un fenotipo mesenquimal. Dentro de los cambios involucrados se encuentran: pérdida de la polaridad celular, adquisición de una capacidad migratoria, capacidad invasora, resistencia a la apoptosis y aumento en la producción de componentes de la matriz extracelular. Todos estos cambios ocurren como una consecuencia de la activación y represión de genes involucrados con rutas de señalización específicas relacionadas con este evento. La EMT está relacionada con procesos fisiológicos y patológicos como el cáncer. Consta de tres fases: una de células no migratorias, células premigratorias y células migratorias; cada una de ellas producto de diferentes señales intra o extracelulares, factores de transcripción (TGF-B, Snail, TWIST, Sox, Slug, ZEB1, entre otras) y proteínas involucradas (E-cadherina, integrina, vimentina, ocludinas y claudinas).Revisión1-10Transition mesenchymal epithelium (EMT) is a process composed of different phases where an epithelial cell acquires a mesenchymal phenotype. Among the changes involved are: loss of cellular polarity, acquisition of a migratory capacity, invasive capacity, resistance to apoptosis, and increase in the production of components of the extracellular matrix. All these changes occur as a consequence of the activation and repression of genes involved with specific signaling pathways related to this event. EMT is related to physiological and pathological processes such as cancer. It consists of three phases: A phase of non-migratory cells, pre-migratory cells and migratory cells; (TGF-B, Snail, TWIST, Sox, Slug, ZEB1 among others), and proteins involved (E-cadherin, integrin, vimentin, occludins and claudins)

Sex difference and intra-operative tidal volume: Insights from the LAS VEGAS study

BACKGROUND: One key element of lung-protective ventilation is the use of a low tidal volume (VT). A sex difference in use of low tidal volume ventilation (LTVV) has been described in critically ill ICU patients.OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine whether a sex difference in use of LTVV also exists in operating room patients, and if present what factors drive this difference.DESIGN, PATIENTS AND SETTING: This is a posthoc analysis of LAS VEGAS, a 1-week worldwide observational study in adults requiring intra-operative ventilation during general anaesthesia for surgery in 146 hospitals in 29 countries.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Women and men were compared with respect to use of LTVV, defined as VT of 8 ml kg-1 or less predicted bodyweight (PBW). A VT was deemed 'default' if the set VT was a round number. A mediation analysis assessed which factors may explain the sex difference in use of LTVV during intra-operative ventilation.RESULTS: This analysis includes 9864 patients, of whom 5425 (55%) were women. A default VT was often set, both in women and men; mode VT was 500 ml. Median [IQR] VT was higher in women than in men (8.6 [7.7 to 9.6] vs. 7.6 [6.8 to 8.4] ml kg-1 PBW, P < 0.001). Compared with men, women were twice as likely not to receive LTVV [68.8 vs. 36.0%; relative risk ratio 2.1 (95% CI 1.9 to 2.1), P < 0.001]. In the mediation analysis, patients' height and actual body weight (ABW) explained 81 and 18% of the sex difference in use of LTVV, respectively; it was not explained by the use of a default VT.CONCLUSION: In this worldwide cohort of patients receiving intra-operative ventilation during general anaesthesia for surgery, women received a higher VT than men during intra-operative ventilation. The risk for a female not to receive LTVV during surgery was double that of males. Height and ABW were the two mediators of the sex difference in use of LTVV.TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01601223

Forward-central two-particle correlations in p-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV

Two-particle angular correlations between trigger particles in the forward pseudorapidity range (2.5 2GeV/c. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B. V.Peer reviewe

Event-shape engineering for inclusive spectra and elliptic flow in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S=2.76 TeV

Peer reviewe

Azimuthal anisotropy of charged jet production in root s(NN)=2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions

We present measurements of the azimuthal dependence of charged jet production in central and semi-central root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions with respect to the second harmonic event plane, quantified as nu(ch)(2) (jet). Jet finding is performed employing the anti-k(T) algorithm with a resolution parameter R = 0.2 using charged tracks from the ALICE tracking system. The contribution of the azimuthal anisotropy of the underlying event is taken into account event-by-event. The remaining (statistical) region-to-region fluctuations are removed on an ensemble basis by unfolding the jet spectra for different event plane orientations independently. Significant non-zero nu(ch)(2) (jet) is observed in semi-central collisions (30-50% centrality) for 20 <p(T)(ch) (jet) <90 GeV/c. The azimuthal dependence of the charged jet production is similar to the dependence observed for jets comprising both charged and neutral fragments, and compatible with measurements of the nu(2) of single charged particles at high p(T). Good agreement between the data and predictions from JEWEL, an event generator simulating parton shower evolution in the presence of a dense QCD medium, is found in semi-central collisions. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Peer reviewe