Consenso brasileiro para o tratamento da esclerose múltipla : Academia Brasileira de Neurologia e Comitê Brasileiro de Tratamento e Pesquisa em Esclerose Múltipla

O crescent arsenal terapêutico na esclerose múltipla (EM) tem permitido tratamentos mais efetivos e personalizados, mas a escolha e o manejo das terapias modificadoras da doença (TMDs) tem se tornado cada vez mais complexos. Neste contexto, especialistas do Comitê Brasileiro de Tratamento e Pesquisa em Esclerose Múltipla e do Departamento Científico de Neuroimunologia da Academia Brasileira de Neurologia reuniram-se para estabelecer este Consenso Brasileiro para o Tratamento da EM, baseados no entendimento de que neurologistas devem ter a possibilidade de prescrever TMDs para EM de acordo com o que é melhor para cada paciente, com base em evidências e práticas atualizadas. Por meio deste documento, propomos recomendações práticas para o tratamento da EM, com foco principal na escolha e no manejo das TMDs, e revisamos os argumentos que embasam as estratégias de tratamento na EM.The expanding therapeutic arsenal in multiple sclerosis (MS) has allowed for more effective and personalized treatment, but the choice and management of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) is becoming increasingly complex. In this context, experts from the Brazilian Committee on Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis and the Neuroimmunology Scientific Department of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology have convened to establish this Brazilian Consensus for the Treatment of MS, based on their understanding that neurologists should be able to prescribe MS DMTs according to what is better for each patient, based on up-to-date evidence and practice. We herein propose practical recommendations for the treatment of MS, with the main focus on the choice and management of DMTs, as well as present a review of the scientific rationale supporting therapeutic strategies in MS

Impacts of the Tropical Pacific/Indian Oceans on the Seasonal Cycle of the West African Monsoon

The current consensus is that drought has developed in the Sahel during the second half of the twentieth century as a result of remote effects of oceanic anomalies amplified by local land–atmosphere interactions. This paper focuses on the impacts of oceanic anomalies upon West African climate and specifically aims to identify those from SST anomalies in the Pacific/Indian Oceans during spring and summer seasons, when they were significant. Idealized sensitivity experiments are performed with four atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs). The prescribed SST patterns used in the AGCMs are based on the leading mode of covariability between SST anomalies over the Pacific/Indian Oceans and summer rainfall over West Africa. The results show that such oceanic anomalies in the Pacific/Indian Ocean lead to a northward shift of an anomalous dry belt from the Gulf of Guinea to the Sahel as the season advances. In the Sahel, the magnitude of rainfall anomalies is comparable to that obtained by other authors using SST anomalies confined to the proximity of the Atlantic Ocean. The mechanism connecting the Pacific/Indian SST anomalies with West African rainfall has a strong seasonal cycle. In spring (May and June), anomalous subsidence develops over both the Maritime Continent and the equatorial Atlantic in response to the enhanced equatorial heating. Precipitation increases over continental West Africa in association with stronger zonal convergence of moisture. In addition, precipitation decreases over the Gulf of Guinea. During the monsoon peak (July and August), the SST anomalies move westward over the equatorial Pacific and the two regions where subsidence occurred earlier in the seasons merge over West Africa. The monsoon weakens and rainfall decreases over the Sahel, especially in August.Peer reviewe

Measurement of the top quark mass using charged particles in pp collisions at root s=8 TeV

Peer reviewe

Search for heavy resonances decaying to two Higgs bosons in final states containing four b quarks

A search is presented for narrow heavy resonances X decaying into pairs of Higgs bosons (H) in proton-proton collisions collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC at root s = 8 TeV. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb(-1). The search considers HH resonances with masses between 1 and 3 TeV, having final states of two b quark pairs. Each Higgs boson is produced with large momentum, and the hadronization products of the pair of b quarks can usually be reconstructed as single large jets. The background from multijet and t (t) over bar events is significantly reduced by applying requirements related to the flavor of the jet, its mass, and its substructure. The signal would be identified as a peak on top of the dijet invariant mass spectrum of the remaining background events. No evidence is observed for such a signal. Upper limits obtained at 95 confidence level for the product of the production cross section and branching fraction sigma(gg -> X) B(X -> HH -> b (b) over barb (b) over bar) range from 10 to 1.5 fb for the mass of X from 1.15 to 2.0 TeV, significantly extending previous searches. For a warped extra dimension theory with amass scale Lambda(R) = 1 TeV, the data exclude radion scalar masses between 1.15 and 1.55 TeV

Natureza admirada, natureza devastada: História e Historiografia da colonização de Santa Catarina Nature admired, nature devastated: History and Historiography of the colonization of Santa Catarina

De um modo geral, a história da "imigraçãopor -colonização" no século XIX, objeto histórico presente na historiografia brasileira e nas histórias regionais, é predominantemente narrada de acordo com as coordenadas ideológicas hegemônicas da sociedade moderna: civilização, progresso, evolução e trabalho. Dentro deste quadro conceitual, a natureza é vista e representada como um mero recurso natural que deve ser "naturalmente" explorado e manipulado pela sociedade humana. Este artigo aborda a história e o conhecimento histórico sobre a experiência da colonização em Santa Catarina, principalmente em relação às principais colônias fundadas na segunda metade do século XIX. Problematiza-se a relação culturapor -natureza instituída no processo colonizador e a concepção de natureza contida no conhecimento histórico da colonização; observam-se fontes documentais (Relatórios da Província, Relatórios das Colônias) e historiográficas na perspectiva da História Ambiental; e procura-se demonstrar que o modo de ver e explicar a "evolução histórica" da colonização estimula e legitima a destruição e a domesticação do mundo natural tanto quanto dos povos indígenas, em particular a Mata Atlântica e os índios Xokleng.<br>Generally speaking, the 19th century history of "immigration-colonization", object of the Brazilian historiography and the local historical studies, is mainly narrated from the perspective of the modern society ideological, hegemonic coordinates: civilization, progress, evolution, and work. From this conceptual viewpoint, nature is represented as a mere natural resource that must be exploited and handled by the human society. This paper deals with history and the historical knowledge about the colonization process in Santa Catarina state, mainly in relation to the first colonies settled in the second half of the 19th century. It questions the relationship between culture and nature instituted in the colonization process and the concept of nature present in the historical accounts of the colonies; documental and historiographic sources are observed (Province Reports and Colonies Reports) from the perspective of environmental history. The paper also demonstrates that as the historical evolution of the colonization is traditionally seen and explained it stimulates and legitimates the destruction and domestication of the natural world as well as the native people, particularly the Atlantic Forest and the Xokleng people

New Coordination Tools to Prepare the Programmed Stops in the LHC and its Injectors

The LHC and its Injectors are submitted to an overall lifecycle of three to four years of physics delivery to Experiments with a two-year long stop, also known as Long Shutdown (LS). The years of physics delivery are ended by a programmed stop for the immediate preventive and corrective maintenance, also known as (Extended)-Year-End Technical Stop - (E)YETS. This regular cycle is to be addressed in parallel with other projects: the upgrade projects to the accelerator complex of the LHC (High-Luminosity project) and to its Injectors (LHC Injectors Upgrade), and the "standard" consolidation tasks. This paper describes the way the programmed stops coordination group prepares the activities to take place during the stop with a set of new tools and processes that ease the communication between the stakeholders of the coordination

Santos e devotos no império ultramarino português

O artigo faz uma história da coleção de vilancicos de São Gonçalo de Amarante, que integram a Coleção Barbosa Machado na Biblioteca Nacional do Rio de Janeiro e, simultaneamente, apresenta reflexões sobre a relação santo-devoto no Império Ultramarino Português no século XVIII. Os vilancicos são identificados como um gênero retórico poético que evoca o santo e uma prática religiosa que contrastava com outras. Parte-se de uma perspectiva comparativa entre os vilancicos e outras evidências sobre a relação santo-devoto e, em particular, sobre o santo e sua festa na sociedade colonial escravista. O artigo dialoga com a historiografia centrada na noção de Império e com uma bibliografia da História e das Ciências Sociais voltada para a relação santodevoto, a santidade e as festas.<br>The paper produces a story of vilancicos for Saint Gonçalo do Amarante, that are part of the Rio de Janeiro National Library Barbosa Machado Collection and presents reflections on the relation saint-devotees in the Portuguese Overseas Empire during the 18th century. The vilancicos are identified as a rhetoric poetic genre that reminds the saint and a religious practice that contrasted with others. It starts from a comparative perspective between the vilancicos and other evidences about the relation saint-devotee, and in particular, about the saint and his feast in a colonial and proslavery society. The article deals with the historiography centered in the notion of Empire, and with a bibliography of History and Social Sciences pointed to the relation saint-devotee, the holiness and the feasts

Brazilian Consensus for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis: Brazilian Academy of Neurology and Brazilian Committee on Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis

ABSTRACT The expanding therapeutic arsenal in multiple sclerosis (MS) has allowed for more effective and personalized treatment, but the choice and management of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) is becoming increasingly complex. In this context, experts from the Brazilian Committee on Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis and the Neuroimmunology Scientific Department of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology have convened to establish this Brazilian Consensus for the Treatment of MS, based on their understanding that neurologists should be able to prescribe MS DMTs according to what is better for each patient, based on up-to-date evidence and practice. We herein propose practical recommendations for the treatment of MS, with the main focus on the choice and management of DMTs, as well as present a review of the scientific rationale supporting therapeutic strategies in MS