Dar laços em vez de nós : as auto-perceções das crianças sobredotadas acerca das suas competências socioemocionais

Tese de mestrado, Psicologia (Secção de Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde - Núcleo de Psicoterapia Cognitiva-Comportamental e Integrativa), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 2013Embora muitos sejam os estudos desenvolvidos na área de sobredotação, estes têm‐se centrado essencialmente ao nível da caracterização da população sobredotada, do impacto das respostas educativas neste grupo e na avaliação, tendo‐se desbravado muito pouco terreno no que diz respeito ao desenvolvimento socioemocional das crianças sobredotadas. Sabendo que a Inteligência Emocional (IE), operacionalizada através das competências socioemocionais, desempenha um papel fulcral na forma como os indivíduos se adaptam ao seu quotidiano e constitui um bom preditor de sucesso no contexto interpessoal e profissional, pretendeu‐se, com este estudo, (1) avaliar as diferenças existentes ao nível da auto‐percepção das competências socioemocionais nas crianças sobredotadas e não sobredotadas, procurando (2) perceber se os perfis de IE das crianças sobredotadas são tendencialmente heterogéneos e analisar estas discrepâncias, bem como proceder à tradução e adaptação de um instrumento de avaliação da IE para crianças. Par a medição do construto de IE e da auto‐percepção das competências socioemocionais a ele associadas, recorreu‐se ao Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnarie – Child Form (TEIQue‐CF). Os dados foram tratados em termos estatísticos e também qualitativos através da análise de conteúdo baseada numa entrevista semi‐estruturada com base nos instrumentos. Participaram 8 crianças sobredotadas e 21 crianças sem diagnóstico de sobredotação com as mesmas idades. As crianças sobredotadas revelaram apresentar diferenças significativas entre as suas autopercepções das competências socioemocionais quando comparadas com as crianças não sobredotadas, tendo registado resultados mais elevados nas facetas de Expressão das Emoções, da Auto‐motivação e da Não Impulsividade, e resultados mais baixos em todas as outras facetas e também no Traço Global de Inteligência Emocional. Deste modo, os resultados salientam a tendência para a presença de valores mais altos ou mais baixos nos sobredotados. Os resultados são discutidos com base na literatura, sendo referidas as limitações do estudo e deixadas sugestões para futuras investigações.Although there many are many studies in the area of giftedness, mostly focusing the characteristics of the gifted population, the impact of educational responses in the group and their assessment, very has been advanced in terms of the socio‐emotional development of gifted children. Knowing that emotional intelligence (EI), operationalized in terms of socio‐emotional skills, plays a key role in the way the people adapt to everyday life and is a good predictor of success in interpersonal and professional contexts, this study aims to (1) assess differences in terms of self‐perception of socio‐emotional skills in gifted and nongifted children understanding (2) if the IE of gifted children tend to be heterogeneous and thus analyze these discrepancies as well as translating and adapting an instrument designed to evaluation children´s IE. The instrument used to evaluate IE and self perception of socio‐emotional skills was Questionnaire to emotional intelligence‐child form (TEIQue‐CF). The data was treated in statistical terms and also a qualitative analysis of semi‐structured interview based in the instrument. Participants were 8 gifted and 21 non‐gifted children with the same ages. Gifted children revealed significant differences in terms of self‐perception of socioemotional skills, having recorded higher results in facets of expression of emotions, selfmotivation and impulsiveness, and lower results in all other facets, and also in the overall Trait Emotional Intelligence. The results highlight the tendency for the presence of higher or lower values in the gifted. The results are discussed on the basis of literature, the limitations of study referred and some suggestions for future investigations are advanced

Burnout e o psicólogo educacional: O caso da ram

A Síndrome de Burnout é considerada um fenómeno dos tempos modernos, ostentando um lugar de destaque nas profissões que envolvem o apoio e a prestação de cuidados a outros indivíduos. A profissão de psicólogo, pelas suas especificidades, enquadra-se nos grupos de risco de desenvolvimento do Burnout daí a pertinência da investigação nesta área de forma a conhecer a realidade e posteriormente proceder ao desenvolvimento de medidas de prevenção e intervenção. O presente estudo equaciona um modelo integrado de Burnout e objetiva analisar os níveis de Burnout e os fatores que influenciam esta síndrome num grupo de 27 psicólogos educacionais, da educação especial. Como instrumentos de medida foram utilizados o Questionário de Stress nos profissionais de Saúde (QSPS) e a Medida de Burnout de Shirom-Melamed (SMBM) traduzida e adaptada por Gomes (2012). Através dos resultados obtidos verificou-se que a maior parte dos psicólogos apresenta baixos níveis de Burnout mas que outra parte significativa apresenta níveis médios a elevados, demonstrando uma heterogeneidade de resultados. Relativamente aos fatores que mais contribuem para o aumento dos níveis de stress, revelaram-se mais expressivos os aspetos relacionados com a carreira e a remuneração e o excesso de trabalho.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Diagnóstico de la neumonitis de los avicultores en tiempos de la COVID-19

© 2020 SEPAR. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.The identification of bilateral ground-glass opacifications on thoracic computed tomography (CT) in the COVID-19 ongoing pandemic, supports the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Although COVID-19 pneumonia may present with this typical imaging pattern, itis importantto highlightthat even in an acute clinical setting this pattern it is a non-specific imaging finding and other conditions such as pulmonary oedema, non-infectious pneumonitis and infectious interstitial pneumonia by other pathogens need to be considered.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Nationwide access to endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke in portugal

Publisher Copyright: Copyright Ordem dos M dicos 2021.Introduction: Since the publication of endovascular treatment trials and European Stroke Guidelines, Portugal has re-organized stroke healthcare. The nine centers performing endovascular treatment are not equally distributed within the country, which may lead to differential access to endovascular treatment. Our main aim was to perform a descriptive analysis of the main treatment metrics regarding endovascular treatment in mainland Portugal and its administrative districts. Material and Methods: A retrospective national multicentric cohort study was conducted, including all ischemic stroke patients treated with endovascular treatment in mainland Portugal over two years (July 2015 to June 2017). All endovascular treatment centers contributed to an anonymized database. Demographic, stroke-related and procedure-related variables were collected. Crude endovascular treatment rates were calculated per 100 000 inhabitants for mainland Portugal, and each district and endovascular treatment standardized ratios (indirect age-sex standardization) were also calculated. Patient time metrics were computed as the median time between stroke onset, first-door, and puncture. Results: A total of 1625 endovascular treatment procedures were registered. The endovascular treatment rate was 8.27/100 000 inhabitants/year. We found regional heterogeneity in endovascular treatment rates (1.58 to 16.53/100 000/year), with higher rates in districts closer to endovascular treatment centers. When analyzed by district, the median time from stroke onset to puncture ranged from 212 to 432 minutes, reflecting regional heterogeneity. Discussion: Overall endovascular treatment rates and procedural times in Portugal are comparable to other international registries. We found geographic heterogeneity, with lower endovascular treatment rates and longer onset-to-puncture time in southern and inner regions. Conclusion: The overall national rate of EVT in the first two years after the organization of EVT-capable centers is one of the highest among European countries, however, significant regional disparities were documented. Moreover, stroke-onset-to-first-door times and in-hospital procedural times in the EVT centers were comparable to those reported in the randomized controlled trials performed in high-volume tertiary hospitalspublishersversionpublishe

Acesso a Tratamento Endovascular para Acidente Vascular Cerebral Isquémico em Portugal

Introduction: Since the publication of endovascular treatment trials and European Stroke Guidelines, Portugal has re-organized stroke healthcare. The nine centers performing endovascular treatment are not equally distributed within the country, which may lead to differential access to endovascular treatment. Our main aim was to perform a descriptive analysis of the main treatment metrics regarding endovascular treatment in mainland Portugal and its administrative districts. Material and Methods: A retrospective national multicentric cohort study was conducted, including all ischemic stroke patients treated with endovascular treatment in mainland Portugal over two years (July 2015 to June 2017). All endovascular treatment centers contributed to an anonymized database. Demographic, stroke-related and procedure-related variables were collected. Crude endovascular treatment rates were calculated per 100 000 inhabitants for mainland Portugal, and each district and endovascular treatment standardized ratios (indirect age-sex standardization) were also calculated. Patient time metrics were computed as the median time between stroke onset, first-door, and puncture. Results: A total of 1625 endovascular treatment procedures were registered. The endovascular treatment rate was 8.27/100 000 inhabitants/year. We found regional heterogeneity in endovascular treatment rates (1.58 to 16.53/100 000/year), with higher rates in districts closer to endovascular treatment centers. When analyzed by district, the median time from stroke onset to puncture ranged from 212 to 432 minutes, reflecting regional heterogeneity. Conclusion: The overall national rate of EVT in the first two years after the organization of EVT-capable centers is one of the highest among European countries, however, significant regional disparities were documented. Moreover, stroke-onset-to-first-door times and in-hospital procedural times in the EVT centers were comparable to those reported in the randomized controlled trials performed in high-volume tertiary hospitals.Introdução: A aprovação do tratamento endovascular para o acidente vascular cerebral isquémico obrigou à reorganização dos cuidados de saúde em Portugal. Os nove centros que realizam tratamento endovascular não estão distribuídos equitativamente pelo território, o que poderá causar acesso diferencial a tratamento. O principal objetivo deste estudo é realizar uma análise descritiva da frequência e métricas temporais do tratamento endovascular em Portugal continental e seus distritos. Material e Métodos: Estudo de coorte nacional multicêntrico, incluindo todos os doentes com acidente vascular cerebral isquémico submetidos a tratamento endovascular em Portugal continental durante um período de dois anos (julho 2015 a junho 2017). Foram colhidos dados demográficos, relacionados com o acidente vascular cerebral e variáveis do procedimento. Taxas de tratamento endovascular brutas e ajustadas (ajuste indireto a idade e sexo) foram calculadas por 100 000 habitantes/ano para Portugal continental e cada distrito. Métricas de procedimento como tempo entre instalação, primeira porta e punção foram também analisadas. Resultados: Foram registados 1625 tratamentos endovasculares, indicando uma taxa bruta nacional de tratamento endovascular de 8,27/100 000 habitantes/ano. As taxas de tratamento endovascular entre distritos variaram entre 1,58 e 16,53/100 000/ano, com taxas mais elevadas nos distritos próximos a hospitais com tratamento endovascular. O tempo entre sintomas e punção femural entre distritos variou entre 212 e 432 minutos. Conclusão: Portugal continental apresenta uma taxa nacional de tratamento endovascular elevada, apresentando, contudo, assimetrias regionais no acesso. As métricas temporais foram comparáveis com as observadas nos ensaios clínicos piloto

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora

Prospective observational cohort study on grading the severity of postoperative complications in global surgery research

Background The Clavien–Dindo classification is perhaps the most widely used approach for reporting postoperative complications in clinical trials. This system classifies complication severity by the treatment provided. However, it is unclear whether the Clavien–Dindo system can be used internationally in studies across differing healthcare systems in high- (HICs) and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods This was a secondary analysis of the International Surgical Outcomes Study (ISOS), a prospective observational cohort study of elective surgery in adults. Data collection occurred over a 7-day period. Severity of complications was graded using Clavien–Dindo and the simpler ISOS grading (mild, moderate or severe, based on guided investigator judgement). Severity grading was compared using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Data are presented as frequencies and ICC values (with 95 per cent c.i.). The analysis was stratified by income status of the country, comparing HICs with LMICs. Results A total of 44 814 patients were recruited from 474 hospitals in 27 countries (19 HICs and 8 LMICs). Some 7508 patients (16·8 per cent) experienced at least one postoperative complication, equivalent to 11 664 complications in total. Using the ISOS classification, 5504 of 11 664 complications (47·2 per cent) were graded as mild, 4244 (36·4 per cent) as moderate and 1916 (16·4 per cent) as severe. Using Clavien–Dindo, 6781 of 11 664 complications (58·1 per cent) were graded as I or II, 1740 (14·9 per cent) as III, 2408 (20·6 per cent) as IV and 735 (6·3 per cent) as V. Agreement between classification systems was poor overall (ICC 0·41, 95 per cent c.i. 0·20 to 0·55), and in LMICs (ICC 0·23, 0·05 to 0·38) and HICs (ICC 0·46, 0·25 to 0·59). Conclusion Caution is recommended when using a treatment approach to grade complications in global surgery studies, as this may introduce bias unintentionally

The surgical safety checklist and patient outcomes after surgery: a prospective observational cohort study, systematic review and meta-analysis

© 2017 British Journal of Anaesthesia Background: The surgical safety checklist is widely used to improve the quality of perioperative care. However, clinicians continue to debate the clinical effectiveness of this tool. Methods: Prospective analysis of data from the International Surgical Outcomes Study (ISOS), an international observational study of elective in-patient surgery, accompanied by a systematic review and meta-analysis of published literature. The exposure was surgical safety checklist use. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality and the secondary outcome was postoperative complications. In the ISOS cohort, a multivariable multi-level generalized linear model was used to test associations. To further contextualise these findings, we included the results from the ISOS cohort in a meta-analysis. Results are reported as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals. Results: We included 44 814 patients from 497 hospitals in 27 countries in the ISOS analysis. There were 40 245 (89.8%) patients exposed to the checklist, whilst 7508 (16.8%) sustained ≥1 postoperative complications and 207 (0.5%) died before hospital discharge. Checklist exposure was associated with reduced mortality [odds ratio (OR) 0.49 (0.32–0.77); P\u3c0.01], but no difference in complication rates [OR 1.02 (0.88–1.19); P=0.75]. In a systematic review, we screened 3732 records and identified 11 eligible studies of 453 292 patients including the ISOS cohort. Checklist exposure was associated with both reduced postoperative mortality [OR 0.75 (0.62–0.92); P\u3c0.01; I2=87%] and reduced complication rates [OR 0.73 (0.61–0.88); P\u3c0.01; I2=89%). Conclusions: Patients exposed to a surgical safety checklist experience better postoperative outcomes, but this could simply reflect wider quality of care in hospitals where checklist use is routine

Critical care admission following elective surgery was not associated with survival benefit: prospective analysis of data from 27 countries

This was an investigator initiated study funded by Nestle Health Sciences through an unrestricted research grant, and by a National Institute for Health Research (UK) Professorship held by RP. The study was sponsored by Queen Mary University of London