Colección de Mamíferos del Instituto Humboldt (IAvH-M)

The Mammal Collection of the Humboldt Institute is the third largest collection in the country and houses 9.471 specimens. These belong to 400 species, 212 genera, 51 families and 14 orders, from eight countries, Colombia the one with a higher representation (66,5% of species registered in the country). The best represented orders are Chiroptera, Rodentia, and Primates. The collection houses one neotype and two paratypes of Cebus albifrons albifrons, a paratype of Aotus hershkovitzi and a paratype of Vampyressa sinchi. The collection has been a benchmark for the study of the Colombian mammals and the Institute continues its effort to improve the curatorial status and the information associated to the specimens.La colección de mamíferos del Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt es la tercera colección de mayor número de especímenes en el país con 9.471 determinados en 400 especies, 212 géneros, 51 familias y 14 órdenes, procedentes de ocho países, siendo Colombia el de mayor representatividad (66,5% de la diversidad registrada para el país en este grupo). Los órdenes mejor representados son Chiroptera, Rodentia y Primates. Alberga un neotipo y dos paratipos de Cebus albifrons albifrons, un paratipo de Aotus hershkovitzi y un paratipo de Vampyressa sinchi. La colección ha sido un referente para el estudio de mamíferos colombianos y se continúan realizando esfuerzos para mejorar el estado curatorial y la información asociada a los especímenes

Mariposas diurnas (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) en la Reserva Forestal El Romeral, Cordillera Central, Antioquia, Colombia

We present a public database at SIB Colombia, the product of several studies about the diversity and complementarity of a butterfly community (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) in the El Romeral reserve, a protected area located southwest of the Aburrá Valley on the Central Cordillera in the department of Antioquia, Colombia. We report 69 species, 40 genera, 12 subfamilies and 5 families of butterflies in high Andean ecosystems, between 2250 and 2878 m a.s.l., including unique records and endemic species. The information is associated with specimens and barcode sequences in GenBank.Presentamos una base de datos pública en el SIB Colombia, producto de varios estudios sobre la diversidad y complementariedad de una comunidad de mariposas (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) en la reserva El Romeral, un área protegida ubicada al suroeste del Valle de Aburrá, sobre la cordillera Central en el departamento de Antioquia, Colombia. Se reporta la presencia de 69 especies, 40 géneros, 12 subfamilias y 5 familias de mariposas diurnas en ecosistemas de bosque de niebla, entre los 2250 y 2878 m s.n.m, incluyendo registros únicos y especies endémicas. La información se encuentra asociada a especímenes y a secuencias de código de barras en GenBank

Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study

Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28–2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65–3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3–5 versus grades 1–2 (2·35 [1·57–3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01–2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06–2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01–2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research

Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

Forouzanfar MH, Afshin A, Alexander LT, et al. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. LANCET. 2016;388(10053):1659-1724.Background The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 provides an up-to-date synthesis of the evidence for risk factor exposure and the attributable burden of disease. By providing national and subnational assessments spanning the past 25 years, this study can inform debates on the importance of addressing risks in context. Methods We used the comparative risk assessment framework developed for previous iterations of the Global Burden of Disease Study to estimate attributable deaths, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and trends in exposure by age group, sex, year, and geography for 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks from 1990 to 2015. This study included 388 risk-outcome pairs that met World Cancer Research Fund-defined criteria for convincing or probable evidence. We extracted relative risk and exposure estimates from randomised controlled trials, cohorts, pooled cohorts, household surveys, census data, satellite data, and other sources. We used statistical models to pool data, adjust for bias, and incorporate covariates. We developed a metric that allows comparisons of exposure across risk factors-the summary exposure value. Using the counterfactual scenario of theoretical minimum risk level, we estimated the portion of deaths and DALYs that could be attributed to a given risk. We decomposed trends in attributable burden into contributions from population growth, population age structure, risk exposure, and risk-deleted cause-specific DALY rates. We characterised risk exposure in relation to a Socio-demographic Index (SDI). Findings Between 1990 and 2015, global exposure to unsafe sanitation, household air pollution, childhood underweight, childhood stunting, and smoking each decreased by more than 25%. Global exposure for several occupational risks, high body-mass index (BMI), and drug use increased by more than 25% over the same period. All risks jointly evaluated in 2015 accounted for 57.8% (95% CI 56.6-58.8) of global deaths and 41.2% (39.8-42.8) of DALYs. In 2015, the ten largest contributors to global DALYs among Level 3 risks were high systolic blood pressure (211.8 million [192.7 million to 231.1 million] global DALYs), smoking (148.6 million [134.2 million to 163.1 million]), high fasting plasma glucose (143.1 million [125.1 million to 163.5 million]), high BMI (120.1 million [83.8 million to 158.4 million]), childhood undernutrition (113.3 million [103.9 million to 123.4 million]), ambient particulate matter (103.1 million [90.8 million to 115.1 million]), high total cholesterol (88.7 million [74.6 million to 105.7 million]), household air pollution (85.6 million [66.7 million to 106.1 million]), alcohol use (85.0 million [77.2 million to 93.0 million]), and diets high in sodium (83.0 million [49.3 million to 127.5 million]). From 1990 to 2015, attributable DALYs declined for micronutrient deficiencies, childhood undernutrition, unsafe sanitation and water, and household air pollution; reductions in risk-deleted DALY rates rather than reductions in exposure drove these declines. Rising exposure contributed to notable increases in attributable DALYs from high BMI, high fasting plasma glucose, occupational carcinogens, and drug use. Environmental risks and childhood undernutrition declined steadily with SDI; low physical activity, high BMI, and high fasting plasma glucose increased with SDI. In 119 countries, metabolic risks, such as high BMI and fasting plasma glucose, contributed the most attributable DALYs in 2015. Regionally, smoking still ranked among the leading five risk factors for attributable DALYs in 109 countries; childhood underweight and unsafe sex remained primary drivers of early death and disability in much of sub-Saharan Africa. Interpretation Declines in some key environmental risks have contributed to declines in critical infectious diseases. Some risks appear to be invariant to SDI. Increasing risks, including high BMI, high fasting plasma glucose, drug use, and some occupational exposures, contribute to rising burden from some conditions, but also provide opportunities for intervention. Some highly preventable risks, such as smoking, remain major causes of attributable DALYs, even as exposure is declining. Public policy makers need to pay attention to the risks that are increasingly major contributors to global burden. Copyright (C) The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd

Illustrated and online catalog of the type specimens of birds (Class: Aves) in the Ornithological Collection at the Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt (IAvH-A), Colombia

Córdoba-Córdoba, Sergio, Sierra, Socorro, Borja-Acosta, Kevin Giancarlo (2018): Illustrated and online catalog of the type specimens of birds (Class: Aves) in the Ornithological Collection at the Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt (IAvH-A), Colombia. Zootaxa 4524 (2): 213-226, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4524.2.

Annotated list and online catalog of type specimens in the Mammal collection of Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt (IAvH-M), Colombia

We present the catalog of type specimens Mammal´s Collection of the Instituto Humboldt (IAvH-M). This includes three paratypes and a neotype which represent four nominal species. Corrections, additions, and information updating the original descriptions are incorporated for each nominal species. A photo gallery of the types is presented. An electronic version of this catalog with the originals photography in high definition is available at http://colecciones.humboldt.org.co/especimenes-tipo/catalogomamiferos

Recomendaciones para registrar y almacenar señales acústicas como especímenes digitales en Colombia

The recognition and registration of biodiversity, from its different dimensions, is essential as a baseline in basic and applied sciences. In this context, acoustics is an increasingly relevant resource in the study of the biota. However, there are different methods of collecting acoustic signals, which implies a great variety in the quality of the formats in which these recordings are performed. Only some formats guarantee a high sound quality that gives those recordings a special value for later inclusion in biological studies that require analyzing acoustic parameters. In this document, we offer recommendations to guide the reader in the compilation of high-quality acoustic records, based on the standardized processes adopted in the Colección de Sonidos Ambientales Mauricio Álvarez-Rebolledo at the Humboldt Institute. These processes, in turn, follow institutional suggestions from Macaulay Library at Cornell University, with years of tradition in the study of acoustics and accessibility in their website-based platform. Our objective is to promote the optimization of the methods used in different institutions in Colombia for an adequate management of the repositories of digital specimens.El reconocimiento y registro de la biodiversidad, desde sus distintas dimensiones, es fundamental como línea base en ciencias básicas y aplicadas. En este contexto, la acústica es un recurso cada vez más relevante en el estudio de la biota. Sin embargo, existen diferentes métodos de recolección de señales acústicas, lo que implica una variabilidad en la calidad de los formatos y datos en las que se realizan dichas grabaciones. Solo algunos de estos garantizan una alta calidad de sonido que le da valor para su posterior inclusión en estudios biológicos que requieran analizar parámetros acústicos. En este documento ofrecemos recomendaciones que permitan guiar al lector en la recopilación de registros acústicos de alta calidad, basándonos en los procesos estandarizados adoptados en la Colección de Sonidos Ambientales Mauricio Álvarez-Rebolledo del Instituto Humboldt. Estos procesos, a su vez, siguen sugerencias de instituciones como la Universidad de Cornell, con años de tradición en el estudio de la acústica y disposición de sus audios a través de su plataforma de Macaulay Library. Nuestro objetivo es promover la optimización de los métodos usados en diferentes instituciones en Colombia para una adecuada gestión de los repositorios de especímenes digitales

Sternopygidae

Sternopygidae Japigny kirschbaum Meunier, Jégu & Keith, 2011: 48, fig. 2. Paratypes (Fig. 6). IAvH-P 11199 (2, 122.0-146.0 mm TL). French Guiana, Saut Fracas, Mana River Basin; P. Keith, P.-Y. Le- Bail & P. Planquette, Oct 1994. IAvH-P 11200 (2, 194.0-212.0 mm TL). French Guiana, Litany, Maroni River Basin; M. Jégu et al., Oct. 2000.Published as part of Donascimiento, Carlos, Cárdenas-Bautista, Johann-Stephens, Acosta, Kevin Giancarlo Borja, González-Alvarado, Arturo & Medina, Claudia A., 2016, Illustrated and online catalog of type specimens of freshwater fishes in the Colección de Peces Dulceacuícolas of Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt (IAvH-P), Colombia, pp. 401-438 in Zootaxa 4171 (3) on page 405, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4171.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/26078

BiolCol: Plataforma tecnológica para la difusión de la colección biológica de referencia de macroinvertebrados acuáticos

UNISANGIL posee una de las 5 colecciones de macroinvertebrados acuáticos del país y es la única en el departamento de Santander, a continuación, se describe el proceso de desarrollo de una plataforma bioinformática llamada "Biological Collection - BiolCol" por parte de tres estudiantes y la coordinadora del semillero GIBD-SI del programa de Ingeniería de Sistemas de UNISANGIL, con el objetivo de digitalizar la colección biológica de referencia de macroinvertebrados de UNISANGIL-CBMUS. La metodología de trabajo aplicada en el proceso de desarrollo fue SCRUM, adicionalmente se utilizó la metodología propuesta por el Sampieri para identificar la necesidad, establecer los objetivos, definir el alcance, formular las actividades proyectadas en el tiempo y definir los entregables del proyecto. Se diseñó la arquitectura del sistema, se construyeron modelos y se diseñó la base de datos tomando como referente el estándar Darwin Core utilizado por el sistema de información de biodiversidad de Colombia (SiB Colombia). Para el desarrollo de la interfaz de usuario se utilizaron las herramientas Laravel para el backend y NodeJS para el frontend, se integraron las imágenes y los modelos 3D de los especímenes que tenían la información disponible. La plataforma permite el registro, almacenamiento y visualización de información de los especímenes de la colección CBMUS a través de Internet y genera una etiqueta con código QR para cada individuo que permite la consulta de la información almacenada sobre cada macroinvertebrado registrado. Esta plataforma tiene como objetivo facilitar el registro, la administración y la divulgación de la información de la colección biológica, siendo muy importante para investigadores y la comunidad en general

Biodiversidad 2015. Estado y tendencias de la biodiversidad continental de Colombia

El propósito de este documento es fortalecer la capacidad de agentes públicos y privados para la aplicación de la PNGIBSE, que constituye en sí misma una apuesta de interfaz entre ciencia, política y sociedad en la perspectiva de construir sostenibilidad en el desarrollo. Además de ello, representa un insumo para el seguimiento a los compromisos del país frente a convenios e iniciativas internacionales (CDB, IPBES, OCDE), así como un mecanismo pedagógico para generar interés, conciencia y apropiación de las diferentes dimensiones de la biodiversidad del país.Bogotá, D. C., ColombiaInstituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldtreporte.humboldt.org.coreporte.humboldt.org.co/biodiversidad/en