Technologie BAW-SMR (synthèse des filtres pour une application spatiale et étude de l'accordabilité des filtres pour la téléphonie mobile avec la technologie CMOS 65nm)

Dans l optique de développer de nouveaux système RF les plus intégrés possibles, les technologies above-IC compatibles avec les technologies silicium ouvrent des perspectives prometteuses sur un plan économique pour l industrie du semi-conducteur. En effet, a contrario des résonateurs SAW et céramiques, les résonateurs à ondes acoustiques de volume (BAW) peuvent être fabriqués en utilisant des matériaux compatible CMOS VLSI pour des performances électriques comparables, voir supérieures dans certains cas en termes de fréquence et de puissance. Les travaux de cette thèse ont connus deux grandes partie ; la première a été focalisée sur le développement d une nouvelle topologie de filtre BAW accordable pour des applications de quatrième génération de téléphone mobile (4G). La seconde partie a été orientée vers une étude de faisabilité d un filtre BAW-SMR autour d une fréquence de travail à 7GHz pour une application spatiale.AbstractBORDEAUX1-Bib.electronique (335229901) / SudocSudocFranceF

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and COVID-19 disease severity are associated with genetic variants affecting gene expression in a variety of tissues

Variability in SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and COVID-19 disease severity between individuals is partly due to genetic factors. Here, we identify 4 genomic loci with suggestive associations for SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and 19 for COVID-19 disease severity. Four of these 23 loci likely have an ethnicity-specific component. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) signals in 11 loci colocalize with expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) associated with the expression of 20 genes in 62 tissues/cell types (range: 1:43 tissues/gene), including lung, brain, heart, muscle, and skin as well as the digestive system and immune system. We perform genetic fine mapping to compute 99% credible SNP sets, which identify 10 GWAS loci that have eight or fewer SNPs in the credible set, including three loci with one single likely causal SNP. Our study suggests that the diverse symptoms and disease severity of COVID-19 observed between individuals is associated with variants across the genome, affecting gene expression levels in a wide variety of tissue types

Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We quantified the burden of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries in all parts of the world. Methods: This international, prospective, multicentre cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection within 2-week time periods at any health-care facility in any country. Countries with participating centres were stratified into high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups according to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI). Data variables from the GlobalSurg 1 study and other studies that have been found to affect the likelihood of SSI were entered into risk adjustment models. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day SSI incidence (defined by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for superficial and deep incisional SSI). Relationships with explanatory variables were examined using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02662231. Findings: Between Jan 4, 2016, and July 31, 2016, 13 265 records were submitted for analysis. 12 539 patients from 343 hospitals in 66 countries were included. 7339 (58·5%) patient were from high-HDI countries (193 hospitals in 30 countries), 3918 (31·2%) patients were from middle-HDI countries (82 hospitals in 18 countries), and 1282 (10·2%) patients were from low-HDI countries (68 hospitals in 18 countries). In total, 1538 (12·3%) patients had SSI within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of SSI varied between countries with high (691 [9·4%] of 7339 patients), middle (549 [14·0%] of 3918 patients), and low (298 [23·2%] of 1282) HDI (p < 0·001). The highest SSI incidence in each HDI group was after dirty surgery (102 [17·8%] of 574 patients in high-HDI countries; 74 [31·4%] of 236 patients in middle-HDI countries; 72 [39·8%] of 181 patients in low-HDI countries). Following risk factor adjustment, patients in low-HDI countries were at greatest risk of SSI (adjusted odds ratio 1·60, 95% credible interval 1·05–2·37; p=0·030). 132 (21·6%) of 610 patients with an SSI and a microbiology culture result had an infection that was resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic used. Resistant infections were detected in 49 (16·6%) of 295 patients in high-HDI countries, in 37 (19·8%) of 187 patients in middle-HDI countries, and in 46 (35·9%) of 128 patients in low-HDI countries (p < 0·001). Interpretation: Countries with a low HDI carry a disproportionately greater burden of SSI than countries with a middle or high HDI and might have higher rates of antibiotic resistance. In view of WHO recommendations on SSI prevention that highlight the absence of high-quality interventional research, urgent, pragmatic, randomised trials based in LMICs are needed to assess measures aiming to reduce this preventable complication

A first update on mapping the human genetic architecture of COVID-19

peer reviewe

Technologie BAW-SMR : synthèse des filtres pour une application spatiale et étude de l’accordabilité des filtres pour la téléphonie mobile avec la technologie CMOS 65nm

Dans l’optique de développer de nouveaux système RF les plus intégrés possibles, les technologies above-IC compatibles avec les technologies silicium ouvrent des perspectives prometteuses sur un plan économique pour l’industrie du semi-conducteur. En effet, a contrario des résonateurs SAW et céramiques, les résonateurs à ondes acoustiques de volume (BAW) peuvent être fabriqués en utilisant des matériaux compatible CMOS VLSI pour des performances électriques comparables, voir supérieures dans certains cas en termes de fréquence et de puissance. Les travaux de cette thèse ont connus deux grandes partie ; la première a été focalisée sur le développement d’une nouvelle topologie de filtre BAW accordable pour des applications de quatrième génération de téléphone mobile (4G). La seconde partie a été orientée vers une étude de faisabilité d’un filtre BAW-SMR autour d’une fréquence de travail à 7GHz pour une application spatiale.Abstrac

Technologie BAW-SMR : synthèse des filtres pour une application spatiale et étude de l’accordabilité des filtres pour la téléphonie mobile avec la technologie CMOS 65nm

Dans l’optique de développer de nouveaux système RF les plus intégrés possibles, les technologies above-IC compatibles avec les technologies silicium ouvrent des perspectives prometteuses sur un plan économique pour l’industrie du semi-conducteur. En effet, a contrario des résonateurs SAW et céramiques, les résonateurs à ondes acoustiques de volume (BAW) peuvent être fabriqués en utilisant des matériaux compatible CMOS VLSI pour des performances électriques comparables, voir supérieures dans certains cas en termes de fréquence et de puissance. Les travaux de cette thèse ont connus deux grandes partie ; la première a été focalisée sur le développement d’une nouvelle topologie de filtre BAW accordable pour des applications de quatrième génération de téléphone mobile (4G). La seconde partie a été orientée vers une étude de faisabilité d’un filtre BAW-SMR autour d’une fréquence de travail à 7GHz pour une application spatiale.Abstrac

Depth of implantation in relation to membranous septum as a predictor of conduction disturbances after transcatheter aortic valve implantation

Background: Conduction disturbances remain one of the most common complications occurring post TAVI. We aim to determine the predictors of cardiac conduction disturbances after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) and propose a relevant predictive model.We included 70 consecutive patients with severe symptomatic AS who underwent TAVI using the self-expanding valve Evolut R or the balloon expandable Sapien XT valve. All patients were subjected to electrocardiographic evaluation pre- and post-TAVI and at 30 days. Clinical, echocardiographic, CT-derived, and procedural parameters were collected and analyzed. Results: Conduction disturbances affected 28 patients (40%): 16 patients (22.9 %) developed Left Bundle Branch Block (LBBB), 7 patients (10%) experienced transient Complete Heart Block (CHB), and 5 patients (7.1%) experienced permanent CHB requiring Permanent Pacemaker Implantation (PPI). We classified predictors into preprocedural and procedural predictors. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of pre-procedural predictors showed that the presence of basal septal calcification is the most powerful independent predictor (OR: 28.63, 95% CI: 4.59–178.68, p 70.42% is the most powerful independent procedural predictor (OR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.03–1.2, p 0.006). Conclusion: Conduction disturbances remain a common complication of TAVI. Presence of basal septal calcification is a non-modifiable risk factor that increase patient propensity of development such complication after TAVI. A depth of implantation exceeding 70% of the membranous septal length has been found to strongly predict conduction disturbances post TAVI. sDIMS can be used in planning the depth of implantation to reduce incidence of conduction disturbances post TAVI

A New Competitive Neural Architecture for Object Classification

In this paper, we propose a new neural architecture for object classification, made up from a set of competitive layers whose number and size are dynamically learned from training data using a two-step process that combines unsupervised and supervised learning modes. The first step consists in finding a set of one or more optimal prototypes for each of the c classes that form the training data. For this, it uses the unsupervised learning and prototype generator algorithm called fuzzy learning vector quantization (FLVQ). The second step aims to assess the quality of the learned prototypes in terms of classification results. For this, the c classes are reconstructed by assigning each object to the class represented by its nearest prototype, and the obtained results are compared to the original classes. If one or more constructed classes differ from the original ones, the corresponding prototypes are not validated and the whole process is repeated for all misclassified objects, using additional competitive layers, until no difference persists between the constructed and the original classes or a maximum number of layers is reached. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method on a variety of well-known benchmark data sets

SMR-BAW duplexer for W-CDMA application

International audienc