High Temperature Oxidation and Wear Resistant Bi-Layer Coating for Turbocharger Housing

An upsurge in the demand of higher power generation has been observed in the last few decades. Consequently, the mechanical components of power generation are forced to operate in the extreme working conditions for longer duration, which results in the accelerated wear and corrosion of the material. Conventional material such as grey cast iron (GCI) is a preferred material of components used for power generation at high temperature. Grey cast iron exhibits poor wear and corrosion resistance at high temperature. On the other hand, an advanced material such as Alloy-718 is capable to withstand the high-temperature wear and oxidation for prolonged duration of time. In the current research, high temperature corrosion and erosive wear performance of grey cast iron (GCI) components has been enhanced by depositing a bi-layerAlloy-718/NiCrAlY coating by using high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) thermal spray process. Furthermore, the high temperature corrosion and erosion behaviour of GCI substrate and the deposited coating has been discussed. The various characterization techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) X-ray diffraction, and Vickers micro-hardness testing were conducted for the GCI substrate and Alloy-718 coating, respectively. The Alloy-718 coting showed the increased resistance against high-temperature erosion and oxidation, which can be attributed to its good bonding with the substrate, high hardness and formation of protective phases at high-temperature

Anomaly of the biliopancreatic junction with associated hepatic duct anomaly – a rare case report

Pancreaticobiliary maljunction (PBM) or anomaly is defined as an anatomical maljunction of the biliary duct and pancreatic duct outside of the duodenal wall beyond the influence of the sphincter of Oddi. Children with this anomaly can present with choledochal cyst with recurrent attacks of acute pancreatitis, and condition can be worse when not treated appropriately. Pancreaticobiliary maljunction or anomaly is considered to be a major risk factor for biliary tract cancer. In patients with this anomaly, free reflux of pancreatic juice into biliary tract may cause biliary tract damage, resulting biliary malignancy can occur. Therefore, in this condition total excision of the extrahepatic bile duct with hepaticojejunostomy is recommended. Early diagnosis of this condition and early surgical treatment is the mainstay to prevent further complications. Proper follow-up is necessary to detect biliary tract malignancy in early post-operative period, especially in patients demonstrating post-operative complications. Here we are describing a young boy with an abnormal pancreaticobiliary junction (PBM) with choledochal cyst associated with hepatic duct anomaly and biliary and pancreatic stones causing recurrent attack of acute pancreatitis

Brivaracetam in treating epileptic encephalopathy and refractory focal epilepsies in patients under 14 years of age.

Objectives: To analyze the efficacy and safety of Brivaracetam in pediatric patients with epileptic encephalopathy or unresponsive focal epilepsy. Materials & Methods: This retrospective study was performed on 8 pediatric patients with EE or unresponsive focal epilepsy. Inclusion criteria: (1) 14 years or younger, (2) history of refractory epilepsy, (3) at least 1 month of continuous therapy with BRV, and (4) at least 6 months of follow-up. Exclusion criteria: (1) variation of concomitant antiepileptic drugs during the previous and/or subsequent 4 weeks of the introduction of BRV, (2) levetiracetam in therapy, (3) an epilepsy secondary to a progressive cerebral disease, tumor, or any other progressive neurodegenerative diseases, and (4) a status epilepticus in the month before screening or during the baseline period. The efficacy of BRV was defined as ≥50% of seizure frequency reduction at the end of the follow-up compared to baseline. Results: All patients showed ≥50% seizure frequency reduction, of which 37.5% were seizure-free, 25% had a frequency reduction of ≥75% and 37.5% ≥ 50%. All patients with an epilepsy onset >12 months and duration of the epilepsy ≤6 years were seizure-free. The maximum effect was achieved at 2 mg/kg/day. Focal seizures showed a better response than epileptic encephalopathy. A remarkably positive effect of the Brivaracetam in patients with encephalopathy related to status epilepticus during sleep was noted. No relevant adverse events were noted. Conclusion: Brivaracetam was an effective and well-tolerated treatment in pediatric patients with epileptic encephalopathy or unresponsive focal epilepsy, especially when the epilepsy onset was >12 months and the epilepsy duration ≤6 years. The overall effect was not dose dependent. Brivaracetam could have an indication in encephalopathy related to status epilepticus during sleep

Decentralized reinforce-control of renewable dynamic virtual power plant enabling it to offer ancillary services : an attempt towards net-zero targets

DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT : Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analysed in this study.This article presents internal model control (IMC) based decentralized reinforce-control of renewable dynamic virtual power plant (DVPP) so that, it can be integrated into the power system as a substitution of fuel-based conventional generators. Such grid integration towards net-zero targets could not be possible without providing additional ancillary service (AS) to the power system, as the traditional AS would fall short with the retirement/substitution of conventional generators. The theory of DVPP from a technical perspective (i.e., TDVPP) is presented in a detailed and simplified manner, including the formulation of a generalized control objective (desired specification) for DVPP integration. The solution approach includes two steps: (1) disaggregation of desired specification and (2) decentralized reinforce-control to match the disaggregated specification. The theory and solution approach for DVPP integration is presented in a generalized manner enabling the DVPP to offer multiple ASs, but the case study is limited only to frequency control AS (FCAS) in this article. The study is performed on the ‘western system coordinating council (WSCC)’ test system, in which an attempt is made towards net-zero targets by substituting the largest thermal generator with renewable DVPP ensuring the grid's operation or dynamics safe.King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Saudi Arabia and Department of Library Services, University of Pretoria, South Africa.http://wileyonlinelibrary.com/iet-rpghj2024Electrical, Electronic and Computer EngineeringSDG-07:Affordable and clean energySDG-09: Industry, innovation and infrastructur

Integration of 150 Gbps/fiber optical engines based on multicore fibers and 6-channel VCSELs and PDs

Multicore fiber enables a parallel optic data link with a single optical fiber, thus providing an attractive way to increase the total throughput and the integration density of the interconnections. We study and present photonics integration technologies and optical coupling approaches for multicore transmitter and receiver subassemblies. Such optical engines are implemented and characterized using multimode 6-core fibers and multicore-optimized active devices: 850-nm VCSEL and PD arrays with circular layout and multi-channel driver and receiver ICs. They are developed for bit-rates of 25 Gbps/channel and beyond, i.e. <150 Gbps per fiber, and also optimized for ruggedized transceivers with extended operation temperature range, for harsh environment applications, including space

Mapping of variations in child stunting, wasting and underweight within the states of India: the Global Burden of Disease Study 2000–2017

Background To inform actions at the district level under the National Nutrition Mission (NNM), we assessed the prevalence trends of child growth failure (CGF) indicators for all districts in India and inequality between districts within the states. Methods We assessed the trends of CGF indicators (stunting, wasting and underweight) from 2000 to 2017 across the districts of India, aggregated from 5 × 5 km grid estimates, using all accessible data from various surveys with subnational geographical information. The states were categorised into three groups using their Socio-demographic Index (SDI) levels calculated as part of the Global Burden of Disease Study based on per capita income, mean education and fertility rate in women younger than 25 years. Inequality between districts within the states was assessed using coefficient of variation (CV). We projected the prevalence of CGF indicators for the districts up to 2030 based on the trends from 2000 to 2017 to compare with the NNM 2022 targets for stunting and underweight, and the WHO/UNICEF 2030 targets for stunting and wasting. We assessed Pearson correlation coefficient between two major national surveys for district-level estimates of CGF indicators in the states. Findings The prevalence of stunting ranged 3.8-fold from 16.4% (95% UI 15.2–17.8) to 62.8% (95% UI 61.5–64.0) among the 723 districts of India in 2017, wasting ranged 5.4-fold from 5.5% (95% UI 5.1–6.1) to 30.0% (95% UI 28.2–31.8), and underweight ranged 4.6-fold from 11.0% (95% UI 10.5–11.9) to 51.0% (95% UI 49.9–52.1). 36.1% of the districts in India had stunting prevalence 40% or more, with 67.0% districts in the low SDI states group and only 1.1% districts in the high SDI states with this level of stunting. The prevalence of stunting declined significantly from 2010 to 2017 in 98.5% of the districts with a maximum decline of 41.2% (95% UI 40.3–42.5), wasting in 61.3% with a maximum decline of 44.0% (95% UI 42.3–46.7), and underweight in 95.0% with a maximum decline of 53.9% (95% UI 52.8–55.4). The CV varied 7.4-fold for stunting, 12.2-fold for wasting, and 8.6-fold for underweight between the states in 2017; the CV increased for stunting in 28 out of 31 states, for wasting in 16 states, and for underweight in 20 states from 2000 to 2017. In order to reach the NNM 2022 targets for stunting and underweight individually, 82.6% and 98.5% of the districts in India would need a rate of improvement higher than they had up to 2017, respectively. To achieve the WHO/UNICEF 2030 target for wasting, all districts in India would need a rate of improvement higher than they had up to 2017. The correlation between the two national surveys for district-level estimates was poor, with Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.7 only in Odisha and four small north-eastern states out of the 27 states covered by these surveys. Interpretation CGF indicators have improved in India, but there are substantial variations between the districts in their magnitude and rate of decline, and the inequality between districts has increased in a large proportion of the states. The poor correlation between the national surveys for CGF estimates highlights the need to standardise collection of anthropometric data in India. The district-level trends in this report provide a useful reference for targeting the efforts under NNM to reduce CGF across India and meet the Indian and global targets. Keywords Child growth failureDistrict-levelGeospatial mappingInequalityNational Nutrition MissionPrevalenceStuntingTime trendsUnder-fiveUndernutritionUnderweightWastingWHO/UNICEF target

Deep phenotyping and genomic data from a nationally representative study on dementia in India

The Harmonized Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia for the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI-DAD) is a nationally representative in-depth study of cognitive aging and dementia. We present a publicly available dataset of harmonized cognitive measures of 4,096 adults 60 years of age and older in India, collected across 18 states and union territories. Blood samples were obtained to carry out whole blood and serum-based assays. Results are included in a venous blood specimen datafile that can be linked to the Harmonized LASI-DAD dataset. A global screening array of 960 LASI-DAD respondents is also publicly available for download, in addition to neuroimaging data on 137 LASI-DAD participants. Altogether, these datasets provide comprehensive information on older adults in India that allow researchers to further understand risk factors associated with cognitive impairment and dementia.Peer reviewe

Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Measurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb[superscript −1]. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph + pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat + sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio

Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan Koperasi di Kabupaten Pelalawan

This paper describe development and financial performance of cooperative in District Pelalawan among 2007 - 2008. Studies on primary and secondary cooperative in 12 sub-districts. Method in this stady use performance measuring of productivity, efficiency, growth, liquidity, and solvability of cooperative. Productivity of cooperative in Pelalawan was highly but efficiency still low. Profit and income were highly, even liquidity of cooperative very high, and solvability was good