Nursing-Related Interventions to Obstetric Violence: A Literature Review

The aim of this literature search was to explore the prevalence of obstetric violence and identify nursing interventions that could potentially prevent the mistreatment of pregnant women in the United States healthcare system. Background: The topics of obstetric violence and healthcare disparities have been gaining awareness. Other countries have a larger body of research for obstetric violence compared to the U.S. Methods: CINAHL Plus with Full Text and MEDLINE databases were utilized. Global perspectives were considered in conjunction with the U.S. and specifically Florida. Healthcare disparities in obstetric care were identified, based on race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, sexuality, disability, weight, and age. Results: There were seven studies related to obstetric violence in U.S. healthcare facilities, none in Florida. These studies found there was obstetric violence in U.S. healthcare facilities, however, it was inconclusive to the degree and rate of mistreatment as well as the effectiveness of any stated prevention strategies. The quality of the reporting limited the generalizability and rate of mistreatment. Discussion: Nursing interventions to obstetric violence were readiness to learn, shared decision-making, empathy, and self-reflection. Nurses can implement these interventions to improve the quality of patient care and prevent violence within the healthcare setting

Social Class

Discussion of class structure in fifth-century Athens, historical constitution of theater audiences, and the changes in the comic representation of class antagonism from Aristophanes to Menander

Patients' Views With Regard to Personal Recovery in Forensic Psychiatry in German-Speaking Switzerland—An Explorative Study

Recovery orientation (RO) is a modality of supporting patients to improve self-determination, leading a meaningful life and well-being in general. This approach is widely studied in general psychiatry, but evidence is lacking for forensic inpatient settings in Switzerland. While secure forensic clinics tend to be regarded as total institutions, which are an anathema to RO, a project to implement RO interventions in this setting was financed by the Swiss Federal Office of Justice. This explorative study investigates baseline expectations and views of patients in forensic wards in German-speaking Switzerland in the context of a recovery-oriented intervention. As such wards are non-existent in Latin-speaking Switzerland, the investigation could only be carried out in this language region. Six focus groups with 37 forensic inpatients were conducted. Thematic analysis revealed two major and several subthemes. The major theme “heteronomy” includes the subthemes “stigmatization and shame,” “coercion,” “lack of support,” “mistrust,” “waiting,” and “structural impediments.” The subthemes “learning to live with the disorder and working on oneself,” “participation,” “connectedness,” “confidence,” and “joie de vivre” belong to the major theme “regaining self-determination.” In this way, results of prior research are extended to forensic peculiarities. Furthermore, the personal views of patients are discussed in detail regarding their possible influence on therapeutic outcomes and personal recovery. These findings should be of help to therapeutic staff in the respective setting to be better informed about, and to counter the effects of, heteronomy and long-term hospitalization. Important in this regard is the concept of procedural justice and the subjective client's perception thereof

Major review of national strategies and policies for combatting air pollution for the Federal Republic of Germany as of 1990

SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: RN 8422(1990,36) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman

Defining Roman Art

This chapter begins with a current restrictive definition of Roman art; a definition that has resulted in a separation of artworks produced in the Roman period into "Greek" and "Roman" categories. The study of the "Greek" category as part of the study of Roman otium or private life has actually perpetuated a division of material along the same old lines. The chapter argues that these separate categories created within Roman artistic production cannot be sustained. On closer scrutiny they quickly collapse into one another, and they must be accepted as parts of the same visual culture. The author argues that the large numbers of classical Greek originals should also be included in the definition of Roman visual culture. The chapter explains how Roman visual culture actually works. For the Romans, all the visual arts of the Greek tradition, from archaic to late Hellenistic, were simultaneously present