New distributional records of Mecoptera (Insecta) from Colombia

We present new distributional records for two Colombian species of Bittacidae. Pazius convolutus García-García & Cadena-Castañeda, 2015 and Bittacus panamensis Byers, 1958 previously known from Cundinamarca department are herein newly recorded from Santander and Magdalena, respectively. In addition, we recorded Bittacus pignatelli Navás, 1932 in Colombia for the first time, increasing the number of species of Mecoptera in the country. Comments about mating behavior of P. convolutus, as well as a distribution map and a check-list of Colombian species of Mecoptera are included

Hiperaldosteronismo causado por quiste adrenal

Introducción: los quistes adrenales son poco comunes, en especial los de tipo funcional, ya que solo se hallaron 3 casos reportados en la literatura. Objetivo: presentar un caso clínico de un paciente con hiperaldosteronismo asociado a un quiste adrenal. Presentación del caso: paciente masculino de 39 años con hipertensión arterial desde los 38 años al cual se le deciden realizar estudios de hipertensión secundaria, encontrando como hallazgo positivo hiperaldosteronismo primario en la evaluación inicial. Se realizó confirmación bioquímica con test de supresión con solución con un posterior hallazgo de adenoma adrenal izquierdo de baja densidad en TAC de abdomen contrastado, por lo que fue llevado a que se le realizara una adrenalectomía laparoscópica con curación bioquímica, según evaluación a los cuatro meses postoperatorios sin uso de antihipertensivos. Discusión y conclusión: los quistes adrenales generalmente se presentan unilateralmente con diferentes categorías histopatológicas, además, lo usual es que sean no funcionales. El hiperaldosteronismo primario es una causa común de hipertensión secundaria y puede estar asociado a complicaciones cardiovasculares. Su diagnóstico se basa en la medición de aldosterona y renina en sangre y confirmación bioquímica, con posterior evaluación de localización, incluyendo, en la mayoría de los casos, cateterismo de venas suprarrenales para determinar la causa subyacente. Nuestro paciente constituye el cuarto caso publicado en la literatura sobre un quiste con sobreproducción hormonal confirmado bioquímicamente, lo cual es importante para no descartar la presencia de quistes como posible etiología de producción hormonal que, si bien no es lo más común, es posible encontrarlos

Real-Time Bird's Eye View Multi-Object Tracking system based on Fast Encoders for object detection

2020 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC), September 20-23, 2020, Rhodes, Greece. Virtual Conference.This paper presents a Real-Time Bird’s Eye View Multi Object Tracking (MOT) system pipeline for an Autonomous Electric car, based on Fast Encoders for object detection and a combination of Hungarian algorithm and Bird’s Eye View (BEV) Kalman Filter, respectively used for data association and state estimation. The system is able to analyze 360 degrees around the ego-vehicle as well as estimate the future trajectories of the environment objects, being the essential input for other layers of a self-driving architecture, such as the control or decision-making. First, our system pipeline is described, merging the concepts of online and realtime DATMO (Deteccion and Tracking of Multiple Objects), ROS (Robot Operating System) and Docker to enhance the integration of the proposed MOT system in fully-autonomous driving architectures. Second, the system pipeline is validated using the recently proposed KITTI-3DMOT evaluation tool that demonstrates the full strength of 3D localization and tracking of a MOT system. Finally, a comparison of our proposal with other state-of-the-art approaches is carried out in terms of performance by using the mainstream metrics used on MOT benchmarks and the recently proposed integral MOT metrics, evaluating the performance of the tracking system over all detection thresholds.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y UniversidadesComunidad de Madri

Aislamiento e identificación de células madre adultas a partir de la grasa infrapatelar de Hoffa / Isolation and identification of stem cells derived of infrapatelar fat pad

ResumenIntroducción: La grasa infrapatelar de Hoffa es una inclusión infraarticular presente en la rodilla y existen evidencias que células multipotentes están presentes en tejido adiposo del humano adulto.Objetivo: El propósito de este trabajo es aislar e identificar células mesenquimales a partir de muestras de la grasa de Hoffa tomadas de pacientes a los que se les practicó cirugía de rodilla que expongan este tejido.Metodología: Una vez obtenido el consentimiento informado de un total de 12 pacientes, se obtuvo la muestra de tejido graso. La grasa fue disgregada incubándola en colagenasa en PBS a 37ºC y con agitación, luego se inactivó con suero fetal bovino, se separaron mediante centrifugación los adipocitos maduros de las células multipotentes y se obtuvieron las muestras para sembrar en medio Mesencult. Una porción de muestra fue utilizada para identificación mediante citometría de flujo y otra parte para ser coloreada con azul de metileno.Resultados y Discusión: Tanto en las tinciones con azul de metileno como en los cultivos celulares se han apreciado células con la morfología propia de una célula mesenquimal en forma de estrella y que fueron corroborados mediante citometría de flujo para los marcadores CD13, CD29, CD59 y CD105; igualmente hemos podido observar la efectividad del tratamiento enzimático.Conclusiones: En la actualidad nos encontramos consolidando los cultivos primarios para posteriormente diferenciarlos en líneas celulares específicas que puedan ser utilizadas en estudios de patologías, tales como obesidad, diabetes y trastornos articulares.Palabras clave: Células madre, grasa de Hoffa, células mandis, cultivo celular.AbstractIntroduction: The infrapatellar fat pad (sometimes know Hoffa´s pad) is a soft tissue that lies beneath the patella (kneecap) separating it from the femoral condyle. There is evidence suggesting the presence of stem cells on adipose tissue in the adult human.Objective: The purpose of this work is to isolate and identify grown stem cells from Hoffa´s fat samples obtained from patients undergoing surgeries exposing this tissue.Materials and Methods: After obtaining informed consent, the biopsy of Hoffa´s fat pad was obtained. The samples were incubated with collagenase and PBS a 37 ºC and agitated, then it was inactivated with fetal bovine serum and centrifuged, washed twice with PBS, the pellet was resuspended and one part was cultivated on Mesencult medium the other part was used for flow cytometry and stained with methylene blue for morphologic analysis. Also before and after the enzyme digestion, the samples were added to 10% formaldehyde to evaluate the collagenase treatment.Results and analysis: The results show the effectiveness of the enzymatic treatment, the architecture of the adipose tissue was lost. The star shape stem cells morphology was appreciated with methylene blue in the cultures, it was corroborated by flow cytometry with CD13, CD29, CD59 and CD 105 markers.Conclusions: Primary cultures are consolidating, the next aim will be to obtain differentiated specific cell types that can be use in the study of obesity, diabetes and articular illnesses. Keywords: Stem cells, infrapatellar fat pad, mandis cells, culture cellula

Caracterización y evaluación de agroecosistemas a escala predial un estudio de caso: centro agropecuario cotove (santa fé de antioquia, colombia).

Se caracteriza y evalúa el estado, condición y tendencia, de los Agroecosistemas (AE) del Centro Agropecuario Cotové de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, mediante la parametrización y análisis de las variadas Receptividad Tecnológica (RT) e Intensidad Tecnológica (IT), con base en la propuesta metodológica de Vélez y Gastó (1999), en cuanto a la diversidad de AE y de usos, manejo y acogida tecnológica, dotaciónen tecnoestructura e hidroestructura, potencial productivo y servicios a la sociedad local regional y nacional. Los resultados muestran que la mayor parte del área del Centro (60,2%) tiene RT Alta, la cual admite el establecimiento de Sistemas de Manejo Agrotecnológico (SMA) Mecanizados Avanzados, pero solo el 15,72% del área es manejado con este SMA. El 69.3% del área del Centro, principalmente bajo cobertura de pasto para ganadería de pie de cría, es manejada con SMA tradicional. Como producto de la interacción entre RT y los SMA utilizados, se encontraron nueve AE, de los cuales, cinco, que representan el 27,1% del área (33,6 ha), se manejan con tecnologías adecuadas a sus condiciones biofísicas o de receptividad tecnológica (IT Adecuada), y los otros cuatro, que representan el 69,4% del área (86,1 ha), son manejados con tecnologías que no se corresponden con sus condiciones de RT (IT extensivas e inadecuadas), lo que conlleva a la subutilización y/o deterioro de sus condiciones biofísicas y ecológicas

Neuropathy induced by medical cancer therapy

  Los avances recientes en el tratamiento de las enfermedades neoplásicas han mejorado las tasas de supervivencia. Las intervenciones médicas generan diversos efectos adversos agudos que comprometen el tracto gastrointestinal y la médula ósea, mientras la neurotoxicidad tiende a ser tardía y evoluciona en el tiempo. En el sistema nervioso periférico es frecuente documentar la neuropatía inducida por el tratamiento médico del cáncer, hallazgo relacionado con la administración de agentes quimioterapéuticos utilizados para controlar los tumores hematológicos y sólidos. El tratamiento oncológico genera una gran variedad de cambios estructurales y funcionales en los nervios periféricos, incluyendo la afectación de los cuerpos neuronales del sistema de transporte axonal, del recubrimiento mielínico y de las estructuras de soporte glial. Cada agente presenta un espectro de toxicidad único que se relaciona con su mecanismo de acción, eventos que pueden mitigarse gracias a los resultados de múltiples estudios. Gracias al reconocimiento de los efectos devastadores de la neuropatía inducida por el tratamiento médico del cáncer en la calidad de vida, la investigación básica y clínica ha empezado a evaluar el papel de múltiples terapias para prevenir y tratar el daño neurológico. Esta revisión integra información seleccionada a partir de búsquedas estructuras realizadas en las bases de datos biomédicas más relevantes, haciendo énfasis en el diagnóstico y en las intervenciones farmacológicas y no farmacológicas descritas como parte del manejo de la neuropatía inducida por el tratamiento médico del cáncer, que con frecuencia es subvalorada. En conclusión, la información disponible hasta el momento permite establecer los mecanismos de la enfermedad y sugiere el desarrollo de un número mayor de estudios que permitan validar las estrategias descritas hasta el momento. (MÉD.UIS. 2010;23(2):100-19). Palabras clave: Neuropatía periférica. Neoplasia. Enfermedad de los nervios periféricos. Quimioterapia. Taxanos. Vincristina. Cisplatino. Agentes antineoplásicos. Efectos adversos.      Recent advances in the development and administration of therapy for malignant diseases have been rewarded with prolonged survival rates. Unlike more immediate toxicities that affect the gastrointestinal tract and bone marrow, chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity is frequently delayed in onset and may progress over time. In the peripheral nervous system, the major brunt of the toxicity is directed against the peripheral nerve, resulting in cancer therapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. Chemotherapeutic agents used to treat hematologic and solid tumors target a variety of structures and functions in the peripheral nervous system, including the neuronal cell body, the axonal transport system, the myelin sheath, and glial support structures. Each agent exhibits a spectrum of effects unique to its mechanism of action, and recent studies in this field have yielded clearer ideas on how to mitigate injury. Combined with the call for a greater recognition of the devastating effects of cancer therapy-induced peripheral neuropathy on quality of life, basic and clinical researchers have begun to investigate therapy to prevent and treat neurologic damage. This review was made based on relevant information avaliable on international databases concerning cancer therapy-induced peripheral neuropathy and summarizes the evidence for diagnosis, pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic approaches to the management of this commonly unrecognized condition. In conclusion, the information avaliable in this moment establish the mechanisms of the disease and exposes the importance of the development of statistically stronger clinical trials that complement current data available in this moment. (MÉD.UIS. 2010;23(1):100-19) Key words: Peripheral neuropathy. Neoplasm. Peripheral nervous system diseases/chemicall induced. Chemotherapy. Taxane. Vincristine. Cisplatin. Antineoplastic agents. Adverse effects

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We quantified the burden of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries in all parts of the world. Methods: This international, prospective, multicentre cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection within 2-week time periods at any health-care facility in any country. Countries with participating centres were stratified into high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups according to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI). Data variables from the GlobalSurg 1 study and other studies that have been found to affect the likelihood of SSI were entered into risk adjustment models. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day SSI incidence (defined by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for superficial and deep incisional SSI). Relationships with explanatory variables were examined using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02662231. Findings: Between Jan 4, 2016, and July 31, 2016, 13 265 records were submitted for analysis. 12 539 patients from 343 hospitals in 66 countries were included. 7339 (58·5%) patient were from high-HDI countries (193 hospitals in 30 countries), 3918 (31·2%) patients were from middle-HDI countries (82 hospitals in 18 countries), and 1282 (10·2%) patients were from low-HDI countries (68 hospitals in 18 countries). In total, 1538 (12·3%) patients had SSI within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of SSI varied between countries with high (691 [9·4%] of 7339 patients), middle (549 [14·0%] of 3918 patients), and low (298 [23·2%] of 1282) HDI (p < 0·001). The highest SSI incidence in each HDI group was after dirty surgery (102 [17·8%] of 574 patients in high-HDI countries; 74 [31·4%] of 236 patients in middle-HDI countries; 72 [39·8%] of 181 patients in low-HDI countries). Following risk factor adjustment, patients in low-HDI countries were at greatest risk of SSI (adjusted odds ratio 1·60, 95% credible interval 1·05–2·37; p=0·030). 132 (21·6%) of 610 patients with an SSI and a microbiology culture result had an infection that was resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic used. Resistant infections were detected in 49 (16·6%) of 295 patients in high-HDI countries, in 37 (19·8%) of 187 patients in middle-HDI countries, and in 46 (35·9%) of 128 patients in low-HDI countries (p < 0·001). Interpretation: Countries with a low HDI carry a disproportionately greater burden of SSI than countries with a middle or high HDI and might have higher rates of antibiotic resistance. In view of WHO recommendations on SSI prevention that highlight the absence of high-quality interventional research, urgent, pragmatic, randomised trials based in LMICs are needed to assess measures aiming to reduce this preventable complication