MACE: Joint Deliverable "Functional prototype for metadata tools and concepts"

This deliverable describes concepts and functional prototypes developed in MACE. Its goal is to describe the prototypes for metadata enrichment developed in the MACE project so far. As a joint deliverable, it is a collection of the following deliverables listed in the Description of Work: - D3.2 Functional Prototype for usage metadata - D4.3 Functional Prototype for contextual metadata - D5.2 Functional Prototype for competence and process metadata - D6.3 Functional Prototype for content and domain metadata For each deliverable, a separate chapter is included so that references to the planned deliverables can be derived easily. In addition, this deliverable is strongly connected to Joint Deliverable JD5: "MACE toolset and infrastructure, prototype", also due in M15

MACE – Enriching Architectural Learning Objects for Experience Multiplication.

Stefaner, M., Dalla Vecchia, E., Condotta, M., Wolpers, M., Specht, M., Apelt, M., Duval, E. (2007) MACE – Enriching Architectural Learning Objects for Experience Multiplication. In: Duval, E., Klamma, R., & Wolpers, M. (eds.) EC-TEL 2007. LNCS 4753; Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; pp. 322-336.Education in architecture requires access to a broad range of architectural learning material to develop flexibility and creativity in design. The learning material is compromised of digital information captured in textual and visual media including single images, videos, description of architectural concepts or complete architectural projects, i.e. digital artifacts on different aggregation levels. The repositories storing such information are not interrelated and do not provide unified access so that retrieval of architectural learning objects is cumbersome and time consuming. In this paper, we describe how an infrastructure of federated architectural learning repositories will provide unique, integrated access facilities for high quality architectural content. The integration of various types of content, usage, social and contextual metadata enables users to develop multiple perspectives and navigation paths that support experience multiplication for the user. A service– oriented software architecture that is based on open standards, and a flexible user interface design solutions based on widgets ensure easy integration and re- combinability of contents, metadata and functionalities

Multiple circadian clock outputs regulate diel turnover of carbon and nitrogen reserves

Plants accumulate reserves in the daytime to support growth at night. Circadian regulation of diel reserve turnover was investigated by profiling starch, sugars, glucose 6‐phosphate, organic acids, and amino acids during a light–dark cycle and after transfer to continuous light in Arabidopsis wild types and in mutants lacking dawn (lhy cca1), morning (prr7 prr9), dusk (toc1, gi), or evening (elf3) clock components. The metabolite time series were integrated with published time series for circadian clock transcripts to identify circadian outputs that regulate central metabolism. (a) Starch accumulation was slower in elf3 and prr7 prr9. It is proposed that ELF3 positively regulates starch accumulation. (b) Reducing sugars were high early in the T‐cycle in elf3, revealing that ELF3 negatively regulates sucrose recycling. (c) The pattern of starch mobilization was modified in all five mutants. A model is proposed in which dawn and dusk/evening components interact to pace degradation to anticipated dawn. (d) An endogenous oscillation of glucose 6‐phosphate revealed that the clock buffers metabolism against the large influx of carbon from photosynthesis. (e) Low levels of organic and amino acids in lhy cca1 and high levels in prr7 prr9 provide evidence that the dawn components positively regulate the accumulation of amino acid reserves.Research was supported by the Max Planck Society and European Union (Seventh Framework Programme, TiMet, no. 245143), by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (UK) in the form of an Institute Strategic Grant (BB/J004596/1) to the John Innes Centre, and by the John Innes Foundation. We are grateful to Karen Halliday for discussions about the EC‐independent function of ELF3

Water hammer with column separation: A historical review

Column separation refers to the breaking of liquid columns in fully filled pipelines. This may occur in a water-hammer event when the pressure in a pipeline drops to the vapor pressure at specific locations such as closed ends, high points or knees (changes in pipe slope). The liquid columns are separated by a vapor cavity that grows and diminishes according to the dynamics of the system. The collision of two liquid columns, or of one liquid column with a closed end, may cause a large and nearly instantaneous rise in pressure. This pressure rise travels through the entire pipeline and forms a severe load for hydraulic machinery, individual pipes and supporting structures. The situation is even worse: in one water-hammer event many repetitions of cavity formation and collapse may occur. This paper reviews water hammer with column separation from the discovery of the phenomenon in the late 19th century, the recognition of its danger in the 1930s, the development of numerical methods in the 1960s and 1970s, to the standard models used in commercial software packages in the late 20th century. A comprehensive survey of laboratory tests and field measurements is given. The review focuses on transient vaporous cavitation. Gaseous cavitation and steam condensation are beyond the scope of the paper. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.A. Bergant, A.R. Simpson, and A.S. Tijsselinghttp://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/622877/description#descriptio

N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid and neuroinflammation in aging and Alzheimer's disease

The innate immune system of the brain is mainly composed of microglial cells, which play a key role in the maintenance of synapses and the protection of neurons against noxious agents or lesions owing to their phagocytic activity. In the healthy brain, microglia are highly motile and strongly interact with neurons either by physical contact, induction of oxidative stress or through specific mediators, such as chemokines and cytokines. In response to inflammatory insult however, microglial cells get activated and produce inflammatory cytokines. The action of cytokines on specific receptors expressed in the brain triggers the development of sickness behavior and altered cognitive and emotional processes. The effects are acute and reversible as normal behavior is restored once the synthesis of inflammatory brain cytokines returns to baseline after a few hours. However, in pathological situations, these cytokines may reach toxic levels and have irreversible consequences such as neuronal death, as observed in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease. Omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are essential nutrients and fundamental components of neuronal and glial cell membranes. They accumulate in the brain during the perinatal period in a dietary supply-dependent fashion. Their brain levels may diminish with age, but can be increased by diets enriched in n-3 PUFAs. Changes in the immune profile have been associated with n-3 PUFAs intake in humans and animal models. Therefore, the increasing exposure of the population to diets low in n-3 PUFAs could contribute to the deleterious effects of the chronic activation of microglia in the brain

(überarbeitete und aktualisierte Fassung von Petzke/Tyrell 2012)

Petzke M, Tyrell H. Religiöse Organisationen . In: Apelt M, Tacke V, eds. Handbuch Organisationstypen. Aktualisierte und erweiterte Auflage. Wiesbaden: Springer; 2023: 469-498.(überarbeitete und aktualisierte Fassung von Petzke/Tyrell 2012

Religiöse Organisationen

Petzke M, Tyrell H. Religiöse Organisationen. In: Apelt M, Tacke V, eds. Handbuch Organisationstypen. Wiesbaden: Springer VS; 2012: 275-306