The Mental Lives of Sheep and the Quest for a Psychological Taxonomy

In this commentary on Marino and Merskin's "Intelligence, complexity, and individuality in sheep", I argue that their literature review provides further evidence of the fundamental theoretical shift in psychology towards a non-anthropocentric psychological taxonomy, in which cognitive capacities are classified in a structure that provides an overall understanding of the place of mind (including human minds) throughout nature

Big Data and Changing Concepts of the Human

Big Data has the potential to enable unprecedentedly rigorous quantitative modeling of complex human social relationships and social structures. When such models are extended to nonhuman domains, they can undermine anthropocentric assumptions about the extent to which these relationships and structures are specifically human. Discoveries of relevant commonalities with nonhumans may not make us less human, but they promise to challenge fundamental views of what it is to be human

Improving the Lives of Young Children: Opportunities for Care Coordination and Case Management for Children Receiving Services for Developmental Delay

Summarizes new opportunities for states to develop a coordinated system of care for children receiving early childhood intervention and services and how providers can support effective care coordination and case management policies

The International encyclopedia of language and social interaction

Formulation is the interactional practice of referring to objects, persons, activities, or previous conversation. This article presents a brief history of formulation in the field of language and social interaction and outlines current knowledge of the practices of formulation. The article also describes three different senses of formulation that appear in the literature on conversation analysis and the relationship of these to each other

The Fallacy of the Homuncular Fallacy

A leading theoretical framework for naturalistic explanation of mind holds that we explain the mind by positing progressively "stupider" capacities ("homunculi") until the mind is "discharged" by means of capacities that are not intelligent at all. The so-called homuncular fallacy involves violating this procedure by positing the same capacities at subpersonal levels. I argue that the homuncular fallacy is not a fallacy, and that modern-day homunculi are idle posits. I propose an alternative view of what naturalism requires that reflects how the cognitive sciences are actually integrating mind and matter

Racial Disparities in Buffalo

This fact sheet examines data on racial disparities in Buffalo and, where possible, compares it with data from four other medium-sized cities with similar racial composition. Buffalo is the 8th most segregated metropolitan area in the nation. Segregation is prominent not only in the region, but also within the city, with South Buffalo consisting of 96% whites and 1% African Americans and Masten Community consisting of 87% African Americans

The Working Poor and Social Security Privatization: Restoring the Opportunity to Save

Many defenders of Social Security assert that the program favors the poor and keeps low-wage earners out of poverty. Those claims are mistaken. Today, despite Social Security's progressive benefit structure, more than 1 in 10 seniors live in poverty. Social Security simply costs too much and pays too little. The rate of return on Social Security taxes paid during a working life is dismal, making the opportunity cost of participating in the program instead of a private retirement plan tremendous. Social Security's approaching fiscal crisis threatens to make this situation worse. The poor would accrue substantial savings and enjoy much larger retirement benefits if they were allowed to redirect payroll taxes to individually owned, privately invested accounts. Instead of relying on political promises for retirement security, low-wage workers would have tangible retirement savings built from their earnings. Such a system would provide greater financial security and would go a long way toward eliminating poverty among the elderly

Review of: It Just Ain\u27t Fair: The Ethics of Health Care for African Americans (Annette Dula & Sara Goering eds.)

Review of: It Just Ain\u27t Fair: The Ethics of Health Care for African Americans (Annette Dula & Sara Goering eds., Praeger 1994) About the editors and contributors, acknowledgements, bibliography, foreword by Mark Siegler, index, notes. L.C. 93-43780, ISBN 0-275-94494-8. [ 336 pp. Paper $19.95. P.O. Box 5007, Westport CT 06881-5007.