Validação do instrumento reduzido Diabetes-21 para avaliação da qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde em pessoas com diabetes

Objective: To analyze the validity, reliability and interpretability of a reduced instrument for assessing health-related quality of life in diabetes. Methods: Crosssectional study with people with diabetes, consisting of the phases: adaptation of the Diabetes-39 instrument (5 dimensions and 39 items), pre-test, analysis of structural validity, reliability, concurrent validity and interpretability. Results: The factor structure of the final version of the reduced instrument was different from the original. There was a reduction from 39 to 21 items and a reduction from 5 to 4 dimensions. The factor loadings in the exploratory and confirmatory analyzes ranged between 0.41-0.90 and 0.51-0.89, respectively. Reliability was adequate (Cronbach's alpha=0.91; Kappa≥0.60 in all items; intraclass correlation coefficient=0.91). Conclusion: The Diabetes-21 instrument was considered valid, reliable and interpretable for assessing health-related quality of life among people with diabetes.Objetivo: Analizar la validez, confiabilidad e interpretabilidad de instrumento reducido para evaluar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en diabetes. Métodos: Estudio transversal con personas con diabetes: adaptación del instrumento Diabetes-39 (5 dimensiones/39 elementos), pre-test, análisis de validez estructural, confiabilidad, validez concurrente e interpretabilidad. Resultados: La estructura factorial de la versión final del instrumento reducido presentado diferente a la original. Hubo una reducción de 39 a 21 ítems y de 5 a 4 dimensiones. Las cargas factoriales en los análisis exploratorios y confirmatorios variaron entre 0,41-0,90 y 0,51-0,89, respectivamente. La fiabilidad fue adecuada (alfa de Cronbach=0,91; Kappa≥0,60 en todos los ítems; coeficiente de correlación intraclase=0,91). Conclusión: El Diabetes-21 se consideró válido, confiable e interpretable para evaluar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en personas con diabetes.Objetivo: Analisar a validade, confiabilidade e interpretabilidade de instrumento reduzido para avaliação da qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde entre pessoas com diabetes mellitus. Métodos: Estudo de validação, composto pelas fases de adaptação do instrumento Diabetes-39 (constituído por 5 dimensões e 39 itens), pré-teste, análises de validade estrutural (exploratória e confirmatória), confiabilidade, validade concorrente e interpretabilidade. Resultados: A estrutura fatorial da versão final reduzida diferiu do instrumento original. Reduziu-se os itens, de 39 para 21, e as dimensões, de 5 para 4. As cargas fatoriais, nas análises exploratória e confirmatória, variaram entre 0,41 e 0,90 e entre 0,51 e 0,89, respectivamente. A confiabilidade apresentou-se adequada (alfa de Cronbach=0,91; Kappa≥0,60 em todos os itens; coeficiente de correlação intraclasse=0,91). Conclusão: O instrumento reduzido Diabetes-21 foi considerado válido, confiável e interpretável para avaliação da qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde entre pessoas com diabetes mellitus

Alterações musculares e esqueléticas cervicais em mulheres disfônicas

Termo clínico, a disfonia envolve a todas as transformações e dificuldades durante a emissão vocal, as quais resultam no impedimento da produção normal da voz. Pacientes como esse problema, podem apresentar desequilíbrio da musculatura crâniocervical e laríngea e lesão orgânica subjacente. A disfonia resulta em modificações fonatórias, limitando atividades diárias relacionadas ao uso da voz, impactando na vida social e na qualidade de vida do indivíduo. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar alterações musculares e esqueléticas cervicais em mulheres com disfonia, conforme identificado na literatura científica sobre o tema. Para isso, realizou-se uma revisão integrativa de literatura, selecionando estudos nas bases de dados Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Lilacs) e Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline). A partir da análise qualitativa dos resultados, concluiu-se que dor intensa na região posterior do pescoço e na laringe se manifestam em mulheres disfônicas. Contribuem para isso a função prejudicada da articulação cervical e alterações da amplitude de movimento cervical. Com isso, compreende-se que o abuso vocal e o mau uso da voz como fatores mais comuns para a disfonia

Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use in early acute respiratory distress syndrome : Insights from the LUNG SAFE study

Publisher Copyright: © 2020 The Author(s). Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Background: Concerns exist regarding the prevalence and impact of unnecessary oxygen use in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We examined this issue in patients with ARDS enrolled in the Large observational study to UNderstand the Global impact of Severe Acute respiratory FailurE (LUNG SAFE) study. Methods: In this secondary analysis of the LUNG SAFE study, we wished to determine the prevalence and the outcomes associated with hyperoxemia on day 1, sustained hyperoxemia, and excessive oxygen use in patients with early ARDS. Patients who fulfilled criteria of ARDS on day 1 and day 2 of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure were categorized based on the presence of hyperoxemia (PaO2 > 100 mmHg) on day 1, sustained (i.e., present on day 1 and day 2) hyperoxemia, or excessive oxygen use (FIO2 ≥ 0.60 during hyperoxemia). Results: Of 2005 patients that met the inclusion criteria, 131 (6.5%) were hypoxemic (PaO2 < 55 mmHg), 607 (30%) had hyperoxemia on day 1, and 250 (12%) had sustained hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use occurred in 400 (66%) out of 607 patients with hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use decreased from day 1 to day 2 of ARDS, with most hyperoxemic patients on day 2 receiving relatively low FIO2. Multivariate analyses found no independent relationship between day 1 hyperoxemia, sustained hyperoxemia, or excess FIO2 use and adverse clinical outcomes. Mortality was 42% in patients with excess FIO2 use, compared to 39% in a propensity-matched sample of normoxemic (PaO2 55-100 mmHg) patients (P = 0.47). Conclusions: Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use are both prevalent in early ARDS but are most often non-sustained. No relationship was found between hyperoxemia or excessive oxygen use and patient outcome in this cohort. Trial registration: LUNG-SAFE is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02010073publishersversionPeer reviewe

Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults

Background Underweight and obesity are associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life course. We estimated the individual and combined prevalence of underweight or thinness and obesity, and their changes, from 1990 to 2022 for adults and school-aged children and adolescents in 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 3663 population-based studies with 222 million participants that measured height and weight in representative samples of the general population. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends in the prevalence of different BMI categories, separately for adults (age ≥20 years) and school-aged children and adolescents (age 5–19 years), from 1990 to 2022 for 200 countries and territories. For adults, we report the individual and combined prevalence of underweight (BMI &lt;18·5 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). For school&#x2;aged children and adolescents, we report thinness (BMI &lt;2 SD below the median of the WHO growth reference) and obesity (BMI &gt;2 SD above the median). Findings From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity in adults decreased in 11 countries (6%) for women and 17 (9%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 that the observed changes were true decreases. The combined prevalence increased in 162 countries (81%) for women and 140 countries (70%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. In 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity was highest in island nations in the Caribbean and Polynesia and Micronesia, and countries in the Middle East and north Africa. Obesity prevalence was higher than underweight with posterior probability of at least 0·80 in 177 countries (89%) for women and 145 (73%) for men in 2022, whereas the converse was true in 16 countries (8%) for women, and 39 (20%) for men. From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of thinness and obesity decreased among girls in five countries (3%) and among boys in 15 countries (8%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80, and increased among girls in 140 countries (70%) and boys in 137 countries (69%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. The countries with highest combined prevalence of thinness and obesity in school-aged children and adolescents in 2022 were in Polynesia and Micronesia and the Caribbean for both sexes, and Chile and Qatar for boys. Combined prevalence was also high in some countries in south Asia, such as India and Pakistan, where thinness remained prevalent despite having declined. In 2022, obesity in school-aged children and adolescents was more prevalent than thinness with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 among girls in 133 countries (67%) and boys in 125 countries (63%), whereas the converse was true in 35 countries (18%) and 42 countries (21%), respectively. In almost all countries for both adults and school-aged children and adolescents, the increases in double burden were driven by increases in obesity, and decreases in double burden by declining underweight or thinness. Interpretation The combined burden of underweight and obesity has increased in most countries, driven by an increase in obesity, while underweight and thinness remain prevalent in south Asia and parts of Africa. A healthy nutrition transition that enhances access to nutritious foods is needed to address the remaining burden of underweight while curbing and reversing the increase in obesit

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants.

BACKGROUND: Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. METHODS: We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. FINDINGS: The number of people aged 30-79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306-359) million women and 317 (292-344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584-668) million women and 652 (604-698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55-62) of women and 49% (46-52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43-51) of women and 38% (35-41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20-27) for women and 18% (16-21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. INTERPRETATION: Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings. FUNDING: WHO

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

Background Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings The number of people aged 30-79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306-359) million women and 317 (292-344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584-668) million women and 652 (604-698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55-62) of women and 49% (46-52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43-51) of women and 38% (35-41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20-27) for women and 18% (16-21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. Interpretation Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings. Copyright (C) 2021 World Health Organization; licensee Elsevier

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

Background Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30–79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings The number of people aged 30–79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306–359) million women and 317 (292–344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584–668) million women and 652 (604–698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55–62) of women and 49% (46–52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43–51) of women and 38% (35–41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20–27) for women and 18% (16–21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. Interpretation Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

Background Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30–79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings The number of people aged 30–79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306–359) million women and 317 (292–344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584–668) million women and 652 (604–698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55–62) of women and 49% (46–52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43–51) of women and 38% (35–41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20–27) for women and 18% (16–21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. Interpretation Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings

Development of a health literacy assessment instrument related to drinking habit

Objetivo: desenvolver e verificar a validade, confiabilidade einterpretabilidade de um instrumento que se propõe a avaliaro Letramento em Saúde quanto ao Hábito Etilista (LSHE).Método: estudo metodológico realizado entre pessoas comdiabetes cadastradas na Estratégia de Saúde da Família econstituído pelas seguintes etapas: desenvolvimento doLSHE; verificação da validade de conteúdo por um comitê dejuízes; pré-teste (n=20); estimativa da confiabilidade (n=62):Alfa de Cronbach (AC), kappa de Cohen (K) e Coeficientede Correlação Intraclasse (CCI), resultados satisfatórios(≥ 0,60); estimativa da validade concorrente (n=212);interpretabilidade dos escores (n=212): variam de 0 a 18,sendo o ponto de corte ≤ 14 (LSHE inadequada). Utilizou-se oprograma SPSS para as análises estatísticas. Resultados: oLSHE apresentou aplicação dinâmica e adequada, mostrandoserelevante quanto ao seu conteúdo e ao construto propostos.As 18 palavras apresentaram K &gt; 0,60, AC=0,82 e CCI=0,91.Houve correção do LSHE com a escolaridade (rs=0,537;p=0,000). Interpretabilidade: 31,6% (n=67) apresentaramLSHE inadequada. Conclusão: o LSHE foi consideradovalidado, confiável e com boa interpretabilidade.Objective: to develop and verify the validity, reliability, and interpretability of an instrumentto assess Health Literacy regarding drinking habits (HLDH). Method: a methodological studyconducted among people with diabetes enrolled in the Family Health Strategy and consisting ofthe following steps: development of the HLDH; verification of content validity by a committee ofjudges; pre-test (n=20); reliability estimation (n=62): Cronbach’s alpha (CA), Cohen’s kappa (K)and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), satisfactory results (≥ 0.60); estimate of concurrentvalidity (n=212); interpretability of scores (n=212): range from 0 to 18, with the cut-off pointbeing ≤ 14 (HLDH inadequate). The SPSS program was used for statistical analyses. Results:HLDH presented dynamic and adequate application, showing relevance to its content and theproposed construct. The 18 words presented K &gt; 0.60, CA=0.82 and ICC=0.91. There was acorrection of the HLDH with education (rs=0.537; p=0.000). Interpretability: 31.6% (n=67)presented inadequate HLDH. Conclusion: HLDH was considered validated, reliable, and withgood interpretability.Objetivo: desarrollar y verificar la validez, confiabilidad e interpretabilidad de un instrumentoque se propone avalar el Letramento en Salud respecto al Hábito Etilista (LSHE). Método: estudiometodológico realizado entre personas con diabetes censadas en la Estrategia de Salud de laFamilia y constituido por las siguientes etapas: desarrollo de la LSHE; verificación de la validez delconteo por un comité de jueces; prueba previa (n=20); estimación de la confiabilidad (n=62): Alfade Cronbach (CA), kappa de Cohen (K) y coeficiente de correlación intraclase (CCI), resultadossatisfactorios (≥ 0,60); estimación de la validez concurrente (n=212); interpretabilidad de laspuntuaciones (n=212): rango de 0 a 18, siendo el punto de corte ≤ 14 (LSHE inadecuada). Paralos análisis estadísticos se utilizó el programa SPSS. Resultados: el LSHE presentó una aplicacióndinámica y adecuada, mostrándose relevante en cuanto a su contenido y a la construcción depropuestas. Las 18 palabras presentaron K &gt; 0,60, AC=0,82 e ICC=0,91. Hubo correlación de laLSHE con la escolaridad (rs=0,537; p=0,000). Interpretabilidad: el 31,6% (n=67) presentó unaLSHE inadecuada. Conclusión: la LSHE se consideró validada, fiable y con buena interpretabilidad

Fatores associados ao letramento em saúde relacionado ao hábito etilista entre pacientes com diabetes assistidos pela atenção primária à saúde

Introdução: O hábito etilista é um importante fator de desequilíbrio metabólico entre pessoas com diabetes. Contudo, indivíduos com maiores níveis de letramento em saúde podem exercer comportamentos que criam barreiras para o surgimento de complicações dessa doença. Verificar o letramento em saúde relacionado ao hábito etilista pode ser útil para reduzir as consequências do diabetes. Objetivo: Identificar os fatores associados ao letramento em saúde relacionado ao hábito etilista entre pessoas com diabetes assistidas pela atenção primária à saúde. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado em unidades de saúde do município de Montes Claros, MG, Brasil. Foram analisadas condições demográficas e econômicas, além dos níveis de letramento em saúde avaliado a partir do instrumento Literacia em Saúde quanto ao Hábito Etilista. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 215 pessoas com diabetes com média de idade de 60,73 anos, sendo a maioria mulheres (63,7%; n=137). Menores níveis de letramento em saúde relacionado ao hábito etilista estiveram presentes em 31,2% (n=67) dos participantes. Foram associadas a menores níveis de letramento em saúde: sexo (homens, OR=0,46; IC95%=0,23-0,94; p=0,032), baixa escolaridade (educação infantil, OR=7,00; IC95%=2,55-19,20; p<0,001; analfabeto, OR=28,06; IC95%=4,40-178,83; p<0,001) e gastos com medicamentos relacionados ao diabetes (OR=2,27; IC95%=1,14-4,50; p=0,019). Conclusão: Observou-se melhores níveis de letramento em saúde relacionado ao hábito etilista entre os homens, com maior escolaridade e que não possuíam gastos com medicamentos relacionados ao diabetes