A problemática existencial do ser humano

Vergílio Ferreira (1916-1996) foi um existencialista por natureza. A sua produção literária recebeu influências de Sartre, Marco Aurélio, Santo Agostinho, Pascal, Dostoiévski, Jaspers, Kant e Heidegger, refletindo a sua preocupação com a vida e a cultura do Homem. Em 1993 edita Na Tua Face, uma das suas obras mais exemplares, em que desenvolve uma reflexão aprofundada acerca da Beleza e da sua efemeridade. Trata-se de um romance que retrata a vida do personagem principal, Daniel, que conhece Bárbara, o que lhe provoca um intenso deslumbramento, mas casa com Ângela, mesmo não a amando ou amando de outra forma, e continua a sua vida, convivendo através da memória com o amor impossível que sente por Bárbara, em lembranças que o atormentam

Prática de ensino supervisionada em Educação Pré-escolar e Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico

O trabalho que aqui apresentamos incide sobre a Prática de Ensino Supervisionada [PES], integrada no plano de estudos do Mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, da Escola Superior de Educação do Instituto Politécnico de Bragança. Temos como finalidade refletir sobre a ação desenvolvida ao longo dos estágios profissionalizantes que se realizaram em contexto de Educação Pré-Escolar [EPE], num grupo vertical com 25 crianças de 3, 4 e 5 anos de idade e, em contexto de 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico [1.º CEB], numa turma de 1.º ano de escolaridade, com 20 crianças de 6 e 7 anos de idade. No decorrer da nossa ação educativa tivemos em consideração o desenvolvimento integral da criança e promovemos uma pedagogia de participação que valorizava a criança e a sua ação, através de uma linha pedagógica integradora, em que articulamos os saberes das diversas áreas de conteúdo e disciplinares. Ao integrarmos os jogos na ação pedagógica, conseguimos relacioná-los com a problemática da nossa pesquisa e responder à questão norteadora deste trabalho: Quais as implicações dos jogos no processo de ensino-aprendizagem e nas relações das crianças na Educação Pré-Escolar e do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico? O estudo enquadra-se, essencialmente, numa abordagem qualitativa onde utilizamos como principais técnicas e instrumentos de recolha de dados a observação participante e naturalista, grelhas de observação, notas de campo, registo fotográfico e áudio e, entrevista à educadora e professora cooperantes. Em termos de resultados pensamos poder concluir que em ambos os contextos, o jogo foi uma boa estratégia de ensino-aprendizagem, visto que houve grande entusiasmo, envolvimento e interesse por parte das crianças, incentivando-as na aprendizagem dos diferentes conteúdos. Podemos ainda aferir que o jogo favoreceu positivamente as interações e relações das crianças.The work presented here focuses on the Pratice of Supervised Teaching [PST], integrated in the master’s study program in pre-school education and teaching the 1st basic education cycle, the School of Education of the Polytechnic Institute of Bragança. We intended to reflect on the action developed over the professional stages that took place in the context of pre-school education [PSE], in a vertical group with 3, 4 and 5 years old, and in the context of the 1st basic education cycle [1.º CEB], a class of the 1st grade, with 6 and 7 years old. In the course of our educational activity we had in consideration the child’s integral development and promote a pedagogy of participation that valued the child ant their action, through a pedagogical line, that articulate the knowledge of several areas of content and disciplinary. By integrating the games in the pedagogical action, we can relate them to the problems of our research and answr the main question of this work: what are the implications of the games in the teaching-learning process and relations of children in pre-school education and teaching 1st cycle of basic education? The study fits essentially a qualitative approach where we use as the main techniques and data collection tools to participant observation and naturalistic observation, grids, field notes, photographic and audio recording and, questionnaire survey to educator and cooperating teacher. In terms of results, we think we can conclude that in both contexts, the game was good strategy for teaching-learning. Since there was great enthusiasm, involvement and interest of children, encouraging the learning of diferente content. We can also say that the game positively favors the interactions and relationships of children

Atuação da fisioterapia preventiva no contexto escolar / Performance of preventive physiotherapy in the school contexto

As alterações posturais são encontradas constantemente na infância. E nessa fase a postura sofre uns ajustes e adaptações, devido às mudanças que ocorrem. Ocorrendo transformações na busca do equilíbrio que combine com sua nova condição. Desta forma o objetivo do presente trabalho vem mostrar os benefícios da fisioterapia preventiva no contexto escolar, revisando a literatura e estabelecendo a fundamentação teórica sobre os principais fatores que interferem na postura corporal da criança e do adolescente, e fornecer orientações sobre educação postural no contexto escolar. A metodologia deste trabalho consistiu-se de duas etapas: primeiramente, revisão da literatura, onde investigou a temática das patologias associadas as más posturas no ambiente escolar. Para levantamento bibliográfico utilizou-se livros, monografias, artigos de periódicos e internet. Foram utilizados artigos encontrados nas plataformas de dados da SciELO, LILACS onde engloba o período de 2009 a 2019 em português. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre os meses de março e abril de 2019. Além da revisão de literatura, serão realizadas palestras, em escolas de município de Tucano-Ba, com objetivo de demonstrar a importância da fisioterapia preventiva no contexto escolar. Serão desenvolvidas palestras, como os seguintes temas: Educação postural, educação e saúde e posturologia.  Portanto concluímos essa revisão bibliográfica que deixa evidente necessário de promover práticas educacionais voltadas para uma educação postural, com orientação, oficinas de saúde e palestras, pois a prevenção realizada no ambiente escolar faz com que diminua o número de crianças e adolescentes com complicações sendo assim, ajudara na prevenção de traumas futuros

Morphological and Postural changes in the foot during pregnancy and puerperium : a longitudinal study

The aim of this study is to observe the morphological and postural changes to the foot that take place during pregnancy and the puerperium. Method: In this descriptive, observational, longitudinal study, we analysed 23 pregnant women, with particular attention to morphological and postural aspects of the foot, at three time points during and after pregnancy: in weeks 9-13 of gestation, weeks 32-35 of gestation and weeks 4-6 after delivery. The parameters considered were changes in foot length, the Foot Posture Index (FPI) and the Hernández Corvo Index, which were analysed using a pedigraph and taking into account the Body Mass Index (BMI). The same procedure was conducted in each review. Results: The statistical analyses obtained for each foot did not differ significantly between the three measurement times. A pronator-type footprint was most frequently observed during the third trimester of pregnancy; it was predominantly neutral during the postpartum period. Statistically significant differences between the measurement times were obtained in the right foot for cavus vs. neutral foot type (between the first and third trimesters and also between the first trimester and the puerperium) (in both cases, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Foot length increases in the third trimester and returns to normal in the puerperium. According to FPI findings, the third trimester of pregnancy is characterised by pronation, while the posture returns to neutrality during the postpartum period. During pregnancy, the plantar arch flattens, and this persists during the puerperium. The incidence of cavus foot increases significantly in the third trimester and in the puerperium

MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL : A data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in P ortugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with 26% of all species being includedin the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associatedwith habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mam-mals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion formarine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems func-tionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is cru-cial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS INPORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublishedgeoreferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mam-mals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira thatincludes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occur-ring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live obser-vations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%),bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent lessthan 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrowsjsoil moundsjtunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animaljhairjskullsjjaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8),observation in shelters, (9) photo trappingjvideo, (10) predators dietjpelletsjpine cones/nuts, (11) scatjtrackjditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalizationjecholocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and100 m (76%). Rodentia (n=31,573) has the highest number of records followedby Chiroptera (n=18,857), Carnivora (n=18,594), Lagomorpha (n=17,496),Cetartiodactyla (n=11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n=7008). The data setincludes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened(e.g.,Oryctolagus cuniculus[n=12,159],Monachus monachus[n=1,512],andLynx pardinus[n=197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate thepublication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contrib-ute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting onthe development of more accurate and tailored conservation managementstrategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite thisdata paper when the data are used in publications.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Global Retinoblastoma Presentation and Analysis by National Income Level.

Importance: Early diagnosis of retinoblastoma, the most common intraocular cancer, can save both a child's life and vision. However, anecdotal evidence suggests that many children across the world are diagnosed late. To our knowledge, the clinical presentation of retinoblastoma has never been assessed on a global scale. Objectives: To report the retinoblastoma stage at diagnosis in patients across the world during a single year, to investigate associations between clinical variables and national income level, and to investigate risk factors for advanced disease at diagnosis. Design, Setting, and Participants: A total of 278 retinoblastoma treatment centers were recruited from June 2017 through December 2018 to participate in a cross-sectional analysis of treatment-naive patients with retinoblastoma who were diagnosed in 2017. Main Outcomes and Measures: Age at presentation, proportion of familial history of retinoblastoma, and tumor stage and metastasis. Results: The cohort included 4351 new patients from 153 countries; the median age at diagnosis was 30.5 (interquartile range, 18.3-45.9) months, and 1976 patients (45.4%) were female. Most patients (n = 3685 [84.7%]) were from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Globally, the most common indication for referral was leukocoria (n = 2638 [62.8%]), followed by strabismus (n = 429 [10.2%]) and proptosis (n = 309 [7.4%]). Patients from high-income countries (HICs) were diagnosed at a median age of 14.1 months, with 656 of 666 (98.5%) patients having intraocular retinoblastoma and 2 (0.3%) having metastasis. Patients from low-income countries were diagnosed at a median age of 30.5 months, with 256 of 521 (49.1%) having extraocular retinoblastoma and 94 of 498 (18.9%) having metastasis. Lower national income level was associated with older presentation age, higher proportion of locally advanced disease and distant metastasis, and smaller proportion of familial history of retinoblastoma. Advanced disease at diagnosis was more common in LMICs even after adjusting for age (odds ratio for low-income countries vs upper-middle-income countries and HICs, 17.92 [95% CI, 12.94-24.80], and for lower-middle-income countries vs upper-middle-income countries and HICs, 5.74 [95% CI, 4.30-7.68]). Conclusions and Relevance: This study is estimated to have included more than half of all new retinoblastoma cases worldwide in 2017. Children from LMICs, where the main global retinoblastoma burden lies, presented at an older age with more advanced disease and demonstrated a smaller proportion of familial history of retinoblastoma, likely because many do not reach a childbearing age. Given that retinoblastoma is curable, these data are concerning and mandate intervention at national and international levels. Further studies are needed to investigate factors, other than age at presentation, that may be associated with advanced disease in LMICs

Mammals in Portugal: a data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in Portugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with ~26% of all species being included in the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associated with habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mammals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion for marine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems functionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is crucial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublished georeferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mammals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira that includes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occurring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live observations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%), bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent less than 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrows | soil mounds | tunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animal | hair | skulls | jaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8), observation in shelters, (9) photo trapping | video, (10) predators diet | pellets | pine cones/nuts, (11) scat | track | ditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalization | echolocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and 100 m (76%). Rodentia (n =31,573) has the highest number of records followed by Chiroptera (n = 18,857), Carnivora (n = 18,594), Lagomorpha (n = 17,496), Cetartiodactyla (n = 11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n = 7008). The data set includes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened (e.g., Oryctolagus cuniculus [n = 12,159], Monachus monachus [n = 1,512], and Lynx pardinus [n = 197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate the publication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contribute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting on the development of more accurate and tailored conservation management strategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications

Educomunicação e suas áreas de intervenção: Novos paradigmas para o diálogo intercultural

oai:omp.abpeducom.org.br:publicationFormat/1O material aqui divulgado representa, em essência, a contribuição do VII Encontro Brasileiro de Educomunicação ao V Global MIL Week, da UNESCO, ocorrido na ECA/USP, entre 3&nbsp;e 5 de novembro de 2016. Estamos diante de um conjunto de 104 papers executivos, com uma média de entre 7 e 10 páginas, cada um. Com este rico e abundante material, chegamos ao sétimo e-book publicado pela ABPEducom, em seus seis primeiros anos de existência. A especificidade desta obra é a de trazer as “Áreas de Intervenção” do campo da Educomunicação, colocando-as a serviço de uma meta essencial ao agir educomunicativo: o diálogo intercultural, trabalhado na linha do tema geral do evento internacional: Media and Information Literacy: New Paradigms for Intercultural Dialogue

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Focus on themes of physical activity, aging and mental health in Brazilian graduate programs

INTRODUCTION: Physical activity has contributed to the prevention of complications in mental health elderly. OBJECTIVE: To investigate graduate programs that present, as lines of research and teaching, the relationship between mental health and physical activity in elderly. METHODS: A descriptive and exploratory study, which presents as indicators the inclusion of both disciplines and research lines in graduate programs on Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy and Gerontology. Thirty graduate courses (stricto sensu) in Brazil, all of them recognized and recommended by the Ministry of Education. The disciplines, lines of research and publications, which contained their description "mental health", "physical activity" and "aging" were selected. RESULTS: The disciplines comprising the subjects physical activities and aging were found in the following states: five universities in the State of S&atilde;o Paulo, a discipline in the State of Minas Gerais and the Federal District. Only two disciplines included "mental health", "physical activity" and "aging". One in the State of S&atilde;o Paulo and another in the State of Rio de Janeiro. CONCLUSION: Despite the Brazilian population growing older and the increased concern on issues related to quality of life in the elderly - including the need to preserve the physical and mental health - only few graduate programs on Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy are offering disciplines or comprising research/publications on mental health, physical activity and aging.</p