Analise quantitativa dos dermatoglifos nas cardiopatias congenitas

Orientador: Pedro Henrique SaldanhaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de PiracicabaResumo: Não informadoAbstract: Dermatoglyphics of the 183 patients with congenital heart disease (CHD), their parents and brothers and a sample of 170 subjects of the normal populations of são Paulo were studied. The propositi were patients of the Clinical Hospital of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of são Paulo, with diagnoses established through surgical treatment and clinical criteria such as electrocardiographic, roentgenologic and haemodinamic studies; no case with doubtful diagnosis was included. Informations concerning to sex, race, type of CHD, age of the parents by the time of birth, presence of CHD or another congenital malformations in the relatives, birth order of the propositi, number of abórtion and/or fetal deaths, expositionto the X-rays, infeccious diseases and use of drugs by their mothers during the first, three months of pregnancy. The following dermatoglyphic features were analised: total ridge count (TRC) in the fingers, a-b ridge count, atd angle, ulnar index, number of digital,sub-digital and axial triradii, and ridge count of the halux in the solar area. The statistical treatment consisted in the elaboration of frequency tables and distribution curves, means and their standard errors, analysis of variance between groups and intra-individual correlation coefficients between the different traits. The results allow the following eonelusions: 1. The reeurrenee of the CHD in the relatives suggest the existenee of hereditary faetorspredisposing the development of those anomalies. 2. The high eonsanguinity rate between the propositios parents suggest the existenee of recessive genes participating in the heredity of CHD. 3. The total ridge count on fingers and on the halux are a of the propositi are not significantly different from that of normal population. 4. The a-b ridge count is significantly higher in the propositi and their relatives. 5. The maximum atd anglereveals a statistically significant distal displacement of the axial palmar triradius' in the propositi and in their brothers. 6. The ulnar index reveals a highly significant radial displacement of the axial palmar triradius in the propositi and in their relatives, characterizing them as a group differentiated from the normal population. 7. The correlations between atd angle and ulnar index were highly significant in the relatives of the propositi but not significant in the normal population. This situation suggests that the genic constellation present in the related groups determine pleiotropically a distortion in the displacement of the axial. palmar triradius to the radial side. 8. The large number of significant and highly significant correlations in the propositi and in their normal relatives reveals that these groups share specific genic constellation which, besides determining a larger number of dermatoglyphic associations, it should predispose to cardiac teratogenesis during the critical period of embryogenic development common to the both structuresMestradoMestre em Biologia e Patologia Buco-Denta

Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering Applications in Diabetes Mellitus

The search for ideal implants or alternative scaffolds is a challenge for biomedical science researchers, especially in diabetic patients. Many alternative bioactive materials have been used in the regenerative medicine, especially in patient with complex metabolic disorder as diabetes mellitus. Among them, we discussed the following alternative material scaffolds, including amniotic membrane (AM), homogenous demineralized dentin matrix (HDDM), platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and alloplastic materials as porous polyethylene and polyurethane. These biomaterials were applied in the craniomaxillofacial complex and liver injury, resulting in tissue regeneration and microstructural reconstruction due to their effective inductive and conductive properties. Additionally, diabetes disease and its general biophysical mechanism and systemic complications were described in order to improve the comprehension of the physiopathology of this comorbidity and its effects in the tissues. The AM, HDDM, and PRP in implantation sites initiated an inductive cascade as chemotaxis of progenitor cells, mitogenesis, angiogenesis, and differentiation into wide variety of cells. The cell recruitment, division rate, and differentiation of cell lines are under the direct control of several growth factors and stem cells which are present in these biomaterials. Further, some alloplastic materials have triggered satisfactory tissue responses when used in treatments of craniofacial deformities or in anatomical reconstructions

Periodontal Diseases in Patients with Special Health Care Needs

A wide variation of people with an impairment or disability requires a “special care dentistry” once their general manifestations directly act in the oral cavity. This target public is inserted into the following categories: neuromotor disability, sensory disability, mental disorder, infecto-contagious diseases, chronic systemic diseases, and systemic conditions. Among the several oral illnesses found in these groups, periodontal diseases have been the most frequent, becoming a major challenge for the dental practitioners. Thus, we described the microbiological, histopathological, and clinical features of periodontal diseases in each “special health care needs” group. Advances in “Omic” technologies have suggested the application of molecular biology methods to assess the genomics (genes), proteomics (proteins), transcriptomics (mRNA), and metabolomics (metabolites) aspects of periodontal diseases. These researches aim to promote a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis and in the identification of new biomarkers of periodontal diseases that help in diagnosis of periodontal diseases and in tissue responses after treatments of gingivitis and periodontitis. As an alternative therapy, some bioactive materials and photobiomodulation may be indicated once they strongly stimulate the periodontal tissue regeneration, attenuate the inflammatory processes, and/or promote the reconstruction of the microstructure of the periodontium

Conteúdos em Áudio: o Uso do Podcast como Recurso Educacional na Disciplina de Histologia

Increased use of online tools and digital media along with the speed in which information becomes available over the last few years, asks for adaptations on the educational environments. Recently, due to restrictions imposed by the Covid-19 pandemic, the world has witnessed profound changes in the educational scenario, with a real disruption in the teaching-learning process, which has forcibly been mediated by digital interfaces. In the present work, an experience will be presented, within the scope of education carried out in other classrooms, and also carried out in a Dentistry course at a Brazilian public university. A podcast, with 20 episodes, was implemented as a complementary educational resource, in the Histology discipline. The podcast was made available on the Spotify platform and associated with an Instagram account for dissemination and placement of materials, such as summaries and photos from the course's slide bank. At the end of the school year, a form had been sent to assess the perception of students that listened to the podcast. The project reached 1,262 people, including 14 foreigners. From 87 participants who answered the form, 89.7% noticed a great improvement in their subject understanding and 96.6% rated the content as excellent. The results bring a successful experience during emergency remote teaching, reinforcing the possibility of adopting new digital technologies, which can privilege distant activities and with the potential to generate greater engagement and autonomy for students.    Keywords: Learning. Technology. Podcast. Histology.O crescente uso de ferramentas online e mídias digitais e a velocidade com a qual as informações tornam-se disponíveis ao longo dos últimos anos, vêm requerendo adaptações dos ambientes educacionais. Recentemente, devido às restrições impostas pela pandemia de Covid-19, o mundo presenciou profundas mudanças no cenário educacional, havendo uma verdadeira disruptura no processo de ensino e aprendizagem, que passou forçosamente a ser mediado pelas interfaces digitais. No presente trabalho será apresentada uma experiência, no âmbito das educações realizadas em outras presencialidades, desenvolvida em um curso de Odontologia de uma universidade pública brasileira, durante o período de pandemia. Um podcast, com 20 episódios, foi implementado como recurso educacional complementar, na disciplina de Histologia. O podcast foi disponibilizado na plataforma Spotify e associado a uma conta no Instagram para divulgação e veiculação de material, como resumos e fotos do banco de lâminas da disciplina. Ao término do ano letivo foi enviado um formulário para avaliar a percepção dos estudantes usuários do podcast. O projeto alcançou 1.262 pessoas, incluindo 14 estrangeiros. Dos 87 participantes que responderam o formulário, 89,7% perceberam grande melhora no entendimento da matéria após ouvir o podcast e 96,6% classificaram o conteúdo como excelente. Os resultados trazem uma experiência exitosa durante o ensino remoto emergencial, reforçando a possibilidade da adoção de novas tecnologias digitais, que possam privilegiar atividades à distância e com potencial de gerar maior engajamento e autonomia dos estudantes.   Palavras-chave: Aprendizagem. Tecnologia. Podcast. Histologia

Forward-central two-particle correlations in p-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV

Two-particle angular correlations between trigger particles in the forward pseudorapidity range (2.5 2GeV/c. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B. V.Peer reviewe

Event-shape engineering for inclusive spectra and elliptic flow in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S=2.76 TeV

Peer reviewe

Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

Background Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide.Methods A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study-a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital.Findings Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.85 [95% CI 2.58-5.75]; p<0.0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63.0% vs 82.7%; OR 0.35 [0.23-0.53]; p<0.0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer.Interpretation Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised

Elliptic flow of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays at forward rapidity in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76TeV

The elliptic flow, v(2), of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays at forward rapidity (2.5 <y <4) is measured in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)= 2.76TeVwith the ALICE detector at the LHC. The scalar product, two- and four-particle Q cumulants and Lee-Yang zeros methods are used. The dependence of the v(2) of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays on the collision centrality, in the range 0-40%, and on transverse momentum, p(T), is studied in the interval 3 <p(T)<10 GeV/c. A positive v(2) is observed with the scalar product and two-particle Q cumulants in semi-central collisions (10-20% and 20-40% centrality classes) for the p(T) interval from 3 to about 5GeV/c with a significance larger than 3 sigma, based on the combination of statistical and systematic uncertainties. The v(2) magnitude tends to decrease towards more central collisions and with increasing pT. It becomes compatible with zero in the interval 6 <p(T)<10 GeV/c. The results are compared to models describing the interaction of heavy quarks and open heavy-flavour hadrons with the high-density medium formed in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

Clinical and histomorphometric characteristics of three different families with hereditary gingival fibromatosis

Objective. To examine the histomorphologic and histomorphometric features of tissue from 3 unrelated families with hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF).Study design. Twelve affected individuals from 3 HGF families and 3 control subjects were evaluated. Gingival samples were fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin for hematoxylin and eosin stain to count the number of fibroblast and inflammatory cells. Sirius red staining was performed to quantitate the amount of collagen present.Results. Histomorphologic analysis of HGF showed extension of epithelial rete ridges into the underlying lamina propria and the presence of collagen bundles in the connective tissue. Analysis of the mean area fraction of collagen showed that there were significant increases in the collagen fraction for all HGF types compared with control subjects (P < .05). There were significant increases in the number of fibroblasts for HGFa and HGFb compared with control subjects (P < .05). The number of fibroblasts for HGFc were similar to that for control subjects.Conclusions. The collagen fraction was significantly greater in all HGF types compared with controls. The number of fibroblasts was significantly increased in 2 of the 3 HGF types compared with controls. These data indicate that different mechanisms may be responsible for tissue enlargement in different forms of HGF