A Modified Overlapping Partitioning Clustering Algorithm for Categorical Data Clustering

Clustering is one of the important approaches for Clustering enables the grouping of unlabeled data by partitioning data into clusters with similar patterns. Over the past decades, many clustering algorithms have been developed for various clustering problems. An overlapping partitioning clustering (OPC) algorithm can only handle numerical data. Hence, novel clustering algorithms have been studied extensively to overcome this issue. By increasing the number of objects belonging to one cluster and distance between cluster centers, the study aimed to cluster the textual data type without losing the main functions. The proposed study herein included over twenty newsgroup dataset, which consisted of approximately 20000 textual documents. By introducing some modifications to the traditional algorithm, an acceptable level of homogeneity and completeness of clusters were generated. Modifications were performed on the pre-processing phase and data representation, along with the number methods which influence the primary function of the algorithm. Subsequently, the results were evaluated and compared with the k-means algorithm of the training and test datasets. The results indicated that the modified algorithm could successfully handle the categorical data and produce satisfactory clusters

Principles of arabic noun gender: An overview of learning difficulties

Arab linguists have distinguished between the animate and inanimate gender of nouns, where the former was assigned a male or female natural gender and the later a grammatical gender, and so the distinction between the real natural gender and the figurative grammatical gender has spread widely in Arabic grammar. Educational studies and linguistic research carried out by educationalists and linguists have indicated the prevalence of two difficulties in teaching and learning the issue of grammatical gender. The first is related to distinguishing between masculine and feminine within the same sex; the other is related to the multiplicities in the structural forms of gender whether natural or grammatical This research focuses on the first difficulty as this difficulty reflects directly on the second difficulty whether right or wrong. This can be observed in the intensive grammatical agreement in topics such as verb – subject, subject - predicate, modified - modifier, and number agreement

Crystallographic,vibrational modes and optical properties data of α-DIPABcrystal

The Crystallographic data of the α-DIPAB sample was measured using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). The crystal structure was also optimized using density functional based method. The calculations were performed both including vander Waals (vdW) interactions and excluding them to quantify the effects of vdW interaction on the crystal formation. The vibrational modes of DIPAB crystal corresponding to the Bromine deficient samples are calculated and presented. These show the origin of drastic change in dielectric response in Br deficient samples as compared to the ideal stoichiometric DIPAB crystal (Alsaad et al. 2018) [4]. Optical properties of an ideal α-DIPAB were calculated using GGA and HSE06 hybrid functional methods implemented in VASP package. We mainly calculated the real and imaginary parts of the frequency-dependent linear dielectric function, as well as the related quantities such as the absorption, reflectivity, energy-loss function, and refractive index of α-DIPAB in the energy window of (0–12) eV

Gait Analysis Using Wearable Sensors

Gait analysis using wearable sensors is an inexpensive, convenient, and efficient manner of providing useful information for multiple health-related applications. As a clinical tool applied in the rehabilitation and diagnosis of medical conditions and sport activities, gait analysis using wearable sensors shows great prospects. The current paper reviews available wearable sensors and ambulatory gait analysis methods based on the various wearable sensors. After an introduction of the gait phases, the principles and features of wearable sensors used in gait analysis are provided. The gait analysis methods based on wearable sensors is divided into gait kinematics, gait kinetics, and electromyography. Studies on the current methods are reviewed, and applications in sports, rehabilitation, and clinical diagnosis are summarized separately. With the development of sensor technology and the analysis method, gait analysis using wearable sensors is expected to play an increasingly important role in clinical applications

The Attitude of Al Jahith Against Moawiyah Bin Abi Sufian in Al Nabitah Message “Study and Investigation in the Case of Killing Hejr Bin Adi

ملخص يتغيّا هذا البحثُ استجلاءَ موقفِ الجاحظ من مؤسِّس الدّولة الأمويّة معاوية بن أبي سفيان t من خلال كتابه الذي اصطُلِحَ على تسميته بـ (رسائل الجاحظ)، وتحديدا في الرسالة الحادية عشرة الموسومة بـ (رسالة النّابتة)، وهي التي ألّفها الجاحظ للقاضي أبي الوليد محمد بن أحمد بن أبي دُواد، وضمّنها الطبقات التي ظهرت من لدُن النبي e وحتى ولاية يزيد بن معاوية، وفيها عرض الجاحظُ لقيامِ الدولة الأموية على يد معاوية بن أبي سفيان، و قد تناول البحثُ بالتحديد قضيّةَ تكفير الجاحظ لمعاوية بن أبي سفيان بسبب قتلهِ حجرَ بن عدي، فراغ البحث إلى جمع شتيت ما تناثر من الرّوايات -التي تمسّ مقتل حجر بن عدي- من مظان الكتب، ووضعها في عقدٍ نظيم، ودراستها، والتحقّق منها سندا ومتنا، ومقاربتها بعضها ببعض لتفنيد تهمة الجاحظ بتكفير معاوية، ودحضها بالدّليل العلمي دون اتّباعٍ للهوى، وبيان المنهج الفكري الذي يصدر منه الجاحظ في أحكامه، وذلك ضمن منهجٍ وصفي استقرائي تحليلي. الكلمات الدالة: الجاحظ، رسالة النابتة، معاوية بن أبي سفيان، حُجر بن عدي. The Attitude of Al Jahith Against Moawiyah Bin Abi Sufian in Al Nabitah Message “Study and Investigation in the Case of Killing Hejr Bin Adi Abstract This research tends to clarify the attitude of Al Jahith related to Moawiyah Bin Abi Sufian through his book titled (Al Jahith Messages) particularly the eleventh message titled (Al Nabitah Message) which Al Jahith wrote it for judge Abi Lwaleed Mohammad Bin Ahmad Bin Abi Douad to which he added the traditions of holy, prophet peace be upon him, up to the days of crown price Yazeed Bin Moaweyah. The research covered the charge by Al Jahith accusing Moawiyah for killing Hijr Bin Adi and collecting all narrations related to killing of Hijr Bin Adi from books and studies related to this incident and comparing them with each other, the research ended by discarding the charge of killing Hijr Bin Adi by Muaweyah and that Jahith was contradicting one of the dogmas of Al Mutazilah related to rules applied to the one committing big crime. Guide Words: Al Jahith, Al Nabitah message. Moaweyah Bin Abi Sofian, Hijr Bin Adi

The application of fuzzy granular computing for the analysis of human dynamic behavior in 3D space

Human dynamic behavior in space is very complex in that it involves many physical, perceptual and motor aspects. It is tied together at a sensory level by linkages between vestibular, visual and somatosensory information that develop through experience of inertial and gravitational reaction forces. Coordinated movement emerges from the interplay among descending output from the central nervous system, sensory input from the body and environment, muscle dynamics, and the emergent dynamics of the whole neuromusculoskeletal system. There have been many attempts to directly capture the activities of the neuronal system in human locomotion without the ability to clarify how the nervous system adaptively functions as a dynamic system and how it effectively coordinates adaptive interactions with the musculoskeletal system during locomotion. Other studies have tried to artificially emulate locomotion by using mathematical models and robots based on control theory, without any success in the understanding of biological locomotor mechanisms, as the control laws are artificially constructed solely based on an engineering perspective independent of actual biological mechanisms. This research applies fuzzy granular computing and the fusion of multiple wearable sensor data to analyze human dynamic behavior in 3D space. The outcome of this system may yield cues for the estimation of external stimuli and/or compensatory responses depending upon which factors are controlled. This novel system has been tested and evaluated using two groups of subjects, able-bodied and neurological patients. The results show a high ability of the system to facilitate an objective and quantitative assessment of functional gait impairment. This study provides a potential base for a flexible, efficient and cost-effective system for clinical gait assessment, a system to assist both doctors and clinicians in the diagnosis of pathological gait impairments, prescribe treatment, and assess the improvements in response to therapeutic intervention

Assessment of Functional Impairment in Human Locomotion: A Fuzzy-Motivated Approach

Abstract—Many neurological disorders result in disordered motion. The effects of a disorder can be decrease by an appropriate rehabilitation. To make rehabilitation efficient, we need to monitor the patient and check how well he or she improves. In our previous papers, we proposed a fuzzy-based semi-heuristic method of gauging how well a patient improved. Surprisingly, this semi-heuristic method turned out to be more efficient that we expected. In this paper, we provide a justification for this efficiency. In the future, it is desirable to combine this fuzzy-assessment approach with results by Alavarez-Alvarez, Trivino, and Cordón who use fuzzy techniques for modeling human gait. I

Crystallographic,vibrational modes and optical properties data of α-DIPABcrystal

The Crystallographic data of the α-DIPAB sample was measured using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). The crystal structure was also optimized using density functional based method. The calculations were performed both including vander Waals (vdW) interactions and excluding them to quantify the effects of vdW interaction on the crystal formation. The vibrational modes of DIPAB crystal corresponding to the Bromine deficient samples are calculated and presented. These show the origin of drastic change in dielectric response in Br deficient samples as compared to the ideal stoichiometric DIPAB crystal (Alsaad et al. 2018) [4]. Optical properties of an ideal α-DIPAB were calculated using GGA and HSE06 hybrid functional methods implemented in VASP package. We mainly calculated the real and imaginary parts of the frequency-dependent linear dielectric function, as well as the related quantities such as the absorption, reflectivity, energy-loss function, and refractive index of α-DIPAB in the energy window of (0–12) eV

Application of wearable sensors for human gait analysis using fuzzy computational algorithm

The authors have developed and tested a wearable inertial sensor system for the acquisition of gait features. The sensors were placed on anatomical segments of the lower limb: foot, shank, thigh, and hip, and the motion data were then captured in conjunction with 3D ground reaction forces (GRFs). The method of relational matrix was applied to develop a rule-based system, an intelligent fuzzy computational algorithm. The rule-based system provides a feature matrix model representing the strength of association or interaction amongst the elements of the gait functions (limb-segments accelerations and GRFs) throughout the gait cycle. A comparison between the reference rule-based data and an input test data was evaluated using a fuzzy similarity algorithm. This system was tested and evaluated using two subject groups: 10 healthy subjects were recruited to establish the reference fuzzy rule-base, and 4 relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis subjects were used as an input test data; and the grade of similarity between them was evaluated. This similarity provides a quantitative assessment of mobility state of the impaired subject. This algorithmic tool may be helpful to the clinician in the identification of pathological gait impairments, prescribe treatment, and assess the improvements in response to therapeutic intervention