The Transmission of the \u3cem\u3eSomniale Danielis\u3c/em\u3e, from Latin to Vernacular Italian (Laurenziano Martelli 12 and Riccardiano 859)

The Somniale Danielis is a dream manual widely circulated in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. It is structured through dream symbols and their concise explanation. Medieval manuscripts of the Somniale—from the ninth century to the end of the fifteenth century—generally bear the same dreams, but show changes in the structure of their entries. The coherence of its symbology throughout several centuries allows for a linguistic analysis across these dream manuals that situates them in specific cultural contexts. This article focuses on two manuscripts, each containing a Latin and an Italian version of the Somniale, and aims to show how the Italian versions develop, and vary from, the Latin texts, as the vernacular versions simplify the language of their source text in order to create shorter entries

A robust approach to model-based classification based on trimming and constraints

In a standard classification framework a set of trustworthy learning data are employed to build a decision rule, with the final aim of classifying unlabelled units belonging to the test set. Therefore, unreliable labelled observations, namely outliers and data with incorrect labels, can strongly undermine the classifier performance, especially if the training size is small. The present work introduces a robust modification to the Model-Based Classification framework, employing impartial trimming and constraints on the ratio between the maximum and the minimum eigenvalue of the group scatter matrices. The proposed method effectively handles noise presence in both response and exploratory variables, providing reliable classification even when dealing with contaminated datasets. A robust information criterion is proposed for model selection. Experiments on real and simulated data, artificially adulterated, are provided to underline the benefits of the proposed method

Comportamiento reproductivo del lobo marino sudamericano

En la evolución de los lobos sudamericanos, son varios los factores que modelaran sus comportamientos reproductivos y las diferencias entre los sexos que podemos observar en la naturaleza. Una de las principales características es la capacidad de desarrollar un comportamiento reproductivo plástico y cambiante. La influencia de las variaciones ecológicas sobre los sistemas reproductivos modelan las características de las estrategias reproductivas en los pinnípedos, y el lobo marino sudamericano es un ejemplo de ello. Se describen estrategias reproductivas y del comportamiento de la especie Otaria flavescens que ha sido estudiada en detalle en la peníncula de Valdés, Argentina (océano Atlántico sudoccidental)

The Transmission of the "Somniale Danielis", from Latin to Vernacular Italian (Laurenziano Martelli 12 and Riccardiano 859)

The Somniale Danielis is a dream manual widely circulated in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. It is structured through dream symbols and their concise explanation. Medieval manuscripts of the Somniale-from the ninth century to the end of the fifteenth century-generally bear the same dreams, but show changes in the structure of their entries. The coherence of its symbology throughout several centuries allows for a linguistic analysis across these dream manuals that situates them in specific cultural contexts. This article focuses on two manuscripts, each containing a Latin and an Italian version of the Somniale, and aims to show how the Italian versions develop, and vary from, the Latin texts, as the vernacular versions simplify the language of their source text in order to create shorter entries

European Treasure: A. H. Reed\u27s French and Italian Autograph Letters

This catalogue, published in conjunction with the exhibition “European Treasure: A. H. Reed’s French and Italian Autograph Letters,”aims to create a meaningful connection among disparate handwritings, which guide us through troubled times in late eighteenth and early nineteenth century Europe, among two nations in search of their national identities. It includes letters by people who helped to make France and Italy the modern states they are today. Of particular interest are letters by Italy’s ‘father of the nation’ Giuseppe Garibaldi, which exemplify the rebellious spirit agitating European nations in search of stability, identity and peace. Certain letters evoke cultural aspects, such as Jules Verne’s letter responding to a literary admirer who had evidently written to him in praise. Personal letters to friends convey a more human side and give us a glimpse into some private and daily aspects of the lives of those writers. Alfred Hamish Reed’s letter collecting is itself a subject of focus, with displays of his meticulously organised albums of letters, to which he habitually added portraits of authors or significant persons, a typed copy of the letter text, supplemented with biographical notes, and embellished with fancy lettering and illuminated in colour. The Barham scrapbook, recently discovered at a bookstore in Canada, contains the correspondence of Mr. and Mrs. Barham with Mr. Reed during his final years, and reveals their fascination with his character. Mr. Reed began collecting autograph letters in 1907, laying the foundation of a huge collection. He appreciated a letter for its uniqueness, retaining something of the individuality of the author, and sometimes the personality of the recipient. These rare and precious items offer an exceptional opportunity to glimpse the personalities of various French and Italian historical and cultural figures – and of Mr. Reed himself.https://egrove.olemiss.edu/libarts_book/1037/thumbnail.jp

Fusión de suturas craneales en el delfín franciscana, Pontoporia blainvillei (Gervais and D'Orbigny, 1844)

Se estudió la fusión de suturas craneales y su asimetría bilateral en el delfín franciscana, Pontoporia blainvillei. Nuestros resultados mostraron que el cierre de suturas presenta baja variabilidad asociada a la longitud corporal total, exceptuando la sutura premaxilar-maxilar, cuyo estado de fusión mostró cierta asociación con el tamaño. Las suturas no mostraron asimetría direccional en su patrón de cierre, en concordancia con los resultados encontrados para las especies de delfines estudiadas hasta ahora. Nuestros resultados apoyan la idea de que diferentes especies de delfines exhiben distintos patrones de cierre de suturas asociados con su historia evolutiva y sus demandas funcionales específicas, y que no hay un patrón común general.Cranial suture closure and its bilateral asymmetry in the franciscana dolphin, Pontoporia blainvillei, were studied. Our results showed that the closure of cranial sutures exhibit low variability associated to total body size, with the exception of the premaxilla-maxilla suture which showed some correlation with body size. The cranial sutures of franciscana dolphins showed closure with no directional asymmetry, in accordance with the results found in dolphin species studied to date. Our results support the idea that different species of dolphins exhibit distinct patterns of suture closure, associated with their specific evolutionary histories and functional demands, and that there is no general common pattern.Fil: del Castillo, Daniela Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; ArgentinaFil: Flores, David Alfredo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico - Tucumán. Unidad Ejecutora Lillo. San Miguel de Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: Cappozzo, Humberto Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; Argentina. Fundación de Historia Natural Félix de Azara; Argentin

Mamíferos en el mar : entre lobos y delfínes

Fil: Cappozzo, Humberto Luis. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; Argentina.Desde siempre los mamíferos marinos fascinaron al hombre, ya sea por su condición de mamíferos\nadaptados a vivir en el mar, por su condición de importante fuente proteica, o como fuente de\nleyendas; principalmente para el hombre costero del pasado y para algunas culturas actuales que los\nincluyen en sus platos tradicionales y codiciados. Lo cierto es que resultan un modelo de importancia\npara estudiar ecología marina, incluso cuando tenemos en cuenta que en numerosos ecosistemas\npueden competir, potencialmente, con el hombre por el resto de las proteínas de origen marino. Lo\nadecuado sería que pudiéramos coexistir con los mamíferos marinos, extrayendo racionalmente\nalimentos o recursos de los océanos preservando la biodiversidad marina en el proceso

Trunk Inclination Estimate During the Sprint Start Using an Inertial Measurement Unit: A Validation Study

The proper execution of the sprint start is crucial in determining the performance during a sprint race. In this respect, when moving from the crouch to the upright position, trunk kinematics is a key element. The purpose of this study was to validate the use of a trunk-mounted inertial measurement unit (IMU) in estimating the trunk inclination and angular velocity in the sagittal plane during the sprint start. In-laboratory sprint starts were performed by five sprinters. The local acceleration and angular velocity components provided by the IMU were processed using an adaptive Kalman filter. The accuracy of the IMU inclination estimate and its consistency with trunk inclination were assessed using reference stereophotogrammetric measurements. A Bland-Altman analysis, carried out using parameters (minimum, maximum, and mean values) extracted from the time histories of the estimated variables, and curve similarity analysis (correlation coefficient > 0.99, root mean square difference < 7 deg) indicated the agreement between reference and IMU estimates, opening a promising scenario for an accurate in-field use of IMUs for sprint start performance assessment

Monitoring tools for robust estimation of cluster weighted models

In a robust approach to model fitting for the cluster weighted model, many choices are to be made by the statistician: specifying the shape of the clusters in the explanatory variables, assuming (or not) equal variance for the errors in the re- gression lines, and setting hyper-parameter values for the robust estimation to be protected from outliers and contamination. The most delicate hyper-parameter to specify is perhaps the percentage of trimming, or the amount of data to be excluded from the estimate, to ensure reliable inference. In this work we introduce diagnos- tic tools to help the professional, or the scientist who needs to group the data, to make an educated choice about this hyper-parameter, after a first exploration of the resulting model space

Group-Wise Shrinkage Estimation in Penalized Model-Based Clustering

Finite Gaussian mixture models provide a powerful and widely employed probabilistic approach for clustering multivariate continuous data. However, the practical usefulness of these models is jeopardized in high-dimensional spaces, where they tend to be over-parameterized. As a consequence, different solutions have been proposed, often relying on matrix decompositions or variable selection strategies. Recently, a methodological link between Gaussian graphical models and finite mixtures has been established, paving the way for penalized model-based clustering in the presence of large precision matrices. Notwithstanding, current methodologies implicitly assume similar levels of sparsity across the classes, not accounting for different degrees of association between the variables across groups. We overcome this limitation by deriving group-wise penalty factors, which automatically enforce under or over-connectivity in the estimated graphs. The approach is entirely data-driven and does not require additional hyper-parameter specification. Analyses on synthetic and real data showcase the validity of our proposal