Biointensive integrated management of Lipaphis erysimi Kalt. (Homoptera: Aphididae) in Brassica spp.

Field experiment was conducted at Regional Research station, Samargopalpur, Rohtak (Haryana) during Rabi season of the year 2015-2016 to evaluate bioefficacy of various treatments against mustard aphid, Lipaphis-erysimi on Indian mustard. Treatments were: T1–Verticillium lecanii @ 108 CS/ml, T2–Beauveria bassiana @ 108 CS/ml, T3 - Neem seed kernel extract @ 5%, T4 - Neem seed methanol extract @ 5%, T5 - V. lecanii @ 108 CS/ml + Clipping of infested twigs, T6 - B. bassiana @ 108 CS/ml + Clipping of infested twigs, T7 - NSKE @ 5% + Clipping of infested twigs, T8 - V. lecanii @ 108 CS/ml + NSKE @ 5%, T9 - B. bassiana @ 108 CS/ml + NSKE @ 5%, T10 - Dime-thoate 30EC @ 250 ml/acre. Dimethoate was found to be most effective in reducing the aphid population (95.03 %) followed by V. lecanii @ 108 CS/ml + NSKE @ 5% (88.52 %), NSKE @ 5% + Clipping of infested twigs (87.77 %) and B. bassiana @ 108 CS/ml + NSKE @5% (86.91 %) after ten days of spray. The highest seed yield was recorded in treatment dimethoate 30EC (1702 kg/ha) followed by V.lecanii @ 108 CS/ml +NSKE @ 5% (1635 kg/ha), NSKE @ 5% + Clipping of infested twigs (1626 kg/ha) and B.bassiana @ 108 CS/ml + NSKE @ 5% (1617 kg/ha). Dimethoate was found to be highly cost effective with highest cost benefit ratio (1:14.92) followed by NSKE @ 5% + clipping of infested twigs (1:13.81) and NSKE @ 5% (1:11.41)

Catalytic Hydrogen Production by Ruthenium Complexes from the Conversion of Primary Amines to Nitriles: Potential Application as a Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier

The potential application of the primary amine/nitrile pair as a liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC) has been evaluated. Ruthenium complexes of formula [(p-cym)Ru(NHC)Cl2] (NHC=N-heterocyclic carbene) catalyze the acceptorless dehydrogenation of primary amines to nitriles with the formation of molecular hydrogen. Notably, the reaction proceeds without any external additive, under air, and under mild reaction conditions. The catalytic properties of a ruthenium complex supported on the surface of graphene have been explored for reutilization purposes. The ruthenium-supported catalyst is active for at least 10 runs without any apparent loss of activity. The results obtained in terms of catalytic activity, stability, and recyclability are encouraging for the potential application of the amine/nitrile pair as a LOHC. The main challenge in the dehydrogenation of benzylamines is the selectivity control, such as avoiding the formation of imine byproducts due to transamination reactions. Herein, selectivity has been achieved by using long-chain primary amines such as dodecylamine. Mechanistic studies have been performed to rationalize the key factors involved in the activity and selectivity of the catalysts in the dehydrogenation of amines. The experimental results suggest that the catalyst resting state contains a coordinated amine.The authors thank the financial support from MINECO (CTQ2015-69153-C2-2-R), Generalitat Valenciana (AICO/2015/ 039), and the UniversitatJaume I(P1.1B2015-09).The authors are very grateful to the “Serve is Centrals d’Instr umentac ij Cien- t&fica (SCIC)” of the Universitat Jaume I

Bilateral multirooted first primary molar: A rare case report

Morphologic root variation is a rare finding in primary molars with reported prevalence of <0.1%. In depth understanding about such disparity of tooth structure is of high significance in pediatric endodontics. The present case presents deciduous first molar with three roots bilaterally

Evaluation and management of oral complications in oral cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy

Background: Mucositis, xerostomia, dysgeusia, trismus, radiation caries, osteomyelitis, and osteoradionecrosis are a few examples of radiotherapy (RT) complications, eventually distressing the patient's life. Objectives: To study the oral complications emerging due to RT and evaluate dental management of such complications before, during, and post-RT in oral cancer patients. Methods: Patients were evaluated on various parameters, which include the Oral Hygiene Index Simplified (OHI-S), Periodontal Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), D – Decayed, M – Missing due to caries, F – Filled, T – permanent teeth (DMFT) Index, mucositis, xerostomia, dysgeusia, and interincisal distance before, during (10th session and last session), and 1 month after the last session of RT were evaluated and compared. Statistical Analysis: The following tests were applied: Chi-square test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, and standard deviation method. Results: P value <0.001 in OHI-S, PI, GI, DMFT index, mucositis, xerostomia, and dysgeusia, which is statistically significant. There was no difference found statistically in the interincisal distance. Conclusions: Oral healthcare team serves a vital role in preventing and managing short- and long-term complications of RT. There should be a mandatory prerequisite to visit an oral physician before, during, and after RT for supportive and palliative oral care