Colony stimulating factor-1 receptor as a treatment for cognitive deficits postfractionated whole-brain irradiation.

Whole-brain irradiation (WBI) is commonly used to treat primary tumors of the central nervous systems tumors as well as brain metastases. While this technique has increased survival among brain tumor patients, the side effects of including a decline in cognitive abilities that are generally progressive. In an effort to combat WBI side effects, researchers explored the treatment of colony stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R) inhibitor. Data show that when a CSF-1R inhibitor is administered with fractionated WBI treatment, there is a decline in the number of resident and peripheral mononuclear phagocytes, a decrease in dendritic spine loss and a reduction in functional and memory deficits. CSFR-1R inhibitors have displayed promising results as an effective counter-treatment for WBI-induced deficits. Further research is required to optimize treatment strategies, establish a treatment timeline and gain a better understanding of the long-term side effects of targeting CSF-1R as a treatment strategy for WBI symptoms. This paper is a review article. Referred literature in this paper has been listed in the references section. The datasets supporting the conclusions of this article are available online by searching various databases, including PubMed. Some original points in this article come from the laboratory practice in our research center and the authors' experiences

BEBERAPA PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP MENGENAI ABORSI ANTARA SISWA YANG MENDAPAT DAN TIDAK MENDAPAT PENYULUHAN KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI REMAJA TAHUN 2005

Banyaknya kasus aborsi di Indonesia khususnya di kalangan remaja terjadi akibat adanya kesenjangan informasi tentang kesehatan reproduksi. Semakin berkembangnya teknologi informasi dan mudahnya akses informasi menjadikan para remaja semakin mudah mendapatkan informasi tentang kesehatan reproduksi yang belum tentu benar. Untuk itulah sangat mendesak untuk mamsukkan kesehatan reproduksi ke dalam kurikulum di sekolah. Penyuluhan kesehatan merupakan salah satu metode dalam pemdidikan kesehatan. Tujuan pemelitian ini adalah mgetetahui perbedaan pengetahuan dan sikap antara siswa yang mendapat dan tidak mendapat penyuluhan kesehatan reproduksi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian survey dan dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel terdiri dari 2 kelompok siswa yang mendapat penyuluhan kesehatan reproduksi dan kelompok siswa yang tidak mendapat penyuluhan kesehatan reproduksi. Masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 54 siswa sebagai responden penelitian, yang ditentukan secara acak dengan bantuan tabel random. Data skor pengetahuan dan sikap diuji dengan Mann Whitney U Test karena dari uji normalitas data didapatkan bahwa data pengetahuan dan data sikap merupakan data tidak normal. Untuk menguji ada tidaknya pengaruh variabel luar dilakukan uji homogenitas terhadap variabel umur, jenis kelamin dan sumber informasi. Hasil uji statistik terhadap skor pengetahuan dengan uji Mann Whitney U Test pada alfa=0,05 didapatkan nilai Mann Whitney U Test sebesar 1006,500 dan p-value sebesar 0,004 (p-value<0,05) sehingga dapat disimpulkan ada perbedaan pengetahuan mengenai aborsi antara siswa yang mendapat dan tidak mendapat penyuluhan kesehatan reproduksi. Sedangkan pada skor sikap melalui uji statistik dengan alfa=0,05 didapatkan nilai Mann Whitney U Test sebesar 1127,00 dan p-value sebesar 0,041 (p-value<0,05), sehingga dapat disimpulkan ada perbedaan sikap mengenai aborsi antara siswa yang mendapat dan tidak mendapat penyuluhan kesehatan reproduksi. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disarankan untuk meningkatkan kegiatan penyuluhan kespro pada remaja khususnya di sekolah-sekolah untuk mencegah perilaku aborsi dikalangan remaja. Kata Kunci: Aborsi, penyuluhan kesehatan reproduksi remaja, pengetahuan mengenai aborsi, sikap mengenai aborsi STUDI PADA MAN 3 YOGYAKARTA) THE DIFFERENCE OF KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE CONCERNING ABORTION BETWEEN STUDENT WHICH GET AND NOT GET COUNSELLING OF HEALTH OF ADOLESCENT REPRODUCTION IN 2005 (STUDY IN MAN 3 YOGYAKARTA) To the number of cases of abortion in Indonesia specially among adolescent, happened effect of information difference corcerning health of reproduction. Progresively expand information technology him and easy to him access information make all adolescent progressively easy to get information corcerning health of reproduction which not yet of cource correctness. To that is imperative to pu into health of reproduction into curriculum in school. Counsellingof health are one of the methode in education health. Targwet of this research is to know difference of attitude and nowledge among /between student getting and do not get counselling of health of reproduction. Research type are research of survey and with approach af sectional cross. Sampel consist of 2 group that is student group getting counselling of health of student group and reproduction which do not get counselling of health of reproduction. Each group concist of 54 student as research responder, determined through randomitation. Score knowledge data and attitude tested with Mann Whitney U Test because from test of normalitas data got that knowledge data and attitude data are are data below par. To the there is him influence of variable not external to test homogeneity to of old age variable, information soaurce and gender. Result statisticzl test to knowledge score with test of Mann Whitney U at alfa=o,05got by value of Mann Whitney U test equal to 1006,500 and p-value equal to 0,004 (p-value < 0,005) so that can be concluded by there is difference of knowledge concerning abortion among student getting and do not get counselling of health of reproduction. While at attitude score pass statistical test with alfa=0,05 got by value of Mann Whitney U test equal to 1127,00 and p-value equal to 0,041 (p-value < 0,005), so that can be concluded by there is difference of knowledge concerning abortion among student getting and do not get counselling of health of reproduction. From the result can be suggested to improve activity of counselling of kespro at adolescent specially in schools to prevent behavior of abortion among aolescent. Keyword : Abortion,counselling of health of adolescent reproduction, knowledge concerning abortion, attitude concerning abortio

Full Jet Reconstruction in 2.76 TeV pp and Pb-Pb collisions in the ALICE experiment

Measurements of the suppression of high-pT particles and the away-side jets from heavy-ion collisions at RHIC have shown that medium-induced energy loss affects partons produced in the early stage of a heavy-ion collision. At LHC energies the initial production cross-section is much higher, which allows jets to be reconstructed with a wide kinematic range. Measuring fully reconstructed jets by taking advantage of the ALICE Electromagnetic Calorimeter allows for a more differential investigation of the parton energy loss. Parton energy loss will allow us to access key observables of the hot, dense matter created in heavy ion collisions. The data presented was collected during the 2.76 TeV Pb-Pb runs, as well as baseline measurements from the 2.76 TeV pp run. The procedures used to reconstruct jets and extract them from a fluctuating background will be discussed. The procedure for quantifying the background with a limited acceptance will also be discussed. These results are compared to pp measurements and simulations.Comment: 4 Pages, Hot Quarks 2012 Proceeding

Inclusive jet spectra in 2.76 TeV collisions from ALICE

Measurements of high-pT particle production in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC have shown that medium-induced energy loss affects the partons produced in the early stage of a heavy-ion col- lision. The increased initial production cross section for partons at LHC energies makes fully reconstructed jets available in a wide kinematic range, which allows for a more differential in- vestigation of parton energy loss. Partonic energy loss allows us to access key observables of the hot deconfined nuclear matter produced in heavy-ion collisions. The inclusive cross-section of reconstructed jets using the ALICE tracking detectors and electromagnetic calorimeter is pre- sented from data collected during the 2.76 TeV pp runs. The procedures used to reconstruct jets and extract them from a fluctuating background in Pb-Pb collisions are discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, proceedings from Quark Matter 2012 at Washington D

Modulation of adult-born neurons in the inflamed hippocampus.

Throughout life new neurons are continuously added to the hippocampal circuitry involved with spatial learning and memory. These new cells originate from neural precursors in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus, migrate into the granule cell layer, and integrate into neural networks encoding spatial and contextual information. This process can be influenced by several environmental and endogenous factors and is modified in different animal models of neurological disorders. Neuroinflammation, as defined by the presence of activated microglia, is a common key factor to the progression of neurological disorders. Analysis of the literature shows that microglial activation impacts not only the production, but also the migration and the recruitment of new neurons. The impact of microglia on adult-born neurons appears much more multifaceted than ever envisioned before, combining both supportive and detrimental effects that are dependent upon the activation phenotype and the factors being released. The development of strategies aimed to change microglia toward states that promote functional neurogenesis could therefore offer novel therapeutic opportunities against neurological disorders associated with cognitive deficits and neuroinflammation. The present review summarizes the current knowledge on how production, distribution, and recruitment of new neurons into behaviorally relevant neural networks are modified in the inflamed hippocampus

Anisotropic and dispersive wave propagation within strain-gradient framework

In this paper anisotropic and dispersive wave propagation within linear strain-gradient elasticity is investigated. This analysis reveals significant features of this extended theory of continuum elasticity. First, and contrarily to classical elasticity, wave propagation in hexagonal (chiral or achiral) lattices becomes anisotropic as the frequency increases. Second, since strain-gradient elasticity is dispersive, group and energy velocities have to be treated as different quantities. These points are first theoretically derived, and then numerically experienced on hexagonal chiral and achiral lattices. The use of a continuum model for the description of the high frequency behavior of these microstructured materials can be of great interest in engineering applications, allowing problems with complex geometries to be more easily treated

Metal Chelating Activity Of Rice Bran And Rice Husk

Free radical-induced oxidative stress is the root cause for many human diseases. Naturally occurring antioxidant supplements from plants are vital to counter the oxidative damage in cells. The main objective of the present study was to explore and compare the antioxidant activity of rice bran and rice husk extracted from rice milling waste. N-hexane extracts of rice bran and rice husk were used to study their in vitro antioxidant activities using metal chelating activity (iron (II)-phenanthroline complex). Vitamin E was used as standard material. The ability of the sample to chelate metal ion (ferrous ion) was calculated relative to the control and expressed as % inhibition. % inhibition of two samples were analyzed with student test (P=0.05). The results have shown that at the same concentration (10 ppm), rice husk extract, rice bran extract and vitamin E have the different activity, i.e.: 0.51%, 2.27% and 5.55% in inhibition of chelat formation, respectively. In conclusion, metal chelating activity of rice husk extract is smaller than rice bran extract. Activity of rice bran extract is almost a half from vitamin E, so thi