Weak decays of heavy hadrons into dynamically generated resonances

In this paper, we present a review of recent works on weak decay of heavy mesons and baryons with two mesons, or a meson and a baryon, interacting strongly in the final state. The aim is to learn about the interaction of hadrons and how some particular resonances are produced in the reactions. It is shown that these reactions have peculiar features and act as filters for some quantum numbers which allow to identify easily some resonances and learn about their nature. The combination of basic elements of the weak interaction with the framework of the chiral unitary approach allow for an interpretation of results of many reactions and add a novel information to different aspects of the hadron interaction and the properties of dynamically generated resonances.We would like to thank C. Hanhart and S. Stone for valuable comments on the manuscript. One of us, E. O., wishes to acknowledge support from the Chinese Academy of Science in the Program of Visiting Professorship for Senior International Scientists (Grant No. 2013T2J0012). This work is partly supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad and European FEDER funds under the contract numbers FIS2011-28853-C02-01, FIS2011-28853-C02-02, FIS2014-57026-REDT, FIS2014-51948-C2-1-P, and FIS2014-51948-C2-2-P, and the Generalitat Valenciana in the program Prometeo II-2014/068. This work is also partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 11165005, 11565007, 11475227, 11375080 and 11575076. We acknowledge the support of the European Community-Research Infrastructure Integrating Activity Study of Strongly Interacting Matter (acronym HadronPhysics3, Grant Agreement n. 283286) under the Seventh Framework Programme of EU. It is also supported by the Open Project Program of State Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China (No. Y5KF151CJ1). M. D. gratefully acknowledges support from the NSF/PIF Grant No. PHY 1415459 and the NSF/Career grant No. 1452055.Peer reviewe

(B)over-bar(0), B- and (B)over-bar(S)(0) decays into J/psi and K (K)over-bar or pi eta

12 pages.- 6 figures.- v2: discussion added, references addedWe study the (B) over bar (0)(S) -> J/psi K+ K-, (B) over bar (0) -> J/psi K+ K, B- -> J/psi K+ K-, (B) over bar (0) -> J/psi pi(0)eta(-), decays and compare their mass distributions with those obtained for the (B) over bar (0)(S) -> J/psi pi(+) pi(-) and (B) over bar (0)(S) -> J/psi pi(+)pi(-). The approach followed consist in a factorization of the weak part and the hadronization part into a factor which is common to all the processes. Then what makes the reactions different are some trivial CabibboKobayashi- Maskawa matrix elements and the weight by which the different pairs of mesons appear in a primary step plus their final state interaction. These elements are part of the theory and thus, up to a global normalization factor, all the invariant mass distributions are predicted with no free parameters. Comparison is made with the limited experimental information available. Further comparison of these results with coming LHCb measurements will be very valuable to make progress in our understanding of the meson- meson interaction and the nature of the low lying scalar meson resonances, f(0)(500), f(0)( 980) and a(0)(980).We would like to thank Tim Gershon for a careful reading of the manuscript and useful information concerning the LHCb experiments. One of us, E. O. wishes to acknowledge support from the Chinese Academy of Science in the Program of Visiting Professorship for Senior International Scientists (Grant No. 2013T2J0012). This work is partly supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad and European FEDER funds under the contract number FIS2011-28853-C02-01, FIS2011-28853-C02-02, FIS2014-57026-REDT, FIS2014-51948-C2- 1-P, and FIS2014-51948-C2-2-P, and the Generalitat Valenciana in the program Prometeo II-2014/068. This work is also partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 11165005, 11565007, and 11475227. It is also supported by the Open Project Program of State Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China (No. Y5KF151CJ1). We acknowledge the support of the European Community-Research Infrastructure Integrating Activity Study of Strongly Interacting Matter (acronym Hadron-Physics3, Grant Agreement n. 283286) under the Seventh Framework Programme of EU.Peer reviewe

电子-离子对撞机上开展核子及其激发态研究的建议

<span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248);">核子及其激发态性质研究一直是中高能核物理的一个重要研究领域。然而,到目前为止,对核子及其激发态内部结构的了解还处在初级阶段。首先介绍了核子及其激发态研究现状,指出了三夸克模型在描述核子特别是核子激发态内部结构方面存在很大的缺陷。为解决传统三夸克模型的不足,有一种新的观点认为虽然独立的五夸克态不存在,但是核子及其共振态中存在可观的五夸克激发。这种五夸克图像提供了一个描述核子内部结构的新见解,给出了与经典三夸克图像相当不同的核子激发态谱预言,还有待实验检验。目前国内外正在论证的电子-离子对撞机(EIC)将是研究核子结构下一代最重要的加速器装置,被视为超级电子显微镜。由于EIC有较高的能量和亮度,特别是低本底等优势,可以开展核子及其激发态性质的研究以及新强子态研究。</span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248);">The study of the properties of the nucleon and nucleon resonances is an important field in the high and intermediate energy nuclear physics, however, until now, our understanding about the structure of the nucleon and nucleon resonances is still in its infancy. We give a brief review on the current researches of the nucleon and nucleon resonances, and point out that the classical quark model can not successfully describe the structure of the nucleon and nucleon resonances. For doing this, a new idea claims that although the five-quark state does not exist, but, there could be significant five-quark components in the nucleon and nucleon resonances. This five-quark configure gives different predictions for the nucleon resonances which will be tested by the future experiments. Now, the proposed Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) will be the most important accelerator installation for studying the nucleon structure, and it is called super-electronic-microscope. Because of the high energy and luminosity, and also low background, we can study the properties of the nucleon and nucleon resonances and new hadron states on EIC.</span

Garcinia Fruits: Their Potential to Combat Metabolic Syndrome

The genus Garcinia belonging to the Clusiaceae family consists of more than 250 species and is traditionally used for diseases such as dysentery, rheumatism, and inflammation; as an antiparasitic or antimicrobial medication; or as food and flavoring. The genus is native to many countries around the tropical region. Phytochemical analyses have identified the presence of α‐mangostin, γ‐mangostin, hydroxycitric acid, guttiferone A, garcinol, morelloflavone, atroviridin, xanthochymol, kolaviron, and 7‐epiclusianones, among other compounds. These compounds may improve health by their antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, anti‐obesity, and antiproliferative actions. Metabolic syndrome involves increased oxidative stress and chronic low‐grade inflammation to produce conditions including hypertension, hyperglycemia, abdominal obesity, changes in the plasma lipid profile, and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease, thereby increasing the risk of stroke, diabetes, and heart disease. This chapter will discuss the potential of the bioactive compounds found in Garcinia species as treatments for metabolic syndrome