Fractal Properties of Robust Strange Nonchaotic Attractors in Maps of Two or More Dimensions

We consider the existence of robust strange nonchaotic attractors (SNA's) in a simple class of quasiperiodically forced systems. Rigorous results are presented demonstrating that the resulting attractors are strange in the sense that their box-counting dimension is N+1 while their information dimension is N. We also show how these properties are manifested in numerical experiments.Comment: 9 pages, 14 figure

χQJ→ℓ+ℓ−\chi_{QJ} \to\ell^+\ell^- within and beyond the Standard Model

We revisit $\chi_{QJ}\to \ell^+\ell^-$ (with $J=0,1,2$ and $Q=b,c$) within the Standard Model (SM). The electro-magnetic contributions are given in color-singlet model with non-vanishing lepton masses at the leading order of $v$. Numerically, the branching ratios of $\chi_{QJ}\to\ell^{+}\ell^{-}$ predicted within the SM are so small that such decays are barely possible to be detected at future BESIII and SuperB experiments, but may be possible to be observed at the LHC. We investigate $\chi_{b0}\to\ell^+\ell^-$ in Type-II 2HDM with large $\tan\beta$, and $\chi_{b2}\to\ell^+\ell^-$ in the Randall-Sundrum model, to see their chance to be observed in future experiments.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures. To match the published versio

Geographical and temporal distribution of SARS-CoV-2 clades in the WHO European Region, January to June 2020

We show the distribution of SARS-CoV-2 genetic clades over time and between countries and outline potential genomic surveillance objectives. We applied three available genomic nomenclature systems for SARS-CoV-2 to all sequence data from the WHO European Region available during the COVID-19 pandemic until 10 July 2020. We highlight the importance of real-time sequencing and data dissemination in a pandemic situation. We provide a comparison of the nomenclatures and lay a foundation for future European genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2.Peer reviewe

Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362

Late Silurian to early Devonian development of the Chingiz accretion arc, West Junggar: insights into accretion arc evolution in the Central Asia Orogenic Belt

Early Palaeozoic evolution of the Kazakhstan orocline in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) is key to reconstructing the Palaeozoic tectonic framework in Central Asia. This study presents field mapping, geochemistry, and geochronological data from the Wulasitai area of northern West Junggar to constrain the subduction polarity and major tectonic events in the Chingiz arc of the Kazakhstan orocline during the Early Palaeozoic. The mapping area outcrops imbricated coherent turbidite slices and mélanges that consist of chert, limestone, silt, sandstone, and conglomerate blocks in mudstone matrix, representing an OPS (Ocean Plate Stratigraphy) mélange in an accretionary complex. Existing fossil ages from these blocks range from the Ordovician to Silurian, while our new detrital zircon U-Pb samples from the turbiditic matrix yield maximum depositional ages (MDTs) from 428\ua0±\ua02\ua0Ma to 450\ua0±\ua01\ua0Ma. Detrital zircon ages of ~510 to 430\ua0Ma in the mélange suggest the Chingiz arc to the south of the study area as a major sediment source, providing an indirect constraint on the polarity of subduction. We suggest that the northern part of the Chingiz arc may be underlain by southward subduction, with the accretionary complex located on the Wulasitai area of the northern West Junggar. The Wulasitai mélange is overlain depostionally by volcanic rocks carrying depleted HFSE and enriched LILE, LREE. The andesite and tuff are dated to 415\ua0±\ua05\ua0Ma, 414\ua0±\ua03\ua0Ma, and 402\ua0±\ua06\ua0Ma, which we interpret as reflecting the development of the volcanic arc onto the previous subduction complex. This model implies the generation of the arc (accretion arc) as the slab rolling back and trench retreating, which may play an important role in the evolutionary history of CAOB