Effects of Kinesio Tex Tape on Knee Injuries in Collegiate Athletes

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of KinesioTex Tape on knee conditions in collegiate athletes. Specifically, the study examined the effects of KinesioTex Tape on pain and effusion in patients with patella related knee conditions at Bridgewater State University. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used to measure pain and a measuring tape was used to measure the circumference of the knee. It was hypothesized that KinesioTex tape would decrease the amount of pain and effusion in patella related knee conditions in collegiate athletes. A total of 3 participants were recruited to take part in the research. Recruitment was done through the athletic trainers at Bridgewater State University and through e-mail. Athletes had pre measurements taken after which KinesioTex Tape was applied. Measurements were then taken immediately post application and then again at 36 hours. Data collected showed a decrease in absolute pain scores with all participants, with the greatest decrease being in relative change ranging from 54% to 100%. Girth measurements decreased in all participants at 36 hours but were the same or increased immediately post application. The findings indicated that KinesioTex Tape may assist in decreasing pain and effusion in patella related knee conditions. Future research should aim to further quantify the effects of KinesioTex Tape on all injuries and conditions

An Analysis of International Student Recruitment for UK Business Schools: A Chinese and Indian Cultural Perspective

This study aims to contribute to the knowledge of understanding international higher education services within the UK, which is underpinned by marketing theories and serves to provide managerial implications for education marketers. This is undertaken within the specific context of Chinese and Indian's decision making process of choosing to study a UK business degree. The purpose of this dissertation is to systematically examine and critically evaluate literature in international higher education services, the consumers decision making process and underlying characteristic of Chinese and Indian culture which influences their decisions. A proposed model was developed based on the existing literature derived from the decision making process of international students and Chinese and Indian cultural value systems. Furthermore, the researcher empirically tested these frameworks on Chinese and Indian students' choice of behaviour, which in turn supports revised models. These serve to provide managerial implications for both UK higher educational institutions in general and business school management and marketers. This study consists of three main sections. The 1st section (Chapters 2, 3 and 4) comprise the literature review which contains an outline of the service characteristics in the higher education sector. Chapter 2 begins by providing an overview of the main education exports, the USA, UK before then focusing on the increasing trend of internationalisation of education, including the preferred study of business and increasing demand from emerging markers, namely China and India. The 1st section then moves on to critically assess and evaluate existing decision-making models before the author proposes an new and extended model which hopes to identify gaps in the literature. This part of the study draws to a close by recognising culture as a significant influence on the decision making process of Chinese and Indian students. The second section of this study includes the research methodology (Chapter 5). Research paradigms are discussed, followed by an evaluation of the effectiveness of the qualitative in- depth interview as the main method of this study. Finally, the 2nd section examines the questionnaire design, its modification, sampling, and measurement procedures. The third section presents the analysis and interpretation of the data obtained in reference to the literature review and the model proposed by the author. The final sections also summarises the main research contributions and conclusions of this study, discusses the managerial implications and outlines the limitations and suggests future research directions

Kapsula

Selections from the 2015 Conference of the Contemporary Art, Design and New Media Art Histories Masters Progra

Kapsula

Selections from the 2015 Conference of the Contemporary Art, Design and New Media Art Histories Masters Progra

Evolving Discourses on Water Resource Management and Climate Change in the Equatorial Nile Basin

Transboundary water resources management in the Equatorial Nile Basin (EQNB) is a politically contested issue. There is a growing body of literature examining water-related discourses which identifies the ability of powerful actors and institutions to influence policy. Concern about the effects of future climate change has featured strongly in research on the Nile River for several decades. It is therefore timely to consider whether and how these concerns are reflected in regional policy documents and policy discourse. This study analyzes discourse framings of water resources management and climate change in policy documents (27, published between 2001 and 2013) and as elicited in interviews (38) with water managers in the EQNB. Three main discursive framings are identified which are present in the discourses on both subjects: a problem-oriented environmental risk frame and two solution-oriented frames, on governance and infrastructure development. Climate change discourse only emerges as a common topic around 2007. The framings found in the water resources management discourse and the climate change discourse are almost identical, suggesting that discursive framings were adopted from the former for use in the latter. We infer that the climate change discourse may have offered a less politically sensitive route to circumvent political sensitivities around water allocation and distribution between riparian countries in the EQNB. However, the climate change discourse does not offer a lasting solution to the more fundamental political dispute over water allocation. Moreover, in cases where the climate change discourse is subsumed within a water resources management discourse, there are dangers that it will not fully address the needs of effective adaptation

The role of parenting behaviors in childhood post-traumatic stress disorder: a meta-analytic review

Studies that have examined the association between parenting behaviors and childhood post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have yielded mixed findings. To clarify the role of parenting in childhood PTSD we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 14 studies that investigated the association between parenting and youth PTSD symptoms (total n = 4010). Negative parenting behaviors (e.g. overprotection, hostility) accounted for 5.3% of the variance in childhood PTSD symptoms. Positive parenting behaviors (e.g. warmth, support) account for 2.0% of variance. The negative and positive parenting and child PTSD symptom associations did not statistically differ in magnitude. Moderator analyses indicated that methodological factors and trauma variables may affect the association between parenting and child PTSD. Most studies relied upon questionnaire measures of general parenting style, and studies were predominantly cross-sectional with weaker evidence found in longitudinal studies. Given the small number of high quality studies available, only provisional recommendations about the role of parenting in childhood PTSD are made

A comprehensive analysis of common genetic variation around six candidate loci for intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.

OBJECTIVES: Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) has a complex etiology with a significant genetic component. Heterozygous mutations of canalicular transporters occur in a subset of ICP cases and a population susceptibility allele (p.444A) has been identified in ABCB11. We sought to expand our knowledge of the detailed genetic contribution to ICP by investigation of common variation around candidate loci with biological plausibility for a role in ICP (ABCB4, ABCB11, ABCC2, ATP8B1, NR1H4, and FGF19). METHODS: ICP patients (n=563) of white western European origin and controls (n=642) were analyzed in a case-control design. Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers (n=83) were selected from the HapMap data set (Tagger, Haploview 4.1 (build 22)). Genotyping was performed by allelic discrimination assay on a robotic platform. Following quality control, SNP data were analyzed by Armitage's trend test. RESULTS: Cochran-Armitage trend testing identified six SNPs in ABCB11 together with six SNPs in ABCB4 that showed significant evidence of association. The minimum Bonferroni corrected P value for trend testing ABCB11 was 5.81×10(-4) (rs3815676) and for ABCB4 it was 4.6×10(-7)(rs2109505). Conditional analysis of the two clusters of association signals suggested a single signal in ABCB4 but evidence for two independent signals in ABCB11. To confirm these findings, a second study was performed in a further 227 cases, which confirmed and strengthened the original findings. CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis of a large cohort of ICP cases has identified a key role for common variation around the ABCB4 and ABCB11 loci, identified the core associations, and expanded our knowledge of ICP susceptibility

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 3DL1 polymorphism defines distinct hierarchies of HLA class I recognition

Natural killer (NK) cells play a key role in immunity, but how HLA class I (HLA-I) and killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 3DL1 (KIR3DL1) polymorphism impacts disease outcome remains unclear. KIR3DL1 (*001/*005/*015) tetramers were screened for reactivity against a panel of HLA-I molecules. This revealed different and distinct hierarchies of specificity for each KIR3DL1 allotype, with KIR3DL1*005 recognizing the widest array of HLA-I ligands. These differences were further reflected in functional studies using NK clones expressing these specific KIR3DL1 allotypes. Unexpectedly, the Ile/Thr80 dimorphism in the Bw4-motif did not categorically define strong/weak KIR3DL1 recognition. Although the KIR3DL1*001, *005, and *015 polymorphisms are remote from the KIR3DL1-HLA-I interface, the structures of these three KIR3DL1-HLA-I complexes showed that the broader HLA-I specificity of KIR3DL1*005 correlated with an altered KIR3DL1*005 interdomain positioning and increased mobility within its ligand-binding site. Collectively, we provide a generic framework for understanding the impact of KIR3DL1 polymorphism on the recognition of HLA-I allomorphs