Relationships between dry land strength, power variables and short sprint performance in young competitive swimmers

The aim of this study was to identify the dry land strength and power tests that can better relate with sprint swimming performance in young competitive swimmers. Twenty-eight (16 boys and 12 girls) young competitive swimmers of national level (12.01 ± 0.56 years-old, Tanner stage 1-2) volunteered to participate in this study. Swimming performance (25 m and 50 m freestyle sprint tests), muscle strength (bench press and leg extension) and muscle power (throwing medicine ball and countermovement jump) performances were tested. Spearman ranking correlation coefficient were computed to verify the association between strength and power variables with sprint swimming performance. Regarding strength tests, the bench press and leg extension exercises were moderate but significantly associated with 25 m and 50 m tests (-0.69 ≤ ρ ≤ -0.58). The sprint tests were only associated with throwing power tests (-0.74 ≤ ρ ≤ -0.54) and not with vertical jump height. The main results suggested that, simple dry land strength and power tests although moderate are significantly associated with sprint swimming performance in young competitive swimmers

Prediction of the in vivo mechanical behavior of biointegrable acrylic macroporous scaffolds

[EN] This study examines a biocompatible scaffold series of random copolymer networks P(EA-HEA) made of Ethyl Acrylate, EA, and 2-Hydroxyl Ethyl Acrylate, HEA. The P(EA-HEA) scaffolds have been synthesized with varying crosslinking density and filled with a Poly(Vinyl Alcohol), PVA, to mimic the growing cartilaginous tissue during tissue repair. In cartilage regeneration the scaffold needs to have sufficient mechanical properties to sustain the compression in the joint and, at the same time, transmit mechanical signals to the cells for chondrogenic differentiation. Mechanical tests show that the elastic modulus increases with increasing crosslinking density of P(EA-HEA) scaffolds. The water plays an important role in the mechanical behavior of the scaffold, but highly depends on the crosslinking density of the proper polymer. Furthermore, when the scaffold with hydrogel is tested it can be seen that the modulus increases with increasing hydrogel density. Even so, the mechanical properties are inferior than those of the scaffolds with water filling the pores. The hydrogel inside the pores of the scaffolds facilitates the expulsion of water during compression and lowers the mechanical modulus of the scaffold. The P(EA-HEA) with PVA shows to be a good artificial cartilage model with mechanical properties close to native articular cartilage.This work was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) through the project MAT2013-46467-C4-1-R (including the FEDER financial support). CIBER-BBN is an initiative funded by the VI National R&D&i Plan 2008-2011, Iniciativa Ingenio 2010, Consolider Program. CIBER actions are financed by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III with assistance from the European Regional Development Fund. The authors acknowledge the assistance and advice of Electron Microscopy Service of the UPV.Vikingsson, L.; Antolinos Turpín, CM.; Gómez-Tejedor, JA.; Gallego Ferrer, G.; Gómez Ribelles, JL. (2016). Prediction of the in vivo mechanical behavior of biointegrable acrylic macroporous scaffolds. Materials Science and Engineering: C. 61:651-658. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2015.12.068S6516586

The SUrvey for Pulsars and Extragalactic Radio Bursts – II. New FRB discoveries and their follow-up

We report the discovery of four Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) in the ongoing SUrvey for Pulsars and Extragalactic Radio Bursts at the Parkes Radio Telescope: FRBs 150610, 151206, 151230 and 160102. Our real-time discoveries have enabled us to conduct extensive, rapid multimessenger follow-up at 12 major facilities sensitive to radio, optical, X-ray, gamma-ray photons and neutrinos on time-scales ranging from an hour to a few months post-burst. No counterparts to the FRBs were found and we provide upper limits on afterglow luminosities. None of the FRBs were seen to repeat. Formal fits to all FRBs show hints of scattering while their intrinsic widths are unresolved in time. FRB 151206 is at low Galactic latitude, FRB 151230 shows a sharp spectral cut-off, and FRB 160102 has the highest dispersion measure (DM = 2596.1 ± 0.3 pc cm−3) detected to date. Three of the FRBs have high dispersion measures (DM > 1500 pc cm−3), favouring a scenario where the DM is dominated by contributions from the intergalactic medium. The slope of the Parkes FRB source counts distribution with fluences >2 Jy ms is α=−2.2+0.6−1.2 and still consistent with a Euclidean distribution (α = −3/2). We also find that the all-sky rate is 1.7+1.5−0.9×103 FRBs/(4π sr)/day above ∼2Jyms and there is currently no strong evidence for a latitude-dependent FRB sky rate

The search for high-energy neutrinos coincident with fast radio bursts with the ANTARES neutrino telescope

[EN] In the past decade, a new class of bright transient radio sources with millisecond duration has been discovered. The origin of these so-called fast radio bursts (FRBs) is still a mystery, despite the growing observational efforts made by various multiwavelength and multimessenger facilities. To date, many models have been proposed to explain FRBs, but neither the progenitors nor the radiative and the particle acceleration processes at work have been clearly identified. In this paper, we assess whether hadronic processes may occur in the vicinity of the FRB source. If they do, FRBs may contribute to the high-energy cosmic-ray and neutrino fluxes. A search for these hadronic signatures was carried out using the ANTARES neutrino telescope. The analysis consists in looking for high-energy neutrinos, in the TeV-PeV regime, that are spatially and temporally coincident with the detected FRBs. Most of the FRBs discovered in the period 2013-2017 were in the field of view of the ANTARES detector, which is sensitive mostly to events originating from the Southern hemisphere. From this period, 12 FRBs were selected and no coincident neutrino candidate was observed. Upper limits on the per-burst neutrino fluence were derived using a power-law spectrum, dN/DE nu proportional to E-nu(-gamma), for the incoming neutrino flux, assuming spectral indexes gamma = 1.0, 2.0, 2.5. Finally, the neutrino energy was constrained by computing the total energy radiated in neutrinos, assuming different distances for the FRBs. Constraints on the neutrino fluence and on the energy released were derived from the associated null results.The authors acknowledge financial support from the following funding agencies: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat a l'energie atomique et aux energies alternatives (CEA), Commission Europeenne (FEDER fund and Marie Curie Program), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), IdEx program and UnivEarthS Labex program at Sorbonne Paris Cite (ANR-10-LABX-0023 and ANR-11-IDEX-0005-02), Labex OCEVU (ANR-11-LABX-0060) and the A*MIDEX project (ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02), Region Ile-de-France (DIM-ACAV), Region Alsace (contrat CPER), Region Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur, Departement du Var and Ville de La Seyne-sur-Mer, France; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Germany; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Italy; Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM), Nederlandse organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), the Netherlands; Council of the President of the Russian Federation for young scientists and leading scientific schools supporting grants, Russia; National Authority for Scientific Research (ANCS), Romania; Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO): Plan Estatal de Investigacion (refs. FPA2015-65150-C3-1-P, -2-P and -3-P, (MINECO/FEDER)), Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence and MultiDark Consolider (MINECO), and Prometeo and Grisolia programs (Generalitat Valenciana), Spain; Ministry of Higher Education, Scientific Research and Professional Training, Morocco. We also acknowledge technical support from Ifremer, AIM and Foselev Marine for the sea operation and CC-IN2P3 for the computing facilities.Albert, A.; Andre, M.; Anghinolfi, M.; Anton, G.; Ardid Ramírez, M.; Aubert, J.; Aublin, J.... (2019). The search for high-energy neutrinos coincident with fast radio bursts with the ANTARES neutrino telescope. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 482(1):184-193. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty2621S1841934821Aartsen, M. G., Abbasi, R., Abdou, Y., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., … Bai, X. (2013). First Observation of PeV-Energy Neutrinos with IceCube. Physical Review Letters, 111(2). doi:10.1103/physrevlett.111.021103Aartsen, M. G., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., … Arlen, T. C. (2015). Atmospheric and astrophysical neutrinos above 1 TeV interacting in IceCube. Physical Review D, 91(2). doi:10.1103/physrevd.91.022001Aartsen, M. G., Abraham, K., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., … Archinger, M. (2015). A COMBINED MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD ANALYSIS OF THE HIGH-ENERGY ASTROPHYSICAL NEUTRINO FLUX MEASURED WITH ICECUBE. The Astrophysical Journal, 809(1), 98. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/809/1/98Aartsen, M. G., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., … Arlen, T. C. (2015). SEARCH FOR PROMPT NEUTRINO EMISSION FROM GAMMA-RAY BURSTS WITH ICECUBE. The Astrophysical Journal, 805(1), L5. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/805/1/l5Aartsen, M. G., Abraham, K., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., … Anderson, T. (2016). OBSERVATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A COSMIC MUON NEUTRINO FLUX FROM THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE USING SIX YEARS OF ICECUBE DATA. The Astrophysical Journal, 833(1), 3. doi:10.3847/0004-637x/833/1/3Aartsen, M. G., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., … Anderson, T. (2018). A Search for Neutrino Emission from Fast Radio Bursts with Six Years of IceCube Data. The Astrophysical Journal, 857(2), 117. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aab4f8Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adams, C., … Adya, V. B. (2017). GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral. Physical Review Letters, 119(16). doi:10.1103/physrevlett.119.161101Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adams, C., … Adya, V. B. (2017). Gravitational Waves and Gamma-Rays from a Binary Neutron Star Merger: GW170817 and GRB 170817A. The Astrophysical Journal, 848(2), L13. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aa920cAdrián-Martínez, S., Al Samarai, I., Albert, A., André, M., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., … Aubert, J.-J. (2012). SEARCH FOR COSMIC NEUTRINO POINT SOURCES WITH FOUR YEARS OF DATA FROM THE ANTARES TELESCOPE. The Astrophysical Journal, 760(1), 53. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/760/1/53Adrián-Martínez, S., Ageron, M., Aharonian, F., Aiello, S., Albert, A., Ameli, F., … Anghinolfi, M. (2016). Letter of intent for KM3NeT 2.0. Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, 43(8), 084001. doi:10.1088/0954-3899/43/8/084001Ageron, M., Aguilar, J. A., Al Samarai, I., Albert, A., Ameli, F., André, M., … Ardid, M. (2011). ANTARES: The first undersea neutrino telescope. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 656(1), 11-38. doi:10.1016/j.nima.2011.06.103Albert, A., André, M., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., Ardid, M., Aubert, J.-J., … Basa, S. (2017). All-sky search for high-energy neutrinos from gravitational wave event GW170104 with the Antares neutrino telescope. The European Physical Journal C, 77(12). doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-017-5451-zAlbert, A., André, M., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., Ardid, M., Aubert, J.-J., … Basa, S. (2017). First all-flavor neutrino pointlike source search with the ANTARES neutrino telescope. Physical Review D, 96(8). doi:10.1103/physrevd.96.082001Albert, A., André, M., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., Ardid, M., Aubert, J.-J., … Basa, S. (2017). Search for high-energy neutrinos from bright GRBs with ANTARES. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 469(1), 906-915. doi:10.1093/mnras/stx902Albert, A., André, M., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., Ardid, M., Aubert, J.-J., … Barrios-Martí, J. (2018). All-flavor Search for a Diffuse Flux of Cosmic Neutrinos with Nine Years of ANTARES Data. The Astrophysical Journal, 853(1), L7. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aaa4f6Bailes, M., Jameson, A., Flynn, C., Bateman, T., Barr, E. D., Bhandari, S., … Temby, D. (2017). The UTMOST: A Hybrid Digital Signal Processor Transforms the Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope. Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia, 34. doi:10.1017/pasa.2017.39Bannister, K. W., Shannon, R. M., Macquart, J.-P., Flynn, C., Edwards, P. G., O’Neill, M., … Clarke, N. (2017). The Detection of an Extremely Bright Fast Radio Burst in a Phased Array Feed Survey. The Astrophysical Journal, 841(1), L12. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aa71ffBhandari, S., Keane, E. F., Barr, E. D., Jameson, A., Petroff, E., Johnston, S., … Burke-Spolaor, S. (2017). The SUrvey for Pulsars and Extragalactic Radio Bursts – II. New FRB discoveries and their follow-up. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 475(2), 1427-1446. doi:10.1093/mnras/stx3074Biehl, D., Heinze, J., & Winter, W. (2018). Expected neutrino fluence from short Gamma-Ray Burst 170817A and off-axis angle constraints. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 476(1), 1191-1197. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty285Caleb, M., Flynn, C., Bailes, M., Barr, E. D., Bateman, T., Bhandari, S., … Krishnan, V. V. (2016). Fast Radio Transient searches with UTMOST at 843 MHz. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 458(1), 718-725. doi:10.1093/mnras/stw109Caleb, M., Flynn, C., Bailes, M., Barr, E. D., Bateman, T., Bhandari, S., … Venkatraman Krishnan, V. (2017). The first interferometric detections of fast radio bursts. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 468(3), 3746-3756. doi:10.1093/mnras/stx638Cao, X.-F., & Yu, Y.-W. (2018). Superconducting cosmic string loops as sources for fast radio bursts. Physical Review D, 97(2). doi:10.1103/physrevd.97.023022Champion, D. J., Petroff, E., Kramer, M., Keith, M. J., Bailes, M., Barr, E. D., … Lyne, A. G. (2016). Five new fast radio bursts from the HTRU high-latitude survey at Parkes: first evidence for two-component bursts. 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R., Bailes, M., McLaughlin, M. A., Narkevic, D. J., & Crawford, F. (2007). A Bright Millisecond Radio Burst of Extragalactic Origin. Science, 318(5851), 777-780. doi:10.1126/science.1147532Lyubarsky, Y. (2014). A model for fast extragalactic radio bursts. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, 442(1), L9-L13. doi:10.1093/mnrasl/slu046Marcote, B., Paragi, Z., Hessels, J. W. T., Keimpema, A., Langevelde, H. J. van, Huang, Y., … Wharton, R. S. (2017). The Repeating Fast Radio Burst FRB 121102 as Seen on Milliarcsecond Angular Scales. The Astrophysical Journal, 834(2), L8. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/834/2/l8Murase, K., & Nagataki, S. (2006). High energy neutrino emission and neutrino background from gamma-ray bursts in the internal shock model. Physical Review D, 73(6). doi:10.1103/physrevd.73.063002Murase, K., Kashiyama, K., & Mészáros, P. (2016). 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Time-dependent search for neutrino emission from X-ray binaries with the ANTARES telescope

[EN] ANTARES is currently the largest neutrino telescope operating in the Northern Hemisphere, aiming at the detection of high-energy neutrinos from astrophysical sources. Neutrino telescopes constantly monitor at least one complete hemisphere of the sky, and are thus well-suited to detect neutrinos produced in transient astrophysical sources. A time-dependent search has been applied to a list of 33 X-ray binaries undergoing high flaring activities in satellite data (RXTE/ASM, MAXI and Swift/BAT) and during hardness transi-tion states in the 2008 2012 period. The background originating from interactions of charged cosmic rays in the Earth s atmosphere is drastically reduced by requiring a directional and temporal coincidence with astrophysical phenomena. The results of this search are presented together with comparisons between the neutrino flux upper limits and the neutrino flux predictions from astrophysical models. The neutrino flux upper limits resulting from this search limit the jet parameter space for some astrophysical models.The authors acknowledge the financial support of the funding agencies: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat a l'energie atomique et aux energies alternatives (CEA), Commission Europeenne (FEDER fund and Marie Curie Program), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), IdEx program and UnivEarthS Labex program at Sorbonne Paris Cite (ANR-10-LABX-0023 and ANR-11-IDEX-0005-02), Labex OCEVU (ANR-11-LABX-0060) and the A* MIDEX project (ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02), Region Ile-de-France (DIM-ACAV), Region Alsace (contrat CPER), Region Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur, Departement du Var and Ville de La Seyne-sur-Mer, France; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Germany; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Italy; Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM), Nederlandse organisatie voor Weten-schappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), the Netherlands; Council of the President of the Russian Federation for young scientists and leading scientific schools supporting grants, Russia; National Authority for Scientific Research (ANCS), Romania; Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO): Plan Estatal de Investigacion (refs. 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