ACTIVITY ANTI-C. TROPICALIS AND EFFECTS OF THE COMBINATION OF (S)-(-)-CITRONELLAL WITH FOUR ANTIFUNGAL APPLIED IN VULVOVAGINAL CANDIDIASIS

Objective: Assess the antifungal potential of the enantiomer (S)-(-)-citronellal [(S)-(-)-CT] isolated and associated to amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole and miconazole against C. tropicalis from vulvovaginal secretions.Methods: The enantiomer was solubilized in Tween 80 and DMSO. Posteriorly diluted in sterile distilled water up to the concentration of 2048 µg/ml. The MIC of the product was determined by microdilution in RPMI-1640 obtaining dilutions of 1024-4 µg/ml. The MFC was determined by the SDA depletion technique from aliquots of 1 µl of the MIC, MIC × 2 and MIC × 4.Results: The antifungal susceptibility testing and the interfering effects of the association of the enantiomer with the standard drugs were determined by disk-diffusion in SDA. The MIC of (S)-(-)-CT was 64 µg/ml and the MFC 128 µg/ml. A high resistance of the strands C. tropicalis to amphotericin B, itraconazole and miconazole were observed. The combination test of the enantiomer with the amphotericin B, as well as with the itraconazole resulted in synergism 2 (66.6%) of the yeasts and in association with the fluconazole 1 (33.3%) and miconazole 3 (100%) of synergic effect.Conclusion: The (S)-(-)-CT alone is fungicide for the 3 fungal strains and in association with the four antifungals increased the inhibition zones, increasing the sensitivity

Antifungal Activity of Essential Oils against Candida albicans

Objective. The objective of this study was to analyze the antifungal activity of citral, selected by screening natural products, against Candida albicans isolates from subjects who use dental prostheses. Methodology. Screening of essential oils, including those from Mentha piperita L. (Briq), Origanum vulgare, and Zingiber officinale L., and the phytoconstituents citral and limonene, to select an appropriate natural product. Citral, which mediated the best antifungal response, was selected for biological assays. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFCs) for citral and nystatin were determined by the microdilution method. Micromorphological analyses, time-kill curve, and modulation tests were performed. Results. The MIC and MFC of citral were established as 32 μg/mL, consistent with fungicidal activity. The clinical strains were resistant to nystatin. Citral caused micromorphological alteration in the strains. In the time-kill curve, the growth of the clinical strain was reduction in growth equal to 3 log10 colony-forming units per milliliter after exposure to the MIC and MIC×2 of citral for 2 h. Citral did not modulate the resistance of the studied strains to nystatin. Conclusion. This study revealed the potential of citral as a fungicidal agent and highlighted the resistance of clinical strains of C. albicans to nystatin

Perfil de conhecimento das mulheres quilombolas sobre o câncer de colo de útero no povoado Santana dos pretos / Knowledge profile of quilombola women about uterine cervical cancer in the village of Santana dos pretos

INTRODUÇÃO: O câncer de colo uterino (CCU) se destaca como uma das mais graves ameaças à vida das mulheres. As comunidades quilombolas vivenciam situações de extrema vulnerabilidade social, consequência das iniquidades nos fatores sociais, econômicos, políticos e de saúde, que irão refletir nos indicadores de saúde, desencadeando desigualdades raciais/de cor na utilização de serviços preventivos. OBJETIVO: Investigar o conhecimento das mulheres negras e quilombolas acerca do câncer de colo de útero (CCU) e formas de prevenção. MÉTODO: Estudo descritivo transversal, desenvolvido na comunidade Quilombola Santana dos Pretos, situa do      em Pinheiro, interior do estado do Maranhão. Participaram da pesquisa 80 mulheres, que se encaixaram nos critérios de inclusão estabelecidos. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizado questionário semi estruturado para levantamento de características sociodemográficas e relativas aos fatores de exposição ao CCU, e para avaliação do conhecimento um segundo instrumento com alternativas “verdadeiras ou falsas” foi aplicado. Os dados foram tabulados pelo programa Excel e analisados pelo Software Stata, versão 16. RESULTADOS: a maior parte das mulheres       continha 40-49 anos (22,5%), era casada (53,7%), parda (60%), com ensino fundamental completo (18,7%), trabalho relacionado a agricultura e pesca (51,2%), renda de até um salário mínimo (82,5%) e católicas (41,2%). As variáveis “último exame Papanicolau”, “recebimento de preventivo” e “número de gravidezes” associaram-se positivamente a realização do exame. O conhecimento foi considerado adequado em mais de 50% da amostra. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: Conclui- se que as mulheres quilombolas do povoado possuem conhecimento adequado em relação ao exame colpocitológico e os meios de prevenção contra o CCU

K0S and Λ production in Pb-Pb collisions at sNN−−−−√=2.76 TeV

The ALICE measurement of K0S and Λ production at midrapidity in Pb-Pb collisions at sNN−−−√=2.76  TeV is presented. The transverse momentum (pT) spectra are shown for several collision centrality intervals and in the pT range from 0.4  GeV/c (0.6  GeV/c for Λ) to 12  GeV/c. The pT dependence of the Λ/K0S ratios exhibits maxima in the vicinity of 3  GeV/c, and the positions of the maxima shift towards higher pT with increasing collision centrality. The magnitude of these maxima increases by almost a factor of three between most peripheral and most central Pb-Pb collisions. This baryon excess at intermediate pT is not observed in pp interactions at s√=0.9  TeV and at s√=7  TeV. Qualitatively, the baryon enhancement in heavy-ion collisions is expected from radial flow. However, the measured pT spectra above 2  GeV/c progressively decouple from hydrodynamical-model calculations. For higher values of pT, models that incorporate the influence of the medium on the fragmentation and hadronization processes describe qualitatively the pT dependence of the Λ/K0S ratio

Production of He-4 and (4) in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S=2.76 TeV at the LHC

Results on the production of He-4 and (4) nuclei in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S = 2.76 TeV in the rapidity range vertical bar y vertical bar <1, using the ALICE detector, are presented in this paper. The rapidity densities corresponding to 0-10% central events are found to be dN/dy4(He) = (0.8 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.3 (syst)) x 10(-6) and dN/dy4 = (1.1 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.2 (syst)) x 10(-6), respectively. This is in agreement with the statistical thermal model expectation assuming the same chemical freeze-out temperature (T-chem = 156 MeV) as for light hadrons. The measured ratio of (4)/He-4 is 1.4 +/- 0.8 (stat) +/- 0.5 (syst). (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

Measurement of D-s(+) product ion and nuclear modification factor in Pb-Pb collisions at root S-NN=2.76 TeV

Peer reviewe

Azimuthal anisotropy of charged jet production in root s(NN)=2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions

We present measurements of the azimuthal dependence of charged jet production in central and semi-central root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions with respect to the second harmonic event plane, quantified as nu(ch)(2) (jet). Jet finding is performed employing the anti-k(T) algorithm with a resolution parameter R = 0.2 using charged tracks from the ALICE tracking system. The contribution of the azimuthal anisotropy of the underlying event is taken into account event-by-event. The remaining (statistical) region-to-region fluctuations are removed on an ensemble basis by unfolding the jet spectra for different event plane orientations independently. Significant non-zero nu(ch)(2) (jet) is observed in semi-central collisions (30-50% centrality) for 20 <p(T)(ch) (jet) <90 GeV/c. The azimuthal dependence of the charged jet production is similar to the dependence observed for jets comprising both charged and neutral fragments, and compatible with measurements of the nu(2) of single charged particles at high p(T). Good agreement between the data and predictions from JEWEL, an event generator simulating parton shower evolution in the presence of a dense QCD medium, is found in semi-central collisions. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Peer reviewe

Measurement of transverse energy at midrapidity in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76 TeV

We report the transverse energy (ET) measured with ALICE at midrapidity in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV as a function of centrality. The transverse energy was measured using identified single-particle tracks. The measurement was cross checked using the electromagnetic calorimeters and the transverse momentum distributions of identified particles previously reported by ALICE. The results are compared to theoretical models as well as to results from other experiments. The mean ET per unit pseudorapidity (eta), , in 0%-5% central collisions is 1737 +/- 6(stat.) +/- 97(sys.) GeV. We find a similar centrality dependence of the shape of as a function of the number of participating nucleons to that seen at lower energies. The growth in at the LHC energies exceeds extrapolations of low-energy data. We observe a nearly linear scaling of with the number of quark participants. With the canonical assumption of a 1 fm/c formation time, we estimate that the energy density in 0%-5% central Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV is 12.3 +/- 1.0 GeV/fm(3) and that the energy density at the most central 80 fm(2) of the collision is at least 21.5 +/- 1.7 GeV/fm(3). This is roughly 2.3 times that observed in 0%-5% central Au-Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV.Peer reviewe