Implementasi Zigbee Transceiver Untuk Akuisisi Data Sensor Inersia Pada Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN)

Laju pertambahan  jumlah penduduk yang membutuhkan layanan kesehatan di Indonesia tidak berbanding lurus dengan penambahan jumlah fasilitas kesehatan yang ada. Salah satu solusi alternatif yang dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut adalah dengan mengembangkan teknologi  Wireless Body Area Network  (WBAN)  sebagai alat bantu layanan  kesehatan.  WBAN  adalah suatu sistem terpadu yang  terdiri atas sekelompok modul sensor yang terdistribusi dan terhubung secara nirkabel pada suatu topologi jaringan  tertentu dan berfungsi untuk mengekstrak dan berbagi informasi untuk diolah sesuai bidang aplikasinya.  Salah satu aplikasi WBAN adalah untuk  analisis gait atau metode untuk mempelajari pola berjalan manusia.  Untuk melakukan proses  analisis gait secara optimal dibutuhkan instrumen sensor  inersia  yang terpasang pada tubuh pasien yang merekam data gait dari pasien. Data dari pasien lalu dikirimkan melalui protokol komunikasi nirkabel ZigBee ke  network  coordinator  yang  berfungsi sebagai pengumpul data.  Jaringan  memiliki  topologi dalam bentuk  star dengan data rate  dari sensor  sebesar  50 Hz.  Data dari  network coordinator  kemudian dibaca pada  PC yang  telah dilengkapi perangkat lunak pengolah data untuk diolah  lebih lanjut.  Sistem diuji pada ruangan koridor sejauh 4 meter dengan nilai RSSI atau kuat sinyal bernilai paling kecil sebesar -64 dBm. Dalam hal konsumsi daya, sensor node dapat digunakan secara berkelanjutan dalam jangka waktu 2 jam 25 meni

Development of Digital Resistivity Meter

A digital resistivity meter was designed and constructed using microcontroller (PIC16F877A) and other carefully selected components. The meter was developed, using the state of the art technology, to measure the earth’s electrical resistivity through application of direct current electrical resistivity method. It was designed as a system with various subunits implemented as modules, to help greatly in trouble shooting the system in case of system failure. This meter injected currents of 0.1mA, 1mA and 10mA and two, 6V batteries connected in series powered it. Its capability of accepting analog input and displaying digital output gives it advantage of minimizing errors associated with output display. Microcontroller operated using a configuration of hardware components and functional software written and burnt into the microcontroller’s memory. The meter was tested with a specially designed test unit and the generated results were compared with the calculated values, the two agreed. Keywords: Electrical resistivity, microcontroller, analog, digita

Ekstraksi dan Penentuan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Ubi Jalar Ungu (Ipomoea batatas L.)

Antosianin merupakan pigmen pewarna alami yang berwarna dan dapat berperan sebagai antioksidan. Senyawa ini dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu bahan tambahan makanan sebagai pewarna. Selain peranannya sebagai zat warna, antosianin juga dapat berperan sebagai senyawa antioksidan, sehingga ketika ditambahkan pada makanan akan menghasilkan suatu pangan fungsional. Salah satu bahan yang kaya akan antosianin adalah ubi jalar ungu (Ipomoea batatas L.). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengekstraski antosianin dari ubi jalar ungu. Metode yang dilakukan meliputi preparasi antosianin melalui maserasi dengan etanol, pemekatan dengan teknik evaporasi vakum ekstrak ubi ungu, karakterisasi spektrum sinar tampak serta penentuan residu etanol pada ekstrak. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa dari 500 g ubi jalar ungu segar yang diekstraksi dengan 1 L etanol diperoleh 8 g pasta ekstrak ubi jalar ungu. Karakterisasi dengan spektrofotometri pada pajang gelombang sinar tampak menghasilkan spektrum yang sama dengan spektrum yang telah dipublikasikan sebelumnya. Ekstrak yang diperoleh memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang cukup tinggi dengan nilai konsentrasi inhibisi 50 (IC50) sebesar 41,1±7,3 ppm. Karena tujuan ekstraksi ini adalah untuk aplikasi pada bidang pangan, residu etanol yang terdapat pada ekstrak ditentukan dengan metode enzimatik menggunakan alkohol dehidrogenase dan diperoleh residu etanol sebanyak 0,122 ±0,033% v/v

Performance of the CMS Cathode Strip Chambers with Cosmic Rays

The Cathode Strip Chambers (CSCs) constitute the primary muon tracking device in the CMS endcaps. Their performance has been evaluated using data taken during a cosmic ray run in fall 2008. Measured noise levels are low, with the number of noisy channels well below 1%. Coordinate resolution was measured for all types of chambers, and fall in the range 47 microns to 243 microns. The efficiencies for local charged track triggers, for hit and for segments reconstruction were measured, and are above 99%. The timing resolution per layer is approximately 5 ns

Performance and Operation of the CMS Electromagnetic Calorimeter

The operation and general performance of the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter using cosmic-ray muons are described. These muons were recorded after the closure of the CMS detector in late 2008. The calorimeter is made of lead tungstate crystals and the overall status of the 75848 channels corresponding to the barrel and endcap detectors is reported. The stability of crucial operational parameters, such as high voltage, temperature and electronic noise, is summarised and the performance of the light monitoring system is presented

Calibration of the CMS Drift Tube Chambers and Measurement of the Drift Velocity with Cosmic Rays

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Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

Background Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide.Methods A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study-a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital.Findings Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.85 [95% CI 2.58-5.75]; p<0.0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63.0% vs 82.7%; OR 0.35 [0.23-0.53]; p<0.0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer.Interpretation Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised

Aligning the CMS Muon Chambers with the Muon Alignment System during an Extended Cosmic Ray Run

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CMS Data Processing Workflows during an Extended Cosmic Ray Run

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