Introduction: Inclusive Design Pedagogies and Practices

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Post-treatment Apical Periodontitis in Primary Non-surgical Root Canal Treatment: A Multiple Correspondence Analysis

Introduction: The presented study aimed to characterise periapical disease in teeth with primary non-surgical root canal treatment in persistent or emergent categories and their risk association. Methods: A retrospective observational study that evaluated permanent teeth with primary non-surgical root canal treatment, was conducted clinically and radiographically for over one year. The following variables were analysed: gender, age, type and location of tooth, previous diagnosis, treatment conditions, and type of coronal restoration. The supplementary variables included the perspectives of the treatment outcome, such as Remains normal, Improvement, and Failure. Statistical analysis was performed using a univariate analysis that estimated the average and proportion for each factor according to the result of the primary non-surgical root canal treatment. The multiple correspondence analysis identified the hierarchy between active variables and their association with the results. Results: A total of 232 teeth in 155 participants were analysed. A χ2 value, (P=0.023) showed that the emergent disease is associated with patients around the age of 50. The multiple correspondence analysis identified a tendency of grouping between the emergent disease and the short filling category, followed by symptomatic pulpitis as a previous diagnosis. The persistent disease was associated with errors and overfillings. An inadequate root filling and taper density adversely impacted the treatment outcome. Conclusions: The length of obturation influenced the presence of failure. Short fillings were associated with emerging periapical disease. Errors and overfillings contributed to the persistent disease in the populations studied

Tendencias y estacionalidad de las búsquedas de información, realizadas a través de Google, sobre síndrome metabólico y salud laboral: estudio infodemiológico

Objective: This study aimed to analyse and relate the population interest through information search trends, on Metabolic Syndrome (MS) with the Occupational Health (OH). Method: Ecological and correlational study of the Relative Search Volume (RSV) obtained from Google Trends query, segmented into 3 searched periods concerning antiquity; date of query: September 30, 2023. Results: The lowest mean of the RSV was for the MS Topic (2.23 ± 0.87), albeit there was a positive correlation in the RSV amid MS and OH (R = 0.56; p < 0.05). Association (p < 0.05) was observed between the 3 periods under study, except for the Hypertension and Central Obesity topics, but significantly lower in the current period for the MS and OH Topics. Moderate seasonality was found in the MS topic (KPSS = 0.14; p > 0.05), and significant differences were demonstrated in the information search between developed and undeveloped countries (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Through their information searches, the whole population showed to have a dearth of knowledge of MS than of its component diseases. A relationship was found between the information searches carried out on MS and OH. The study of information search trends may provide useful information on the population’s interest in the disease data, as well as would gradually allow the analysis of differences in popularity, or interest even between different countries.Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar y relacionar el interés de la población, a través de tendencias de búsqueda de información, sobre el Síndrome Metabólico (MS) con la Salud Laboral (OH). Método: Estudio ecológico y correlacional del Volumen Relativo de Búsqueda (RSV) obtenido de la consulta de Google Trends, segmentado en 3 períodos buscados relacionados con la antigüedad; fecha de consulta: 30 de septiembre de 2023. Resultados: La media más baja del RSV fue para el tema MS (2,23 ± 0,87), aunque hubo una correlación positiva en el RSV entre MS y OH (R = 0,56; p < 0,05). Se observó asociación (p < 0,05) entre los 3 períodos estudiados, excepto para los temas Hipertensión y Obesidad Central, pero significativamente menor en el período actual para los Temas MS y OH. Se encontró una estacionalidad moderada en el tema MS (KPSS = 0,14; p > 0,05), y se demostraron diferencias significativas en la búsqueda de información entre países desarrollados y no desarrollados (p > 0,05). Conclusiones: A través de sus búsquedas de información, toda la población demostró tener un menor conocimiento sobre la MS que sobre las enfermedades que la componen. Se encontró relación entre las búsquedas de información realizadas sobre MS y OH. El estudio de las tendencias de búsqueda de información puede proporcionar información útil sobre el interés de la población por los datos de enfermedades, así como permitiría gradualmente analizar diferencias en popularidad, o interés incluso entre distintos países

Tendencias y estacionalidad de las búsquedas de información, realizadas a través de Google, sobre síndrome metabólico y salud laboral: estudio infodemiológico

[EN] Objective: This study aimed to analyse and relate the population interest through information search trends, on Metabolic Syndrome (MS) with the Occupational Health (OH). Method: Ecological and correlational study of the Relative Search Volume (RSV) obtained from Google Trends query, segmented into 3 searched periods concerning antiquity; date of query: September 30, 2023. Results: The lowest mean of the RSV was for the MS Topic (2.23 ± 0.87), albeit there was a positive correlation in the RSV amid MS and OH (R = 0.56; p 0.05), and significant differences were demonstrated in the information search between developed and undeveloped countries (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Through their information searches, the whole population showed to have a dearth of knowledge of MS than of its component diseases. A relationship was found between the information searches carried out on MS and OH. The study of information search trends may provide useful information on the population’s interest in the disease data, as well as would gradually allow the analysis of differences in popularity, or interest even between different countries. [ES] Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar y relacionar el interés de la población, a través de tendencias de búsqueda de información, sobre el Síndrome Metabólico (MS) con la Salud Laboral (OH). Método: Estudio ecológico y correlacional del Volumen Relativo de Búsqueda (RSV) obtenido de la consulta de Google Trends, segmentado en 3 períodos buscados relacionados con la antigüedad; fecha de consulta: 30 de septiembre de 2023. Resultados: La media más baja del RSV fue para el tema MS (2,23 ± 0,87), aunque hubo una correlación positiva en el RSV entre MS y OH (R = 0,56; p 0,05), y se demostraron diferencias significativas en la búsqueda de información entre países desarrollados y no desarrollados (p > 0,05). Conclusiones: A través de sus búsquedas de información, toda la población demostró tener un menor conocimiento sobre la MS que sobre las enfermedades que la componen. Se encontró relación entre las búsquedas de información realizadas sobre MS y OH. El estudio de las tendencias de búsqueda de información puede proporcionar información útil sobre el interés de la población por los datos de enfermedades, así como permitiría gradualmente analizar diferencias en popularidad, o interés incluso entre distintos países.S

Antibacterial Effect of Silver Nanoparticles Versus Chlorhexidine Against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus casei

The porpoise of the study was to evaluate the antibacterial effect of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) versus chlorhexidine (CHX) against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus casei. Three different reducing agents were used for the synthesis and characterization of Ag-NPs: sodium borohydride (NaBH4), a chemical method, and Heterotheca inuloides (Hi) and Camellia sinensis (Cs), two eco-friendly methods. The synthesized substance was deposited on deciduous teeth. Its behavior in dental tissues was evaluated through an energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis, using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The characterization of Ag-NPs in terms of shape, size, and polydispersity was performed through spectrophotometry of ultraviolet-visible light analysis (UV-vis), as well as by transmission electron microscopy. Isolation and culture of strains S. mutans and L. casei were done to perform the microbiological analysis

SSITA: Seal Serving Institutional Transformation Assessment: Excelencia in Education & Portland State University

In the Spring of 2022, Portland State University was invited to participate in Excelencia in Education’s pilot Seal Serving Institutional Transformation Assessment or SSITA. This SSITA report is a preliminary institutional assessment of Portland State University’s (PSU) efforts to intentionally serve Latiné students and advance degree completion. Between now and June 2023, a committee of faculty, staff, and students will lead the effort to complete a Seal of Excelencia application. We will reach out to all parts of the institution to gather additional information, data, and stories about how units serve our growing Latiné student population. The next round of Seal of Excelencia recipients are announced in the early fall of 2023

Análisis de proyectos bajo el esquema de asociación pública privada (app), desde la perspectiva del inversionista: Modelación financiera y análisis de riesgo para participar en la concesión de la marina turística de paracas

Se desarrolla en base al análisis de proyectos bajo el esquema de asociación público privada desde la perspectiva del inversionista. Las asociaciones publico privadas (APP) está enmarcada en el Decreto Legislativo Nº 1012 y en general es un concepto que representa el trabajo en cooperación y asociación de los sectores público y privado para ofrecer infraestructura y servicios. El análisis de proyectos consta en la elaboración de la modelación financiera y análisis de riesgo para participar en la concesión de la Marina Turística de Paracas y su objetivo principal es demostrar su viabilidad con una rentabilidad mínima requerida. El plazo de concesión es por 20 años, conforme a los términos y condiciones previstas en el contrato y la otorga el Estado Peruano al sector Privado donde supone la transferencia de la titularidad de la infraestructura que forma parte de la Marina Turística de Paracas. La Concesión busca brindar un adecuado servicio de embarque y desembarque de turistas que visitan las Islas Ballestas u otros destinos que se encuentren en el ámbito de influencia de la Bahía de Paracas, así como el servicio de atraque de embarcaciones y de las inversiones adicionales conforme a lo establecido en el contrato de concesión. Un aspecto que favorece el turismo en Paracas, principal centro turístico de la región Ica, es el adecuado acceso que tiene a través de la panamericana sur, la cual la conecta con Lima en un tiempo promedio de 3 horas. Además se identifica como un corredor complementario al circuito turístico tradicional del sur y se denota como un centro de conexiones hacia las regiones de Ayacucho y Arequipa. En la proyección de ingresos se estima una tasa de crecimiento de largo plazo de 4.5%, en un escenario moderado, la misma que corresponde al promedio de variación porcentual anual de visitas a la Reserva Nacional de Paracas correspondiente a los años Pre Sismo del 2002 al 2006 y que se mantiene como referencia hasta el año 15 donde alcanza 300 mil visitantes, tope máximo que regula el SERNANP para preservar el hábitat de la fauna de las Islas Ballestas. Mediante la modelación financiera realizada se ha determinado en un escenario moderado que el porcentaje con el cual se ofertara en la concesión es del 23.47% de los ingresos anuales, este factor da como resultado un Valor Actual Neto igual a Cero y una rentabilidad mínima para el inversionista de 11.83%. La presente Tesis cuenta con cuatro capítulos bien definidos a continuación: Marco General, Aspectos legales, Modelación financiera, y Análisis de riesgos. En el Primer capítulo, se ha investigado a través del análisis bibliográfico y documental lo relacionado al turismo en las islas ballestas, a su limitada infraestructura y a sus inadecuadas prácticas de gestión en la prestación de servicios. En el Segundo Capitulo, se evaluó el Marco Legal del contrato, el cual menciona la necesidad de un inversionista privado y éste a su vez evalué la rentabilidad que enmarca el análisis de evaluación de proyectos en el marco de una asociación público privada. En el Tercer capítulo, se muestra el trabajo realizado en la investigación del proyecto, para lo cual se ha analizado la demanda y la oferta, la inversión, los ingresos y costos, el flujo de caja libre, el Valor presente neto, el costo de capital mínimo requerido y el análisis de sensibilidad. En el Cuarto capítulo, se presenta los riesgos a los cuales está expuesto el proyecto, se identifica, mide, asigna y mitiga los riesgos potencialesTesi

Targeting CXCR4 (CXC Chemokine Receptor Type 4) for Molecular Imaging of Aldosterone-Producing Adenoma

Primary aldosteronism is the most frequent cause of secondary hypertension and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality compared with hypertensive controls. The central diagnostic challenge is the differentiation between bilateral and unilateral disease, which determines treatment options. Bilateral adrenal venous sampling, currently recommended for differential diagnosis, is an invasive procedure with several drawbacks, making it desirable to develop novel noninvasive diagnostic tools. When investigating the expression pattern of chemokine receptors by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry, we observed high expression of CXCR4 (CXC chemokine receptor type 4) in aldosterone-producing tissue in normal adrenals, adjacent adrenal cortex from adrenocortical adenomas, and in aldosterone-producing adenomas (APA), correlating strongly with the expression of CYP11B2 (aldosterone synthase). In contrast, CXCR4 was not detected in the majority of nonfunctioning adenomas that are frequently found coincidently. The specific CXCR4 ligand 68Ga-pentixafor has recently been established as radiotracer for molecular imaging of CXCR4 expression and showed strong and specific binding to cryosections of APAs in our study. We further investigated 9 patients with primary aldosteronism because of APA by 68Ga-pentixafor-positron emission tomography. The tracer uptake was significantly higher on the side of increased adrenocortical aldosterone secretion in patients with APAs compared with patients investigated by 68Ga-pentixafor-positron emission tomography for other causes. Molecular imaging of aldosterone-producing tissue by a CXCR4-specific ligand may, therefore, be a highly promising tool for noninvasive characterization of patients with APAs

Molecular characterization of imported and autochthonous dengue in northeastern spain

Dengue is the most significant arbovirus worldwide and a public health threat to nonendemic areas in which Aedes vectors are present. Autochthonous dengue transmission has been reported in several European countries in the last decade. Infected travelers from endemic regions arriving to areas colonized by Aedes albopictus in Europe need to be monitored in surveillance and control programs. We aimed to perform molecular characterization of RT-PCR-positive dengue cases detected in Catalonia, northeastern Spain, from 2013 to 2018. The basic demographic information and the geographical regions of importation were also analyzed. One-hundred four dengue cases were studied (103 imported infections and the first autochthonous case in our region). The dengue virus strains detected were serotyped and genotyped using molecular methods, and phylogenetic analyses were conducted. All four dengue serotypes were detected in travelers, including up to 10 different genotypes, reflecting the global circulation of dengue in endemic areas. The primary travel-related case of the 2018 autochthonous transmission was not identified, but the molecular analysis revealed dengue serotype 1, genotype I of Asian origin. Our results highlight the diversity of imported dengue virus strains and the role of molecular epidemiology in supporting arbovirus surveillance programs

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London