Construindo Culturas de Inclusão nas Aulas de Educação Física numa Perspectiva Humanista

O presente ensaio tem como objetivo discutir e defender a necessidade de se construir culturas deinclusão nas aulas de Educação Física que se baseiem numa perspectiva humanista de Educação. Partimosde três idéias centrais: a cultura traduz um sistema de códigos e valores construídos pelos sujeitos quecompartilham dos mesmos espaços de convivência. A inclusão em educação envolve princípios democráticosde participação social plena de todas as pessoas em todas as áreas da vida humana e vai além da simplesaceitação e inserção de deficientes no sistema educacional regular. Os princípios que embasam a perspectivahumanista de educação podem apoiar e orientar uma práxis voltada para a construção de valores inclusivos,tendo em vista que se apóiam na valorização da pessoa em sua individualidade e exclusividade. Sendoassim, é preciso criar culturas de inclusão que favoreçam o acolhimento do outro não pelo que ele produz oupelas formas que ele exibe, mas pelo que ele é, independentemente de suas diferenças. É papel da EducaçãoFísica Escolar contribuir para a construção destas culturas de inclusão numa práxis voltada e orientada para aressignificação do olhar sobre a diversidade

Odontogenic tumors : a retrospective study of four Brazilian diagnostic pathology centers

Objective: This article presents the results of a retrospective study of the frequency and classification of odontogenic tumors recorded at four centers of diagnostic pathology in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Study Design: All medical records and microscopic slides of odontogenic tumor specimens for the years 1997 to 2007 were retrieved from the files of four services of diagnostic pathology in Rio de Janeiro City. Diagnoses were re-evaluated and the tumors classified according to the latest (2005) World Health Organization Classification of Tumors. Results: A total of 201 odontogenic tumors were found among 15,758 oral biopsies (1.3%). The frequencies of these tumors at the four centers ranged from 0.5% at the National Cancer Institute to 3.3% in a private laboratory. Chi-square analysis revealed statistically significant differences (p<0.05) between the proportions of odontogenic tumors in the studied centers. Of these, 94.5% were benign and 5.5% were malignant. Keratocystic odontogenic tumor (32.3%) was the most frequent lesion, followed by ameloblastoma (29.8%) and odontoma (18.4%). Conclusions: Odontogenic tumors are uncommon in Brazil. Different pathology laboratories reported divergent frequencies of odontogenic tumors, which may reflect institutional specializations and the patient populations served

Jogos pedagógicos produzidos digitalmente para aprimorar a comunicação e a integração de crianças vulneráveis

A aquisição da língua materna e de línguas adicionais é extremamente relevante na formação geral do indivíduo, devido à indissociabilidade entre língua, cultura e sociedade. A inclusão de atividades lúdicas e jogos durante esse processo, facilita a aprendizagem, pois permite a correlação entre o abstrato e o concreto. Assim, jogos pedagógicos português-espanhol, fabricados digitalmente, foram produzidos e utilizados para auxiliar no processo de socialização e comunicação entre crianças venezuelanas e brasileiras acolhidas pela Aldeia Infantil SOS de Porto Alegre. Os jogos foram produzidos por manufatura subtrativa com corte a laser de placas de MDF (Medium Density Fiberboard) e decorados por gravação a laser de palavras e aplicação de adesivos coloridos. As placas de MDF foram escolhidas para a produção dos artefatos utilizados no presente trabalho por serem resistentes, de fácil aquisição, de baixo custo e por serem adequadas ao corte e a à gravação a laser. Formulários de coleta de opinião, encontros lúdicos com as crianças e diálogo com as responsáveis das casas-lares foram organizados para avaliação e acompanhamento do projeto. Sem revelar a motivação, as famílias venezuelanas optaram por não participar das atividades propostas nessa primeira etapa. Entre as crianças brasileiras, foi possível perceber interesse em relação aos jogos e melhora evidente nas suas habilidades de comunicação e socialização. Após um ano de uso, a durabilidade dos materiais foi considerada satisfatória. Alicerçados na ideia de compartilhamento do conhecimento, um dos pilares do movimento Maker, o portfólio de jogos elaborados (arquivos) e os protocolos (cookbooks) sobre como fabricá-los estão disponíveis, em meio digital, para que interessados de qualquer localidade possam fabricar e construir os jogos desenvolvidos durante o projeto. Palavras-chave: Aquisição da Linguagem; Ludicidade; Corte a Laser Digitally fabricated pedagogical games to improve communication and integration among vulnerable children Abstract: The acquisition of the native and additional languages is extremely relevant during individual development considering dialogical relationships involving language, culture, and society. The association of playful activities and educational games are often reported to help the improvement of the learning process. Thus, Portuguese-Spanish pedagogical games were produced and used as a supportive tool employed to contribute to socialization and communication progression among Venezuelan and Brazilian children sheltered by Aldeia Infantil SOS in Porto Alegre, Brazil. The games were digitally manufactured with laser cutting technology. MDF (Medium Density Fiberboard) boards are strong, readily available, most affordable, and suitable for laser cutting and engraving. Therefore, this material was chosen to make the artifacts of the present work. Words were engraved using the CNC machine or by applying stickers to newly cut pieces. Project evaluation survey, playful meetings with children and reunion with guardians were organized as part of our follow-up strategy. In the first stage of our activities, Venezuelan families have decided not to be involved in our initiatives without revealing their motive. However, among the Brazilian children it was possible to observe their interest in the interactions which lead to an evident improvement in their soft skills. After one year of use, the durability of the manufactured materials was considered satisfactory. Based on the idea of sharing knowledge, one of the pillars of the Maker Movement, the complete game portfolio and “How to Make It” protocols are available, in digital media, so anyone interested from any location could be able to manufacture the educational play sets developed during the present project. Keywords: Language Acquisition; Playfulness; Laser Cutting Technolog

Effects of immunomodulatory drugs on TNF-α and IL-12 production by purified epidermal langerhans cells and peritoneal macrophages

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Langerhans cells constitute a special subset of immature dendritic cells localized in the epidermis that play a key role in the skin's immune response. The production of cytokines is a key event in both the initiation and the regulation of immune responses, and different drugs can be used to remove or modify their production by DC and, therefore, alter immune responses in a broad spectrum of diseases, mainly in human inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. In the present study, we examined the effects of prednisone, thalidomide, cyclosporine A, and amitriptyline, drugs used in a variety of clinical conditions, on the production of TNF-α, IL-10, and IL-12 by purified epidermal Langerhans cells and peritoneal macrophages in BALB/c mice.</p> <p>Findings</p> <p>All drugs inhibited TNF-α production by Langerhans cells after 36 hours of treatment at two different concentrations, while prednisone and thalidomide decreased IL-12 secretion significantly, amitriptyline caused a less pronounced reduction and cyclosporine A had no effect. Additionally, TNF-α and IL-12 production by macrophages decreased, but IL-10 levels were unchanged after all treatments.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our results demonstrate that these drugs modulate the immune response by regulating pro-inflammatory cytokine production by purified epidermal Langerhans cells and peritoneal macrophages, indicating that these cells are important targets for immunosuppression in various clinical settings.</p

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Jet energy measurement with the ATLAS detector in proton-proton collisions at root s=7 TeV

The jet energy scale and its systematic uncertainty are determined for jets measured with the ATLAS detector at the LHC in proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 7TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 38 pb-1. Jets are reconstructed with the anti-kt algorithm with distance parameters R=0. 4 or R=0. 6. Jet energy and angle corrections are determined from Monte Carlo simulations to calibrate jets with transverse momenta pT≥20 GeV and pseudorapidities {pipe}η{pipe}<4. 5. The jet energy systematic uncertainty is estimated using the single isolated hadron response measured in situ and in test-beams, exploiting the transverse momentum balance between central and forward jets in events with dijet topologies and studying systematic variations in Monte Carlo simulations. The jet energy uncertainty is less than 2. 5 % in the central calorimeter region ({pipe}η{pipe}<0. 8) for jets with 60≤pT<800 GeV, and is maximally 14 % for pT<30 GeV in the most forward region 3. 2≤{pipe}η{pipe}<4. 5. The jet energy is validated for jet transverse momenta up to 1 TeV to the level of a few percent using several in situ techniques by comparing a well-known reference such as the recoiling photon pT, the sum of the transverse momenta of tracks associated to the jet, or a system of low-pT jets recoiling against a high-pT jet. More sophisticated jet calibration schemes are presented based on calorimeter cell energy density weighting or hadronic properties of jets, aiming for an improved jet energy resolution and a reduced flavour dependence of the jet response. The systematic uncertainty of the jet energy determined from a combination of in situ techniques is consistent with the one derived from single hadron response measurements over a wide kinematic range. The nominal corrections and uncertainties are derived for isolated jets in an inclusive sample of high-pT jets. Special cases such as event topologies with close-by jets, or selections of samples with an enhanced content of jets originating from light quarks, heavy quarks or gluons are also discussed and the corresponding uncertainties are determined. © 2013 CERN for the benefit of the ATLAS collaboration

Standalone vertex finding in the ATLAS muon spectrometer

A dedicated reconstruction algorithm to find decay vertices in the ATLAS muon spectrometer is presented. The algorithm searches the region just upstream of or inside the muon spectrometer volume for multi-particle vertices that originate from the decay of particles with long decay paths. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated using both a sample of simulated Higgs boson events, in which the Higgs boson decays to long-lived neutral particles that in turn decay to bbar b final states, and pp collision data at √s = 7 TeV collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC during 2011

Measurements of Higgs boson production and couplings in diboson final states with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

Measurements are presented of production properties and couplings of the recently discovered Higgs boson using the decays into boson pairs, H →γ γ, H → Z Z∗ →4l and H →W W∗ →lνlν. The results are based on the complete pp collision data sample recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider at centre-of-mass energies of √s = 7 TeV and √s = 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 25 fb−1. Evidence for Higgs boson production through vector-boson fusion is reported. Results of combined fits probing Higgs boson couplings to fermions and bosons, as well as anomalous contributions to loop-induced production and decay modes, are presented. All measurements are consistent with expectations for the Standard Model Higgs boson

Single hadron response measurement and calorimeter jet energy scale uncertainty with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

The uncertainty on the calorimeter energy response to jets of particles is derived for the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). First, the calorimeter response to single isolated charged hadrons is measured and compared to the Monte Carlo simulation using proton-proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of sqrt(s) = 900 GeV and 7 TeV collected during 2009 and 2010. Then, using the decay of K_s and Lambda particles, the calorimeter response to specific types of particles (positively and negatively charged pions, protons, and anti-protons) is measured and compared to the Monte Carlo predictions. Finally, the jet energy scale uncertainty is determined by propagating the response uncertainty for single charged and neutral particles to jets. The response uncertainty is 2-5% for central isolated hadrons and 1-3% for the final calorimeter jet energy scale.Comment: 24 pages plus author list (36 pages total), 23 figures, 1 table, submitted to European Physical Journal