Proposition of the 3-block perfume exhibition model: Using technology on turning visible and invisible reality such as perfumes

Perfumes are part of our daily life. They can be a possible way to express our beauty or they can bring to life some memories or they can be simply hygienical accessories. Hard to describe, impossible to see. Perfumes have some mystical aura above them. For the industry perspective, perfumes present a challenge that is how to turn visible such an invisible, intangible and mystical object. The lineup questions of this study seek to explore the artistic endeavor perfumes can display and the advantages of retrieving data to improve the exhibition and to develop new business models. To develop this theoretical, conceptual and exploratory study one must look at some of the scholars’ contributions to this subject and the fragrance exhibitions made to this day. Moreover, some empirical knowledge that helps to understand how value is perceived into modern perfumery is stated; such knowledge comes from previous exhibitions, either fragrance-related exhibitions or immersive experience exhibitions, and it can be studied and improved from one’s empirical experience. The study is aimed to serve as support for a Perfume Art Exhibitions and it will develop a role model for future olfactory art exhibitions. Sensorial experiences and the visitors’ embodiment are critical factors for the success of an exhibition; hence this article seeks to propose a new exhibition model, totally oriented for the visitors’ needs and expectations but also for the brands’ market research and segmentation efforts. The 3-block model can be used for both an exhibition and to a permanent art museum. This model is innovative because it enhances the artistic role of perfumes and it will get visitors to dive into perfumes, gaining vocabulary and exploring the “making of” perfumes.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Rock glaciers and mountain hydrology: A review

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Elsevier via the DOI in this record.In mountainous regions, climate change threatens cryospheric water resources, and understanding all components of the hydrological cycle is necessary for effective water resource management. Rockglaciers are climatically more resilient than glaciers and contain potentially hydrologically valuable ice volumes, and yet havereceived lessattention, even though rock glacier hydrologicalimportance may increase under future climate warming. In synthesising data from a range of global studies, we provide the first compre-hensive evaluation of the hydrological role played by rock glaciers. Weevaluate hydrological significanceover a range of temporal and spatial scales, alongsidethe complex multiple hydrological processes with which rock glaciers can interact diurnally, seasonally, annually, decadally and both at local and regional extents.We report that although no global-extent, complete inventory for rock glaciers exists currently, recent research efforts have greatly elaborated spatialcoverage.Using these research papers,we synthe-sise information on rock glacier spatial distribution, morphometric characteristics, surface and subsurface features, ice-storage and hydrological flow dynamics, water chemistry, and future resilience, from which we provide the first comprehensive evaluation of their hydrological contribution. We identify and discuss long-, intermediate-and short-term timescales for rock glacier storage, allowing a more balanced assess-ment of the contrasting perspectives regarding the relative significance of rock glacier-derived hydrological contributions compared to other water sources.We show that further empirical observations are required to gain a deeper hydrological understanding of rock glaciers, in terms of(i) their genesis and geomorpho-logical dynamics (ii) total ice/water volume; (iii) water discharge; and (iv) water quality. Lastly, we hypothesisethat at decadal and longer timescales, under future climate warming, degradation of ice within rock glaciers may represent an increasing hydrological contribution to downstream regions, and thus in-creased hydrological significance while rock glacier water stores persist.Royal Geographical SocietyNatural Environment Research Council (NERC

Avalanche protection dam of Cialancier in Saint Etienne de Tinée: from 2D digital modeling to the start of the onsite work

International audienceOn 16 December 2008 at 11.15 am, a large scale avalanche started in the upper watershed of the Fougeret couloir and ended its course in the hamlet of Cialancier, in the municipality of Saint Etienne de Tinée. A house was destroyed and two others were damaged. Luckily, there were no casualties. This article describes how to design and build an avalanche protection dam

Glacier, permafrost and thermokarst interactions in Alpine terrain: Insights from seven decades of reconstructed dynamics of the Chauvet glacial and periglacial system (Southern French Alps)

International audienceThis study analyses the long-term dynamics in the Chauvet glacial and periglacial system (southern French Alps) over seven decades (1948-2020), where several lake outburst floods have been documented since 1930. To accurately describe an

Comparison of the ability of wine experts and novices to identify odorant signals: a new insight in wine expertise

Background and Aims The ability to identify odours is important in wine tasting. Contradictory results have emerged from studies comparing the olfactory identification ability of experts and novices. The aim of this study is to extend the characterisation of olfactory capacity of wine professionals and to discuss the effect of practice and training on odour identification. Methods and Results We used an original method to explore odour identification as a function of a semantic and perceptual task: visual images of odour sources, forced‐choice olfactory identification and response time measurements. The performance of 39 wine experts and 41 novices was compared. The experts were more accurate than novices in olfactory identification; however, their response time was significantly longer. Conclusions As a part of their expertise, wine professionals acquire a better capacity for identifying wine defects or everyday odorants. Significance of the Study Experts apply a more complex cognitive process than novices when confronted with olfactory identification tasks. The mechanisms by which experts acquire their superior skill probably involve memory and olfactory mental representations, but their precise nature remains unclear

Olfactory and gustatory mental imagery : modulation by sensory experience and comparison to auditory mental imagery

Olfactory and gustatory mental images are defined as short-term memory representations of olfactory or gustatory events that give rise to the experience of “smelling with the mind’s nose” or “tasting with the mind’s tongue.” This chapter reviews converging evidence supporting the view that, as with visual mental images, odor and taste mental images preserve some aspects of olfactory and gustatory percepts. The variability that affects both types of imagery is also considered in an experiment comparing the effect of experience on chemosensory mental imagery and auditory mental imagery