Interferon-beta treated-multiple sclerosis patients exhibit a decreased ratio between immature/transitional B cell subset and plasmablasts

Our aim was to quantify circulating B cell subsets; immature/transitional, naïve, CD27- and CD27+ memory cells and plasmablasts, in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients treated with IFN-β. The most relevant findings were a significant increase of plasmablasts and a decrease of immature/transitional B cells, resulting in a decreased ratio between those cells in relapse RRMS, together with an increase of CD27- and CD27+IgM+ memory B cell subsets in both phases of the disease. These alterations point to an active B cell response, particularly in relapse, and the above referred ratio could constitute a good biomarker of relapse in patients that underwent IFN-β treatment.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Tendência temporal e distribuição espacial da sífilis gestacional e congênita em Goiás, 2007-2017: um estudo ecológico

Objective. To analyze temporal trend and spatial distribution of syphilis gestational and congenital syphilis among live-born infants in Goiás State, Brazil, between 2007 and 2017. Methods. Ecological time series and spatial distribution study with data obtained from the Notifiable Diseases Information System. Prais-Winstein Regression was used to analyze the trend of indicators by health macro-region. Descriptive spatial analysis was performed to verify distribution from three years of that period. Results. Between 2007 and 2017, 7,679 cases of syphilis gestational and 1,554 of congenital syphilis were reported. There was a linear increase in detection rates of syphilis gestational VariationPercentualAnnual: 18.0 – confidence interval 95% [95%CI] of 15.3 to 20.8) and congenital (VPA=16.8 – 95%CI 20.1;33.8); and a 326% increase in the number of municipalities with a congenital syphilis incidence rate >0.5/1,000 live births. Conclusion. A continuous increase in syphilis gestational and congenital syphilis was identified in different health regions from Goiás.Objetivo. Analisar a tendência temporal e distribuição espacial de sífilis gestacional (SG) e sífilis congênita (SC) em Goiás, Brasil, no período 2007-2017. Métodos. Estudo ecológico de série temporal com dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação. Utilizou-se a regressão de Prais-Winstein para analisar a tendência dos indicadores, por macrorregião de saúde. Realizou-se análise espacial descritiva para verificar a distribuição espacial dos casos, em três anos da série. Resultados. Foram registrados 7.679 casos de SG e 1.554 de SC no período. Observou-se tendência crescente das taxas de detecção de SG (variação percentual anual [VPA] de 18,0 – intervalo de confiança de 95% [IC95%] de 15,3 a 20,8) e de SC (VPA=16,8 – IC95% 20,1;33,8); e um acréscimo de 326% no número de municípios com taxa de incidência de SC >0,5/1000 nascidos vivos. Conclusão. Foi identificado crescimento das taxas de detecção da sífilis gestacional e congênita e do número de municípios notificantes

Formation of governance networks for innovation in the public sector: study of the Rede InovaGov and Comunidade de Simplificação

O artigo busca compreender a formação de redes de governança voltadas para inovação governamental no Brasil a partir de um estudo de dois casos: a Rede InovaGov do Governo Federal e a Comunidade de Simplificação do Governo de Minas Gerais. Por meio de pesquisa de natureza qualitativa e descritiva, os dados foram analisados considerando duas dimensões de análise: a dos atores e a do processo. As variáveis qualitativas utilizadas para a dimensão dos atores foram: participantes, responsáveis e nível de engajamento; enquanto as do eixo processo foram: o tempo de existência das redes, o tipo de interação e o processo decisório de ambas. Concluiu-se que as diferenças entre as redes são relativas à maturidade, à amplitude da rede federal e à similaridade dos atores da rede estadual, mesmo que ambos sejam fenômenos recentes. Como proposta para futuras pesquisas, sugere-se estudo longitudinal que acompanhe as redes no seu processo de institucionalização.El artículo busca comprender la formación de redes de gobernanza dirigidas a la innovación gubernamental en Brasil a partir del estudio de dos casos: la Rede InovaGov del Gobierno Federal y la Comunidade de Simplificação del Gobierno de Minas Gerais. Por medio de una investigación de naturaleza cualitativa y descriptiva, los datos fueron analizados considerando dos dimensiones de análisis: la de los actores y la del proceso. Las variables cualitativas utilizadas para la dimensión de los actores fueron participantes, responsables y nivel de compromiso, mientras que las del eje proceso fueron el tiempo de existencia de las redes, el tipo de interacción y el proceso decisorio de ambas. Se concluyó que las diferencias entre ambas son relativas a la madurez, a la amplitud de la red de gobernanza federal y a la similitud de los actores de la red de gobernanza estatal, aunque ambas sean fenómenos recientes. Como propuesta para futuras investigaciones, se sugiere un estudio longitudinal que acompañe a las redes en su proceso de institucionalización.The paper aims to understand the formation of governance networks geared towards governmental innovation in Brazil based on a study of two cases: the Rede InovaGov of the Federal Government and the Comunidade de Simplificação of the Minas Gerais government. Through qualitative and descriptive research, the data were analyzed considering two dimensions of analysis: the actors and the process. The qualitative variables used for the dimension of the actors were participants, responsible and level of engagement, while those of the process axis were the time of existence of the networks, the type of interaction and the decision making process of both. It was concluded that the differences between the two are related to the maturity and the breadth of the federal network and the similarity of the actors of the state network, even though both are recent phenomena. As a proposal for future research, a longitudinal study is suggested that accompanies the networks in their institutionalization process.Revista do Serviço Público - RSP, v. 71, Edição Especial, p. 212-231Análise e Ciência de DadosGestão PúblicaGovernançaInovaçãoISSN Eletrônico: 2357-8017ISSN Impresso: 0034-924

MEGAESÔFAGO SECUNDÁRIO A ESTENOSE ESOFÁGICA EM GATO: RELATO DE CASO

Megaesôfago é caracterizado por uma dilatação esofágica com comprometimento do seu peristaltismo. O presente estudo relata um caso clínico de megaesôfago secundário a estenose esofágica uma gata, siamesa, com 1 ano de idade, com histórico de regurgitação crônica refratária ao tratamento. O animal apresentava histórico de vômito recorrente após ser submetida à castração e receber medicação pós-operatória na forma de comprimidos. O paciente apresentava emagrecimento progressivo, regurgitação crônica e grave desidratação. O exame radiográfico mostrou acúmulo de conteúdo no esôfago torácico sugerindo obstrução que foi confirmado no exame contrastado. A paciente foi estabilizado e submetido à esofagectomia para restabelecimento do fluxo da ingesta no esôfago. No pós-operatório recebeu tratamento suporte com fluido intravenoso, antibiótico e anti-inflamatório e foi instituído manejo alimentar com dieta líquida ministrada com o animal em posição bipedal. A recuperação do paciente foi satisfatória. Concluindo-se que a estenose esofágica é uma alteração grave que pode levar ao megaesôfago e que seu tratamento pela esofagectomia parcial e manejo alimentar é eficiente permitindo a completa recuperação do animal

PREVALÊNCIA DE QUEDAS ENTRE IDOSOS DE UMA INSTITUIÇÃO DE LONGA PERMANÊNCIA

O risco de queda em idosos é de grande relevância, considerando que é um evento natural e próprio do envelhecimento e está diretamente relacionado à qualidade de vida e dependência. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a prevalência de quedas entre idosos de uma Instituição de Longa Permanência para Idosos do Centro-Oeste Mineiro. Trata-se de um estudo de caso realizado com 12 idosos de uma Instituição de Longa Permanência para Idosos do Centro-Oeste Mineiro, cuja coleta de dados foi realizada no mês de abril. Para avaliar as quedas e fatores associados, foram aplicados três instrumentos: miniexame do estado mental, timed up and go test e instrumento que contempla dados sobre quedas e fatores associados entre idosos institucionalizados. Os resultados apontam que 75,0% dos idosos sofreram o evento queda no último ano, parte do corpo mais atingida pela queda foram os membros inferiores 44,4%, 66,7% dos idosos estão classificados com importante déficit de mobilidade física. Dentre os fatores associados, destacamos a idade, a polifarmácia, às comorbidades, o nível escolar e ao funcionamento cognitivo destes idosos. Concluímos que a prevalência de quedas no idoso é alta (75%) e as consequências decorrentes das mesmas são preocupantes. Faz-se necessário a avaliação integral dos idosos, com o intuito de minimizar e prevenir os riscos de quedas, bem como as possíveis complicações do estado de saúde do idoso institucionalizado.Palavras-Chave: Acidentes por Quedas. Idoso. Instituição de Longa Permanência para Idosos

Inguinal Hernia with Splenic Incarceration in a Male Dog

Background: Hernias are changes with the displacement of organs from their normal anatomical location to a newly formed cavity, which can cause pain and dysfunction of the affected organ. The diagnosis can be obtained by palpation or by ultrasound. The treatment of choice is surgical and vision to promote the return of the organ to its normal anatomical position and the closure of the hernial ring. When affixing the edges of the hernial ring is not possible, alternative techniques such as the use of biological or synthetic membranes should be sought. The aim of the present study is to report an atypical case of inguinal hernia with splenic incarceration, in which splenectomy and herniorrhaphy with a bovine phrenic center were performed.  Case: An 8-year-old large mestizo male dog was referred to the Veterinary Hospital of Uberaba complaining of the appearance of a mass in the inguinal region that increased significantly in the last 15 days. On physical examination, there was an increase in volume in the left inguinal region, irreducible and great pain sensitivity in the region. The hemogram showed normochromic normocytic anemia, hyperproteinemia and thrombocytopenia. No changes were observed in the biochemical analyzes. Urinalysis revealed the presence of protein and traces of occult blood. Ultrasound showed an enlarged spleen inside the hernial sac, closing the diagnosis of inguinal hernia. The animal underwent a herniorrhaphy procedure associated with the use of a biological membrane from a bovine phrenic center and splenectomy. In addition, contralateral inguinal hernia was observed. The animal remained hospitalized and under observation for three days. On return, after five days, the guardian reported that the animal was urinating by dripping and had increased volume in the region of the surgery. Urethral catheterization was performed without difficulty and the region of swelling was punctured, obtaining a serosanguinous liquid. Ten days after surgery, stitches were removed and contralateral herniorrhaphy and orchiectomy were recommended. The animal showed complete healing of the surgical wound, but did not return for treatment of the contralateral inguinal hernia.Discussion: Inguinal hernia is considered rare in male dogs, especially in non-neutered animals, and few cases have been described, most of which are over the age of four years. In the present report, the dog is male, not neutered and is eight years old, in line with the findings of the highest occurrence in this species. Inguinal hernia can be hereditary, congenital or acquired from trauma or hormonal changes, and its etiology is poorly understood. The dog in this report acquired this condition in adulthood, and it was not possible to define the cause of the hernia, however it is believed that there is a possibility of muscle weakness associated with the patient's weight. Inguinal hernia in non-neutered dogs usually progresses to inguino-scrotal hernia, and cases in the Brazilian queue breed have been described. In this work, the herniated content was irreducible contrary to what is generally reported. In inguinal hernia, the most observed content is the intestinal loops, but the bladder and colon have already been seen. In the animal in this report, the spleen appeared as herniated content. The diagnosis can be made by palpation when the hernia is reducible, but it does not allow the definition of the hernia content. In cases of incarcerated hernias, it is necessary to perform an ultrasound which also allows the definition of the hernia content. The recommended treatment is surgical by herniorrhaphy, as was done in this patient. During surgery, muscle atrophy was observed in the inguinal region, but the tutor did not authorize the placement of polypropylene mesh for financial reasons. The alternative used and authorized by the tutor was the use of a biological membrane that achieved a satisfactory result, with few complications in the postoperative period

Cholecystoduodenostomy for Treatment of Biliary Obstruction Secondary to Feline Platinossomosis

Background: Platynosomum spp. it is a trematode that has a predilection for the liver and biliary tissues whose infection is acquired through the ingestion of metacercarian gecko viscera. Felines are the definitive hosts and clinical signs are variable. The diagnosis is through history, hematological and biochemical exams, ultrasound, bile cytology or histopathology. The treatment of choice is cholecystoduodenostomy. This paper aims to report the case of a cat who was treated at the Uberaba Veterinary Hospital with chronic cholangitis secondary to platinosomosis, but there was a transfusion reaction and she died.Case: A 4-year-old, uncastrated SRD cat was treated at the Uberaba Veterinary Hospital complaining of severe episodes of vomiting three days ago, hyporexia and darkened urine. The general clinical examination showed moderate dehydration, jaundice and hepatomegaly. The animal was hospitalized for better investigation of its condition. Increased values of ALT, alkaline phosphatase and all bilirubins were observed. Ultrasound showed liver suggestive of liver disease and steatosis, and gallbladder without alteration. During hospitalization, she remained jaundiced and hypoxic, and the esophageal tube was placed. The initial clinical suspicion was cholangiohepatitis. Liver biopsy and cholecystoduodenostomy were then suggested, with refusal by the tutor. The ultrasound was repeated and showed the same alterations described, besides cholangitis. Stool examination was negative for Platynosomum spp. and positive for Isospora spp. The patient was treated with anthelmintic for three days and received supportive treatment for another week until the tutor authorized cholecystoduodenostomy. During surgery, cholecystocentesis was performed and the parasite Platynosomum spp. in adult form. After four days, a new blood count was done and the animal was still anemic and the blood transfusion was chosen. The patient died within moments of the transfusion procedure.Discussion: Platynosomum spp. it is a trematode whose ultimate host is the domestic felines and inhabits liver, gallbladder and bile ducts causing biliary obstruction and even fibrosis. In the present report, the tutor reports that the cat had several episodes of vomiting and reduced appetite. Feline jaundice is normal in cases where cholestasis causes a two to three-fold increase in bilirubinemia from normal values. The increase was verified in the analyzed feline. Physical examination revealed jaundice and abdominal palpation suggestive of hepatomegaly. Ultrasound suggested cholangiohepatitis. Without improvement, liver biopsy and cholecystoduodenostomy were suggested, with tutor refusal. After repeated ultrasound, the images suggested cholangitis and the stool examination was negative for Platynosomum spp. The definitive diagnosis for this disease is through liver biopsy, visualization of the operated eggs or the adult form of the parasite in feces or bile as suggested in this case. However, in cases where there is total obstruction of the bile ducts, the eggs are not eliminated in the digestive system and the examination may be false negative as in this case. After the exams, the cat was submitted to cholecystoduodenostomy surgery where gallbladder puncture was performed for microscopic evaluation, and the parasite Platynosomum spp. in adult form. Most cats have blood type A, but even when the donor has the same blood type, cross-reaction may occur, so compatibility testing should be performed prior to any transfusion, thus reducing the risk of transfusion reactions. The patient died within moments of the transfusion procedure.

Influência das adubações orgânicas nas características fisiológicas do Coriandrum sativum L/ Influence organics fertilizers on the physiological characteristics Coriandrum sativum L

O Coriandrum sativum L. é uma hortaliça da família Apiaceae, nativa do Mediterrâneo. Amplamente consumida no Brasil, principalmente na região Nordeste em pratos típicos, sendo consumida in natura ou na forma de sementes, bastante apreciada tanto pelo sabor, quanto pela alta concentração de nutrientes como: cálcio, potássio, magnésio, ferro e vitaminas. Por isso, vem se destacando no mercado brasileiro no ano 2017, com um volume de produção em torno de 34.018 mil toneladas e uma comercialização de sementes, que gerou 38,46 milhões de reais. A alta qualidade fisiológica das sementes desta espécie, requer atributos genéticos, físicos e sanitários, que são de alta importância no processo produtivo da cultura e por influenciar diretamente no desenvolvimento e na produtividade. Entretanto, para as plantas obter desenvolvimento e produtividade, necessitam de fornecimento de adubos orgânicos, como exemplo, o esterco bovino, que além de fornecer nitrogênio, promove melhorias, como aumentos nos teores de matéria orgânica do solo, fósforo, potássio, cálcio e magnésio, já o esterco ovino, também apresenta composições químicas favoráveis com o nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio, além das alterações das propriedades químicas do solo, promovendo os maiores aumentos de cálcio, matéria orgânica e capacidade de troca de cátions. Portanto, os adubos orgânicos podem influenciar na recuperação da fertilidade do solo, ativação biológica, na melhoria das propriedades químicas e físicas. Além de apresentar altos teores dos macros e micronutrientes essenciais nas culturas de interesse econômico, que estão associadas às elevadas produções por área em diversas espécies de hortaliças como exemplo o Coriadrum sativum

Global transpiration data from sap flow measurements : the SAPFLUXNET database

Plant transpiration links physiological responses of vegetation to water supply and demand with hydrological, energy, and carbon budgets at the land-atmosphere interface. However, despite being the main land evaporative flux at the global scale, transpiration and its response to environmental drivers are currently not well constrained by observations. Here we introduce the first global compilation of whole-plant transpiration data from sap flow measurements (SAPFLUXNET, https://sapfluxnet.creaf.cat/, last access: 8 June 2021). We harmonized and quality-controlled individual datasets supplied by contributors worldwide in a semi-automatic data workflow implemented in the R programming language. Datasets include sub-daily time series of sap flow and hydrometeorological drivers for one or more growing seasons, as well as metadata on the stand characteristics, plant attributes, and technical details of the measurements. SAPFLUXNET contains 202 globally distributed datasets with sap flow time series for 2714 plants, mostly trees, of 174 species. SAPFLUXNET has a broad bioclimatic coverage, with woodland/shrubland and temperate forest biomes especially well represented (80 % of the datasets). The measurements cover a wide variety of stand structural characteristics and plant sizes. The datasets encompass the period between 1995 and 2018, with 50 % of the datasets being at least 3 years long. Accompanying radiation and vapour pressure deficit data are available for most of the datasets, while on-site soil water content is available for 56 % of the datasets. Many datasets contain data for species that make up 90 % or more of the total stand basal area, allowing the estimation of stand transpiration in diverse ecological settings. SAPFLUXNET adds to existing plant trait datasets, ecosystem flux networks, and remote sensing products to help increase our understanding of plant water use, plant responses to drought, and ecohydrological processes. SAPFLUXNET version 0.1.5 is freely available from the Zenodo repository (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3971689; Poyatos et al., 2020a). The "sapfluxnetr" R package - designed to access, visualize, and process SAPFLUXNET data - is available from CRAN.Peer reviewe